Vibration Exposure Safety Guidelines for Surgeons Using Power-Assisted Liposuction (PAL)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaowen Wu ◽  
Stephen Laswell ◽  
James A Mentz ◽  
Rolando Morales
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Surgical Instruments ◽  
Vibration Exposure ◽  
Data Logger ◽  
Vibration Data ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Vibration Magnitude ◽  
Exposure Levels ◽  
Safety Limit ◽  
Safety Guidelines

Abstract Background As power-assisted liposuction (PAL) gains popular use, plastic surgeons operating these devices experience occupational exposure to hand-transmitted vibration, which can result in Hand-Arm Vibration Syndrome (HAVS), a debilitating neurovasculopathy. Objectives The objective of the study is to determine vibration exposure from the use of a PAL device during surgery in order to generate recommendations for safe use. Methods Vibration emission of a commonly used PAL system (MicroAire-650: Surgical Instruments) was examined using a vibration data logger under both controlled laboratory conditions and during 13 typical liposuction cases. Data were analysed and compared with established safety limits of vibration exposure. Results The experiments demonstrated a mean vibration magnitude of typical liposuction surgeries to be 5.69 ± 0.77 m/s2 (range 4.59 - 6.27 m/s2), which is significantly higher than the manufacturer declared value of 3.77 m/s2. Cannula size was shown to be the most significant contributor to vibration magnitude, with larger cannulas causing more vibration transmission. Conclusions These results indicate that recommendations must be made to prevent undue occupational exposure to vibration from PAL. The MicroAire-650 can generally be safely used for less than 1.5 hours per day. At exposure levels greater than 1.5 hours per day, there is increased risk of developing vibration-related injuries, and vibration reducing strategies should be implemented. At exposure levels greater than 6 hours per day, the safety limit is exceeded and there is significantly increased risk of developing HAVS and vibration exposure should be halted.

Lung Function and Quality of Life in Workers with Chemical and Dust Exposure

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 346-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Ruxandra Otelea ◽  
Oana Cristina Arghir ◽  
Corina Zugravu ◽  
Eugenia Naghi ◽  
Sabina Antoniu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Dust Exposure ◽  
Chronic Lung Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Exposure ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Occupational Settings

Regarding the widely distribution of respiratory exposure hazards in occupational settings, workers have an increased risk for chronic lung diseases. For assessing the quality of life and lung function in workers exposed to chemicals and dust, St George�s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) and spirometry were performed among 40 patients, admitted in Occupational Clinic Department of Colentina Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, during February, 2017. SGRQ showed different predictors for patients according to their occupational exposure and total symptoms score correlated better with decreased spirometric parameters in defining lung function deterioration. Quality of life is earlier affected than lung function deterioration and emphasises the need of more sensitive methods for an earlier identification and better evaluation of respiratory hazards in different workplaces.

Liver Disorders

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry S. Levy
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Dietary Exposure ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Vinyl Chloride Monomer ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Industrial Chemicals ◽  
Liver Disorders ◽  
Increased Risk

This chapter describes occupational and environmental liver disorders. It describes the types of liver function and types of liver damage, and how these functions and this damage can be assessed. Workers in healthcare and solid waste management are at increased risk hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infections. Occupational exposure to swine is associated with hepatitis E virus infection. More than 100 industrial chemicals can be acutely hepatotoxic in experimental animals or humans. Metabolic reactions may affect the hepatotoxicity of chemicals. Occupational exposure to organic solvents can cause toxic hepatitis. Occupational exposure to vinyl chloride monomer has been causally associated with toxicant-associated fatty liver disease as well as a form of non-cirrhotic portal hypertension. Several agents can cause cancer of the liver or bile ducts. Vinyl chloride monomer is causally associated with angiosacoma of the liver. Arsenic causes liver cancer. Dietary exposure to aflatoxins can cause hepatoceulluar carcinoma.

scholarly journals Risk of nasopharyngeal cancer in productive sectors and formaldehyde exposure in bakeries industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Miligi ◽  
S Massari ◽  
R I Paredes Alpaca ◽  
S Piro ◽  
C Airoldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Work Process ◽  
Occupational Risks ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Traditional Sector

