scholarly journals Promoting Co-Responsibility in the Household and Self-Care Through an Intervention for Food-Insecure Women with Excess Body Weight in Costa Rica

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 236-236
Author(s):  
Tatiana Martínez-Jaikel ◽  
Edward Frongillo Jr. ◽  
Christine Blake ◽  
Maryah Fram ◽  
Adriana Murillo-Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Gender Norms ◽  
Domestic Work ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Community Members ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
At Home

Abstract Objectives This intervention targeted change in gender norms and behaviors regarding co-responsibility in the household and self-care among food-insecure women with excess weight. The objectives of this study were to determine what and how changes occurred in perceived gender norms, attitudes, intentions, and behaviors of women and their family and community members regarding co-responsibility and self-care. Methods We conducted a two-arm, 6-month cluster-randomized controlled trial in Alajuela. This qualitative study included 62 women, 34 family members, and 9 community members in the intensive arm. This arm consisted of activities at the individual (12 two-hour sessions, 3 follow-up monthly sessions, and one closing session), household (one workshop with household and community members, and homework with family participation), and community (two brochures and one workshop) levels. Data used were from observations and content analysis of participant comments during the workshops (n = 83), pre- and post-semi-structured interviews (n = 35), and focus groups with participating women (n = 49). Results Women and family members changed attitudes, intentions, gender norms, and behaviors related to co-responsibility and self-care. Concerning co-responsibility, at baseline all women reported doing most of the domestic work. Most women perceived working outside home as favorable, but those with children worried about childcare. At end-line, women reached more equitable distributions of the domestic work. Many women either obtained a job or began a small business at home and found solutions to balance their job with childcare. Women explained that these changes occurred because they had increased psychological empowerment which allowed them to ask for help at home, search for a job, or accept jobs rejected before. Concerning self-care, women and family members changed self-care behaviors and improved relationships because 1) women understood that self-care first allowed them to care for others and 2) women changed first so their family members followed. Conclusions The intervention changed attitudes, intentions, gender norms, and behaviors related to co-responsibility and self-care, which supported improved food security and weight in women. Funding Sources Office of International Affairs, University of Costa Rica.

scholarly journals PEP-CoV protocol: a PEP flute-self-care randomised controlled trial to prevent respiratory deterioration and hospitalisation in early COVID-19

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. e050582
Author(s):  
Annette Mollerup ◽  
Sofus Christian Larsen ◽  
Anita Selmer Bennetzen ◽  
Marius Henriksen ◽  
Mette Kildevaeld Simonsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Usual Care ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
At Home

IntroductionInfection with SARS-CoV-2 may progress to severe pulmonary disease, COVID-19. Currently, patients admitted to hospital because of COVID-19 have better prognosis than during the first period of the pandemic due to improved treatment. However, the overall societal susceptibility of being infected makes it pivotal to prevent severe courses of disease to avoid high mortality rates and collapse of the healthcare systems. Positive expiratory pressure (PEP) self-care is used in chronic pulmonary disease and has been shown to prevent pneumonia in a high-risk cohort of patients with leukaemia. PEP flute self-care to prevent respiratory deterioration and hospitalisation in early COVID-19: a randomised trial (The PEP-CoV trial) examines the effectiveness on respiratory symptoms and need of hospital admission by regular PEP flute use among non-hospitalised individuals with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 symptoms.Methods and analysisIn this randomised controlled trial, we hypothesise that daily PEP flute usage as add-on to usual care is superior to usual care as regards symptom severity measured by the COPD Assessment Test (CAT) at 30-day follow-up (primary outcome) and hospital admission through register data (secondary outcome). We expect to recruit 400 individuals for the trial. Participants in the intervention group receive a kit of 2 PEP flutes and adequate resistances and access to instruction videos. A telephone hotline offers possible contact to a nurse. The eight-item CAT score measures cough, phlegm, chest tightness, dyspnoea, activities of daily living at home, feeling safe at home despite symptoms, sleep quality and vigour. The CAT score is measured daily in both intervention and control arms by surveys prompted through text messages.Ethics and disseminationThe study was registered prospectively at www.clinicaltrials.gov on 27 August 2020 (NCT04530435). Ethical approval was granted by the local health research ethics committee (Journal number: H-20035929) on 23 July 2020. Enrolment of participants began on 6 October 2020. Results will be published in scientific journals.Trial registration numberNCT04530435; Pre-results.

scholarly journals PKM Kelompok Pendamping Diabetes Self Management Education (KP-DSME) Bebasis Keluarga di Kelurahan Penggaron Lor Kecamatan Genuk Kota Semarang

