scholarly journals Trends in Consumption of Sweet, Unsweetened and Alcoholic Beverages in Mexican Adults: 2006 to 2016

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 707-707
Author(s):  
Alejandra Contreras ◽  
Hector Lamadrid ◽  
Carlos Guerrero ◽  
Andrea Arango ◽  
Ruy López Ridaura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survey Design ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Plain Water ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Diet Soda ◽  
Mexican Adults ◽  
National Trends ◽  
Dairy Beverages

Abstract Objectives In the context of the introduction of the SSB tax in Mexico in 2014, we aimed to estimate national trends in the consumption of sweetened, unsweetened and alcoholic beverages in Mexican adults: 2006–2016. Methods We analyzed data from the FFQ-questionnaire of the National Surveys of Nutrition and Health 2006, 2012 and 2016. Beverages were classified as: plain water, regular soda, diet soda, sweetened or unsweetened dairy (i.e., atole, milk, latte), sweetened or unsweetened non-dairy (i.e., tea, industrialized flavour water, coffee), yogurt, juice and fruit beverages, and alcoholic beverages. Intake was collected as servings per day of 240 ml, except for yogurt set at 230 ml. Due to seasonal differences in FFQ administration, we adjusted the data from 2016 with a seasonal variation coefficient estimated using the correlation between the average montlhy sales in liters/per capita of the last 11 years. Analyzes were performed in Stata 14. Trends were assessed using multilevel linear regression models adjusted by survey design (module svy in stata), age, sex and the average temperature in the participant's municipality of residence. Results We analyzed dietary information of 29,952 Mexican adults. Consumption of plain water increased from 3.7 (4.79) servings/day in 2006 to 3.75 (1.49, P < 0.05) in 2012, and to 4.85 (3.34, P < 0.05) in 2016. The intake or regular soda increased from 0.76 (1.63) servings/day in 2006 to 0.86 (0.58, P < 0.05) in 2012 and to 0.98 (1.27, P < 0.05) in 2016. Juice and fruit beverages, decreased from 0.84 (1.71) in 2006 to 0.60 (0.51) in 2012, and increased to 1.01 (1.35, P < 0.05) servings/day in 2016. Alcoholic beverages intake increased from 0.15 (0.78) in 2006, to 0.19 (0.29, P < 0.05) in 2012 to 0.36 (1.01, P < 0.05) in 2016. In contrast, the intakes of diet soda (0.02), dairy (0.32) and unsweetened non-dairy beverages (0.06) were not significantly different between 2012–2016, but lower than in 2006 (0.04,0.37,0.20, respectively, P < 0.05). Conclusions In Mexican adults the estimated intake of water, regular soda, juice and alcoholic beverages kept increasing from 2006–2016, while the intakes of diet soda, dairy and unsweetened non-dairy beverages tended to decrease over this time-frame. A possible effect of the SSB tax on the replacement of soft drinks with water, juice and alcoholic beverages should be studied further. Funding Sources Fulbright-Comexus.

scholarly journals Associations of Maternal Non-Nutritive Sweetener Intake During Pregnancy with Childhood BMI Trajectory

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1058-1058
Author(s):  
Jasmine Plows ◽  
Izzuddin Aris ◽  
Sheryl Rifas-Shiman ◽  
Michael Goran ◽  
Emily Oken
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Status ◽  
National Institutes Of Health ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Diet Soda ◽  
Pregnancy Smoking ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Clinical Measures ◽  
Bmi Trajectory

Abstract Objectives To examine the extent to which non-nutritive sweetener (NNS; e.g., aspartame) intake during pregnancy is associated with offspring BMI z-score trajectory from birth to 15 years. Methods We included 1683 mother-child pairs from Project Viva, a prospective pre-birth-cohort recruited in 1999–2002 in Massachusetts. The main exposure was maternal NNS intake assessed in the 1st and 2nd trimesters of pregnancy using a food frequency questionnaire. We defined NNS as servings/day of diet soda + NutraSweet (aspartame packets) averaged across 1st and 2nd trimesters. We used linear regression models to examine associations of maternal NSS intake with offspring BMI z-score at each in-person research visit (birth, 6 months, 3 years, 7 years, and 12 years). We also used mixed-effects models to examine associations with BMI z-score trajectory from birth to 15 years, including both research and clinical measures of BMI for 1570 participants with ≥3 BMI z-score values. We adjusted all models for maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, age, race/ethnicity, education, parity, and pregnancy smoking status. Results 70% of mothers were white and mean (SD) pre-pregnancy BMI was 24.6 (5.2) kg/m2. Mean (SD; IQR) intake of NNS was 0.23 (0.55; 0.22) servings/day. While maternal NNS intake (per servings/day) was not associated with BMI z-score at birth (β −0.03 units; 95% CI −0.14, 0.08), NNS was associated with higher BMI z-score at 6 months (β 0.17; 0.06, 0.28), 3 years (β 0.13; 0.03, 0.24), 7 years (β 0.16; 0.04, 0.29) and 12 years (β 0.16; 0.01, 0.31). Based on the BMI z-score trajectory, the associations of NNS intake (Q4 vs. Q1) with BMI z-score became stronger with increasing age from 3–14 years (pinteraction with age: <0.01); e.g., 3 years (β 0.13; 0.02, 0.23), 7 years (β 0.24; 0.11, 0.37) and 12 years (β 0.38; 0.20, 0.57). Conclusions Our findings showed higher maternal NNS intake during pregnancy was associated with higher BMI z-score from childhood to early adolescence, and the associations strengthened with increasing age. Funding Sources US National Institutes of Health (R01 HD034568, UH3 OD023286).