Abstract Background The International Agency for Research on Cancer evaluated formaldehyde (F) as carcinogenic for human in association with Nasopharyngeal Cancer (NPC). Occupational exposure to F occurs in many industrial sectors also in those non-traditional. For example in Tuscany F was detected in a bakery where a NPC case had ever worked. Methods In this study a) A case control approach (OCCAM) was used for monitoring occupational risks based on current information sources. Three Italian Regional Operating Centres, collected NPC cases from cancer registries and/or hospital discharge records. Controls were randomly sampled from the regional health service population data. Occupational histories were available through record linkage with the social security pension database (INPS). Study results were reported by industrial sectors, area and gender. b) A specific study on F exposure was conducted in bakeries and pastry industry carrying out measurements to determine the concentration of F in specific tasks and positions. Results 717 cases linked with INPS database. Increased ORs for several industrial sectors such as iron and steel, wood and plastic were observed. In two regions also health and veterinary services and hairdressers were at increased risk, but based on few cases of exposed workers. In the non traditional sector of bakeries and pastry industries, where workplaces were monitored, high levels of F in personal air samplings were found, in particular in processes that involve a strong leavening. Conclusions Many productive sectors, in which F exposure could occurred, were observed to be at higher risk. The measurements performed in the non traditional sector monitored, confirmed the F exposure in some phases of the work process. With this study we contributed to increased knowledge on the risk of NPC within the monitoring system of occupational risks, and to deepen exposure to F in a non traditional productive sector such as bakeries and pastry industries. Key messages The epidemiological method used (OCCAM) in this study provides further information on the role of occupational exposure in the development of nasopharyngeal cancer. The measurements performed in the bakeries and pastry industries provide new additional information on the exposure to formaldehyde in some work process phases of a non-traditional productive sector.

scholarly journals Occupational Exposure and Multiple Myeloma Risk: An Updated Review of Meta-Analyses

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 4179
Author(s):  
Rebecca Georgakopoulou ◽  
Oraianthi Fiste ◽  
Theodoros N. Sergentanis ◽  
Angeliki Andrikopoulou ◽  
Flora Zagouri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Methylene Chloride ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Preventive Actions ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Hazard Surveillance ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Meta Analyses

The precise etiology of multiple myeloma remains elusive, but both genetic and environmental factors have been suggested to contribute to disease risk. Several occupational categories and toxic agents have been implicated as potentially causative, yet findings from the literature are inconsistent. The aim of this review was to summarize and critically comment on the accumulated epidemiological evidence, across published meta-analyses, about the association between occupational exposure and risk of multiple myeloma. Overall, results from eleven meta-epidemiological studies underscore a significantly increased risk for firefighters, hairdressers, and employees exposed to engine exhaust, whereas farming and methylene chloride exposure have been non-significantly correlated with the disease. Further epidemiological studies are of utmost importance whilst emphasis should be placed on occupational hazard surveillance, as such studies will obtain a more accurate picture of disease occurrence in working populations, and will enable both the implementation of preventive actions and the evaluation of their effectiveness.

scholarly journals Bladder cancer and occupational exposure to metalworking fluid mist: a counter-matched case–control study in French steel-producing factories

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 328-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Régis Colin ◽  
Michel Grzebyk ◽  
Pascal Wild ◽  
Guy Hédelin ◽  
Ève Bourgkard
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Occupational Exposures ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Metalworking Fluids ◽  
Cumulative Exposure ◽  
Cancer Case ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Control Study