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-99
Author(s):  
Dyah Wiji Puspita Sari ◽  
Rita Kartika Sari ◽  
Muh Abdurrouf
Keyword(s):  
Community Service ◽  
Management Education ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Service Activities ◽  
Family Based ◽  
Education Support ◽  
At Home

The service was done at Penggaron Lor Districk, especially in RW 03 & 04, there are many people with diabetes who lack the knowledge and skills in caring for family members suffering from Diabetes Mellitus at home. Community service activities in the form of Family-Based Self Management Education Support Group (KP-DSME Keluarga) is one of the solutions to deal with this problem. The method used to carry out this Community service activities program are socialization, improvement of competence, implementation of activities, monitoring and evaluation. The resulting target and output is the implementation of science and technology on the self-care of diabetitian patients to health cadres in providing assistance to families who have diabetitian at home effectively based on recent literatures. The number of cadres involved in this PKM are 14 health cadres from PKK RW 3 and 4 PKK. The conclusion in this PKM activity is increasing the readiness of family members to perform self-care on family members who suffer from DM and increasing diabetee self care behavior.

scholarly journals Adolescent, caregiver and community experiences with a gender transformative, social emotional learning intervention

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Cherewick ◽  
Sarah Lebu ◽  
Christine Su ◽  
Lisa Richards ◽  
Prosper F. Njau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experiential Learning ◽  
Gender Norms ◽  
Social Emotional Learning ◽  
Learning Experiences ◽  
Learning Opportunities ◽  
Emotional Learning ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Community Members ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Depth Interviews

Abstract Background Inequitable gender norms, beliefs and behaviors, are shaped by learning experiences during key developmental stages in an individual’s life course, and can have negative impacts on health and well-being outcomes. Very early adolescence represents one stage when formative learning experiences about gender inequity can have the potential to support or hinder more equitable gender norms, beliefs and behaviors. The aim of this qualitative study was to evaluate the effect of a gender transformative, social emotional learning intervention for very young adolescents (VYAs) that included experiential learning with peers, parents/caregivers and community members. Methods This study examined the effects of an intervention designed to provide social emotional learning opportunities for adolescents ages 10–11 in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. The qualitative sample included 279 participants. Qualitative methods included 102 in-depth interviews with VYAs, 22 focus groups with 117 VYAs, 60 in-depth interviews with parents/caregivers and 54 participant observations. A grounded theory approach was used to identify emergent themes. Results Participants reported growth in targeted areas of social emotional mindsets and skills, including a shift in gender norms, beliefs and behaviors. VYAs reported that experiential learning in mixed gender teams provided opportunities to actively practice and reflect on gender norms, beliefs and behaviors. VYAs also reported active practice of social emotional mindsets and skills with peers, parents/caregivers and the community. Parents/caregivers reported changes in VYAs’ social emotional mindsets and skills within the home, with the community and with siblings and peers. Both adolescents and parent/caregivers reported positive change towards more equitable gender norms, beliefs and behaviors through participation in experiential learning activities and reflective discussions. Conclusions These findings suggest that an intervention providing social and emotional experiential learning opportunities during the developmental window of very young adolescence can be effective in transforming gender norms, beliefs and behaviors. Involvement of peers, parents/caregivers and community members was effective at supporting learning social emotional mindsets and skills in VYAs. Findings encourage local and global adolescent programming to include gender transformative content paired with social emotional experiential learning with peers, family and the community and can stimulate positive change in gender norms, beliefs and behaviors to promote gender equity.

scholarly journals Intervention for Women in Costa Rica Who Have Food Insecurity and Excess Body Weight: A Cluster Randomized Trial (P04-017-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Martínez-Jaikel ◽  
Edward Frongillo ◽  
Christine Blake ◽  
Maryah Fram ◽  
Adriana Murillo-Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Cluster Randomized Trial ◽  
Economic Empowerment ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Cluster Randomized ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Objectives This study aimed to develop, implement, and evaluate an intervention to simultaneously reduce food insecurity and body weight. We hypothesized that, when compared with the non-intensive arm, women in the intensive intervention arm would reduce food insecurity and body weight and improve social support for healthy eating, psychological and economic empowerment, and food and physical activity behaviors. Methods We conducted a cluster-randomized controlled trial in the Central Canton of the Province of Alajuela. Randomization was at the level of the catchment area of the first level of health care in Costa Rica. This 6-month study compared two arms. The intensive arm consisted of activities at the individual (12 two-hour sessions, three follow-up monthly sessions, and one closing session), household (one workshop with the participants’ household and community members, and homework with family participation), and community (two brochures and one workshop) levels. The non-intensive arm was comprised of three one-hour sessions about healthy lifestyles. Results A total of 171 participants were enrolled (83 in intensive and 88 in non-intensive arm). At 6 months the intensive arm had significantly greater decreases from baseline in food insecurity (P = 0.004), body mass index (P = 0.010), and waist circumference (P = 0.001) compared with the non-intensive arm. The intensive arm also had also significantly greater increases in psychological (P = 0.014) and economic empowerment, including a greater increase in the contribution to household support (P = 0.030) and more women that found a job (P = 0.018), compared with the non-intensive arm. Women in the intervention arm had significantly greater changes from baseline in the expected direction in food consumption of fried foods (P = 0.029), sausages (P = 0.038), sugar drinks (P = 0.032), salads (P = 0.032), and beans (P = 0.004) compared to women in the non-intensive arm. We did not find any significant differences between the arms in social support, exercise, and consumption of fruits, vegetables and fast foods. Conclusions This intervention demonstrates that it is possible to simultaneously reduce food insecurity and reduce, rather than exacerbate, excess weight gain. Funding Sources Office of International Affairs, University of Costa Rica.