scholarly journals Harmonization of Maternal Nutrition Trials – Finding and Creating Similarities in Protocols and Outcomes

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1738-1738
Author(s):  
Alison Gernand ◽  
Yemane Berhane ◽  
Nita Bhandari ◽  
Ranadip Chowdhury ◽  
Fyezah Jehan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Maternal Nutrition ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Fetal Biometry ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Biospecimen Collection ◽  
Gates Foundation ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Objectives Public health and clinical recommendations should be based on results from multiple studies, however trials often have outcomes that are not defined in the same way. This project aims to harmonize selected protocols, outcome definitions, and data analysis across five randomized trials of antenatal balanced energy-protein supplementation being conducted in Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, India, Nepal, and Pakistan. Methods Harmonization efforts include a range of activities from reviewing detailed protocols, biospecimen collection plans, data dictionaries, and data analysis plans to proposing best practices and acceptable practices based on field limitations. Most studies have not begun or are early in enrollment, an ideal time frame to make changes. A two-day workshop of lead investigators, content experts and advisors will be held in late February, and harmonization activities will continue thereafter. Results All studies are examining anthropometry at birth as a primary outcome, however the timing of birth measurements (hours since birth) and types of measurements taken differ across trials. All studies are estimating gestational age by ultrasound measurements, but the gestational age at ultrasound differs (in part due to differences in timing of antenatal care by country) as well as the number of fetal biometry measures. Finally, stillbirth is a key outcome across trials, but initial definitions had slight differences that will now be harmonized. We are also able to add new, important maternal and child health outcomes to each trial that will have the same protocols from inception (e.g., microbiome). Conclusions Efforts thus far have resulted in communication between study investigators, consideration of improved protocols, and addition of new outcomes to collect across all sites. Further results are forthcoming after the February workshop, which will include documentation of how much definitions vary across studies and the challenges of standardization. We expect the harmonization process to improve overall reporting within each study and provide opportunities for better meta-analyses. Funding Sources The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.

scholarly journals Adherence to DASH Dietary Pattern Is Inversely Associated with Osteoarthritis in Americans (P18-012-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen Francis ◽  
Karen Kemper ◽  
Joel Williams ◽  
Liwei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Dash Score ◽  
Complex Survey ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Lower Likelihood ◽  
Complex Survey Design

Abstract Objectives Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common disease which significantly contributes to disability among older adults. Dietary factors are suggested to play a role in preventing OA, however, studies in this area spare. The objective of this study was to assess the association between adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and OA in American adults. Methods This study included United States (US) adults (≥aged 20 years) who participated NHANES cycles 2007–2016. The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) score was calculated from nine food items with a higher DASH score indicating better adherence to the DASH dietary pattern. Multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for age, education, race/ethnicity, household income, smoking, alcohol consumption, and total energy intake were used to estimate the adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of DASH with OA. All analyses accounted for the complex survey design. Results Among the 17,349 participants included in this study, 9.05% reported OA. The DASH score was inversely associated with OA. The aOR (95% CI) were 1.00 (ref), 0.09 (0.70, 1.16), and 0.74 (0.58, 0.94) (Ptrend = 0.01) across the DASH score tertiles. When analyses were stratified by BMI categories (normal, overweight, obese) the magnitude of the association was stronger and remained significant only among obese participants (i.e., BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2). Among participants with an obese BMI, participants with a DASH score in the highest tertile compared to participants with a DASH score in the lowest tertile had a 17% lower likelihood of having OA (P = 0.009). Conclusions In a representative sample of American adults, higher adherence to the DASH dietary pattern was associated with lower likelihood of having OA and this association was particularly evident among obese individuals. Funding Sources N/A. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

scholarly journals Trends in Key Food Groups Consumption in Low Income Mexican Women (P18-015-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsa Gaona-Pineda ◽  
Brenda Martínez tapía ◽  
Sonia Rodríguez-Ramírez ◽  
Andrea Arango-Angarita ◽  
Danae Gabriela Valenzuela Bravo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Plain Water ◽  
Mexican Women ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Cured Meats ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Health And Nutrition