ObjectivesTo assess the relationship between occupational exposure to metalworking fluids (MWFs) in the steel-producing industry and bladder cancer incidence.MethodsA nested case–control study on bladder cancer was set up in a cohort of workers from six French steel-producing factories. Three controls were randomly selected for each incident bladder cancer case diagnosed from 2006 to 2012. Controls were matched to cases on age at diagnosis and counter-matched on a surrogate measure of exposure to MWFs derived from a job-exposure matrix. Cases (n=84) and controls (n=251) were face-to-face interviewed. Experts assessed occupational exposure to MWFs (straight, soluble and synthetic) using questionnaires and reports from factory visits. Occupational exposures were based on three metrics: duration, frequency-weighted duration and cumulative exposure index. Conditional multiple logistic regressions were used to determine ORs and 95% CIs, taking non-occupational and occupational exposure into account.ResultsIn the 25 years before diagnosis, ORs increased significantly with duration of exposure to straight MWFs (OR=1.13 (1.02–1.25)) and increased with frequency-weighted duration of exposure to straight MWFs (OR=1.44 (0.97–2.14)). These results remained valid after adjusting for duration of smoking, average number of cigarettes smoked per day, time since smoking cessation and exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). ORs also increased with soluble MWFs but not significantly. No significant association was found with older exposures to MWFs or with exposure to synthetic MWFs.ConclusionThe increased risk of bladder cancer observed among workers exposed to straight MWFs and to a lesser extent to soluble MWFs may be explained by the presence of carcinogens (such as PAH) in mineral oils component of straight and soluble oils. Prevention therefore remains necessary in sectors using MWFs.

scholarly journals O1B.4 Health effects of prenatal occupational noise exposure: a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A5.3-A6
Author(s):  
Zara Ann Stokholm ◽  
Inge Brosbøl Iversen ◽  
Henrik Kolstad
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Congenital Malformations ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Occupational Noise ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
Occupational Noise Exposure ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Exposure Levels

Current legislation and threshold limits for occupational noise exposure may not sufficiently account for higher vulnerability of the foetus. We conducted a systematic literature review and identified 20 relevant studies of prenatal noise exposure levels and health. Maternal tissues attenuate industrial noise by about 30 dB. The foetus responds the earliest to noise exposure from the 19th week of gestational age. There is some evidence of an increased risk of hearing loss at prenatal noise levels≥85 dBA (8 hour average) and little evidence at lower levels. Increased risks for preterm birth, small-for-gestational-age and congenital malformations are seen as single study findings at levels≥90 dBA. There is little evidence for how noise exposure may increase the risk of extra-auditive effects in the foetus. Methodological shortcomings and the scarce number of studies limit the conclusions that can be drawn. Still, we recommend pregnant women avoid working at noise levels≥85 dBA.

scholarly journals Occupational Exposures and Neurodegenerative Diseases—A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analyses

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars-Gunnar Gunnarsson ◽  
Lennart Bodin
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Occupational Exposures ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Meta Analyses

Objectives: To carry out an integrated and stratified meta-analysis on occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMFs), metals and pesticides and its effects on amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease, and investigate the possibility of publication bias. Methods: In the current study, we updated our recently published meta-analyses on occupational exposures in relation to ALS, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. Based on 66 original publications of good scientific epidemiological standard, according to the Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) guidelines, we analysed subgroups by carrying out stratified meta-analyses on publication year, statistical precision of the relative risk (RR) estimates, inspection of the funnel plots and test of bias. Results: Based on 19 studies the weighted RR for occupational exposure to EMFs was 1.26 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07–1.50) for ALS, 1.33 (95% CI 1.07–1.64) for Alzheimer’s disease and 1.02 (95% CI 0.83–1.26) for Parkinson’s disease. Thirty-one studies concerned occupational exposure to pesticides and the weighted RR was 1.35 (95% CI 1.02–1.79) for ALS, 1.50 (95% CI 0.98–2.29) for Alzheimer’s disease and 1.66 (95% CI 1.42–1.94) for Parkinson’s disease. Finally, 14 studies concerned occupational exposure to metals and only exposure to lead (five studies) involved an elevated risk for ALS or Parkinson’s disease and the weighted RR was 1.57 (95% CI 1.11–2.20). The weighted RR for all the non-lead exposures was 0.97 (95% CI 0.88–1.06). Conclusions: Exposure to pesticides increased the risk of getting the mentioned neurodegenerative diseases by at least 50%. Exposure to lead was only studied for ALS and Parkinson’s disease and involved 50% increased risk. Occupational exposure to EMFs seemed to involve some 10% increase in risk for ALS and Alzheimer’s disease only.

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