scholarly journals Working from Home and Other Home Activities during a COVID-19 Lockdown

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Keyword(s):  
Family Members ◽  
Self Care ◽  
The Other ◽  
Care Giving ◽  
Working From Home ◽  
Paper Work ◽  
Survey Monkey ◽  
At Home

“Working from home”, which is typically defined as taking your employment work home, has been prevalent during COVID-19 lockdowns, although very little research has focused on working from home or on other home activities even though lockdowns have entailed remaining at home for extended periods. In this Survey Monkey lockdown study, 69% were “working from home”, and that work was related to more paper work, being less bored, less touch deprived and generally less stressed. The other prevalent at home activities included cooking (97% of survey participants), housekeeping (96%), hobbies (82%), paper work (76%), creative projects (71%), and care giving (54%). Total scores on an Activities Scale that included these activities were positively correlated with scores on a Health Scale (that included exercise, touching family members, self-care, and meditating) as well as connecting with friends. These home activities were also associated with more texting and Zoom time and less depression and fatigue. These data, in contrast to other lockdown literature, suggest moderate levels of working from home and engaging in healthy activities during a COVID-19 lockdown.

Effectiveness of Child to Parent Communication Using Information Package on Food Hygiene

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (07) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ms. Sonam Yangchen Bhutia ◽  
Dr. Sushma Kumari Saini ◽  
Dr. Manmeet Kaur ◽  
Dr. Sandhya Ghai
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Home Visit ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Food Hygiene ◽  
Parent Communication ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Randomised Controlled

School children can act as change agent not only for families but for community. The study aimed to assess effectiveness of information package on knowledge and practices of parents/family members of school children studying in Govt. Sr. Sec. School on food hygiene in Dhanas and Daddu Majra Colony, UT, Chandigarh. A non-randomised controlled trial was conducted on 201 school children studying in VIIth standard and their parents/family members. Purposive sampling technique was utilised to enrol 101 in case and 100 participants in control group. Interview schedule for knowledge assessment and observation checklist for assessing the practices of parents/ family members was used. Pre assessment of both the groups was done by a home visit. Experimental group school children were educated on food hygiene as per the protocol. Pre and post-test knowledge of school children on food hygiene was assessed and were asked to disseminate the information to their parents/family members.  After 15 days, second time home visit was done to the parents/family members of both the groups for the post assessment of knowledge and practices. Significant improvement in knowledge and practices of parents/family members related to food hygiene was observed. Hence, school children can be an effective tool in health related knowledge dissemination which can further promote healthy practices.

Evaluation of a collaborative protocolized approach by community pharmacies and general medical practitioners for an Australian minor ailments scheme: study protocol for a cluster-randomized controlled trial (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Dineen-Griffin ◽  
Victoria Garcia Cardenas ◽  
Kylie Williams ◽  
Shalom Isaac Benrimoj
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Usual Care ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Community Pharmacies ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Minor Ailments ◽  
Cluster Randomized

BACKGROUND Internationally, governments have been investing in supporting pharmacists to take on an expanded role to support self-care for health system efficiency. There is consistent evidence that minor ailment schemes (MAS) promote efficiencies within the healthcare system. The cost savings and health outcomes demonstrated in the UK and Canada opens up new opportunities for pharmacists to effect sustainable changes through MAS delivery in Australia. OBJECTIVE This trial is evaluating the clinical, economic and humanistic impact of an Australian minor ailments service (AMAS), compared with usual pharmacy care in a cluster-randomized controlled trial in Western Sydney, Australia. METHODS The cluster-randomized controlled trial design has an intervention and a control group, comparing individuals receiving a structured intervention with those receiving usual care for specific common ailments. Participants will be community pharmacies, general practices and patients located in Western Sydney Primary Health Network region. 30 community pharmacies will be randomly assigned to either intervention or control group. Each will recruit 24 patients seeking, aged 18 years or older, presenting to the pharmacy in person with a symptom-based or product-based request for one of the following ailments (reflux, cough, common cold, headache (tension or migraine), primary dysmenorrhoea and low back pain). Intervention pharmacists will deliver protocolized care to patients using clinical treatment pathways with agreed referral points and collaborative systems boosting clinician-pharmacist communication. Patients recruited in control pharmacies will receive usual care. The co-primary outcomes are rates of appropriate use of nonprescription medicines and rates of appropriate medical referral. Secondary outcomes include self-reported symptom resolution, time to resolution of symptoms, health services resource utilization and EQ VAS. Differences in the primary outcomes between groups will be analyzed at the individual patient level accounting for correlation within clusters with generalized estimating equations. The economic impact of the model will be evaluated by cost analysis compared with usual care. RESULTS The study began in July 2018. At the time of submission, 30 community pharmacies have been recruited. Pharmacists from the 15 intervention pharmacies have been trained. 27 general practices have consented. Pharmacy patient recruitment began in August 2018 and is ongoing and monthly targets are being met. Recruitment will be completed March 31st, 2019. CONCLUSIONS This study may demonstrate the utilization and efficacy of a protocolized intervention to manage minor ailments in the community, and will assess the clinical, economic and humanistic impact of this intervention in Australian pharmacy practice. Pharmacists supporting patient self-care and self-medication may contribute greater efficiency of healthcare resources and integration of self-care in the health system. The proposed model and developed educational content may form the basis of a MAS national service, with protocolized care for common ailments using a robust framework for management and referral. CLINICALTRIAL Registered with Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) and allocated the ACTRN: ACTRN12618000286246. Registered on 23 February 2018.

A patient-centered mobile intervention to promote self-management and improve patient outcomes in chronic heart failure: The ManageHF4Life trial (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Dorsch ◽  
Karen B. Farris ◽  
Brigid E. Rowell ◽  
Scott L. Hummel ◽  
Todd M. Koelling
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Heart Failure Questionnaire

BACKGROUND Successful management of heart failure (HF) involves guideline based medical therapy as well as self-care behavior. As a result, the management of HF is moving toward a proactive real-time technological model of assisting patients with monitoring and self-management. OBJECTIVE Evaluate the effectiveness of a mobile application intervention that enhances self-monitoring on health-related quality of life, self-management, and reduces HF readmissions. METHODS A single-center randomized controlled trial was performed. Patients greater than 45 years of age and admitted for acute decompensated HF or recently discharged in the past 4 weeks were included. The intervention group used a mobile application (App). The intervention prompted daily self-monitoring and promoted self-management. The control group (No App) received usual care. The primary outcome was the change in Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ) from baseline to 6 and 12 weeks. Secondary outcomes were the Self-Care Heart Failure Index (SCHFI) questionnaire and recurrent HF admissions. RESULTS Eighty-three patients were enrolled and completed all baseline assessments. Baseline characteristics were similar between groups with the exception of HF etiology. The App group had a reduced MLHFQ at 6 weeks (37.5 ± 3.5 vs. 48.2 ± 3.7, P=0.039) but not at 12 weeks (44.2 ± 4 vs. 45.9 ± 4, P=0.778) compared to No App. There was no effect of the App on the SCHFI at 6 or 12 weeks. The time to first HF admission was not statistically different between the App versus No App groups (HR 0.89, 95% CI 0.39-2.02, P=0.781) over 12 weeks. CONCLUSIONS The mobile application intervention improved MLHFQ at 6 weeks, but did not sustain its effects at 12 weeks. No effect was seen on HF self-care. Further research is needed to enhance engagement in the application for a longer period of time and to determine if the application can reduce HF admissions in a larger study. CLINICALTRIAL NCT03149510

What Is Gender?

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Colm Hogan
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Gender Norms ◽  
Twelfth Night ◽  
The Third ◽  
Class A ◽  
And Behaviors

The third chapter turns to gender, examining parts of Cao’s Story of the Stone and Shakespeare’s Twelfth Night. The former treats a boy who strongly identifies himself with the girls with whom he is raised. The latter treats a girl who takes on the disguise of a boy. Both works suggest that personality and behavioral propensities are distributed fairly randomly across the two sexes; at the very least, sex does not align very consistently with such propensities. A careful reading of both works suggests what we might refer to as a “situated” or “situational” conception of gender. A situation triggers some situation category; that is, we class a certain social interaction as a particular type (e.g., a joke or an insult). That categorization includes context-appropriate gender norms. The norms range from diction and politeness through socially appropriate emotions and behaviors (e.g., sadness vs. anger in response to an insult).

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