Abstract Objectives To describe trends in the proportion of key food groups (KFG) for public health consumption among low income Mexican women (LIMW). Methods From National Surveys of Health and Nutrition a sample of 655 LIMW in 2012, 1158 in 2016 and 2835 in 2018 was analyzed. From a food frequency questionnaire, foods and beverages were classified into 13 KFG: fruits, vegetables, legumes, meats, poultry and fish, plain water, egg and dairy products, cured meats, fast food and fried Mexican snacks, salty snacks, candies and desserts, sweetened cereals, sweetened beverages and sweetened dairy beverages. Consumption was defined if a KFG was consumed at least 10 grams/day and 3 days/week, 7 days/week was the criterion for fruits, vegetables and plain water. The proportion of LIMW that consumed each KFG was compared through time. Results There were greater decreases in the proportion of LIMW which consumed salty snacks, candies and desserts, sweetened cereals and cured meats, egg and dairy products. Moderate reductions were found in sweetened beverages, legumes and meats, poultry and fish. Less than 40% of LIMW consumed fruits and less than 30% vegetables, with no changes. Approximately 15% of LIMW did not drink water daily. (Table 1). Conclusions Important decreases in consumption of KFG in LIMW were found. Further research is needed in order to understand which factors could be related with those changes. Funding Sources Mexican Ministry of Health. National Coordination of "PROSPERA" Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

scholarly journals Disparities in plain, tap and bottled water consumption among US adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007–2014

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 1455-1464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asher Y Rosinger ◽  
Kirsten A Herrick ◽  
Amber Y Wutich ◽  
Jonathan S Yoder ◽  
Cynthia L Ogden
Keyword(s):  
National Health ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Bottled Water ◽  
Plain Water ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Health And Nutrition

AbstractObjectiveDifferences in bottled v. tap water intake may provide insights into health disparities, like risk of dental caries and inadequate hydration. We examined differences in plain, tap and bottled water consumption among US adults by sociodemographic characteristics.DesignCross-sectional analysis. We used 24 h dietary recall data to test differences in percentage consuming the water sources and mean intake between groups using Wald tests and multiple logistic and linear regression models.SettingNational Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2007–2014.SubjectsA nationally representative sample of 20 676 adults aged ≥20 years.ResultsIn 2011–2014, 81·4 (se 0·6) % of adults drank plain water (sum of tap and bottled), 55·2 (se 1·4) % drank tap water and 33·4 (se 1·4) % drank bottled water on a given day. Adjusting for covariates, non-Hispanic (NH) Black and Hispanic adults had 0·44 (95 % CI 0·37, 0·53) and 0·55 (95 % CI 0·45, 0·66) times the odds of consuming tap water, and consumed B=−330 (se 45) ml and B=−180 (se 45) ml less tap water than NH White adults, respectively. NH Black, Hispanic and adults born outside the fifty US states or Washington, DC had 2·20 (95 % CI 1·79, 2·69), 2·37 (95 % CI 1·91, 2·94) and 1·46 (95 % CI 1·19, 1·79) times the odds of consuming bottled water than their NH White and US-born counterparts. In 2007–2010, water filtration was associated with higher odds of drinking plain and tap water.ConclusionsWhile most US adults consumed plain water, the source (i.e. tap or bottled) and amount differed by race/Hispanic origin, nativity status and education. Water filters may increase tap water consumption.

scholarly journals Dietary Patterns of Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: The Influence of Treatment Modality

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Santin ◽  
Daniela Canella ◽  
Camila Borges ◽  
Bengt Lindholm ◽  
Carla Avesani
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Renal Transplant ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Treatment Modality ◽  
National Health Survey ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Treatment Groups

Background: We analyzed the dietary patterns of Brazilian individuals with a self-declared diagnosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and explored associations with treatment modality. Methods: Weekly consumption of 14 food intake markers was analyzed in 839 individuals from the 2013 Brazil National Health Survey with a self-declared diagnosis of CKD undergoing nondialysis (n = 480), dialysis (n = 48), or renal transplant (n = 17) treatment or no CKD treatment (n = 294). Dietary patterns were derived by exploratory factor analysis of food intake groups. Multiple linear regression models, adjusted by sociodemographic and geographical variables, were used to evaluate possible differences in dietary pattern scores between different CKD treatment groups. Results: Two food patterns were identified: an “Unhealthy” pattern (red meat, sweet sugar beverages, alcoholic beverages, and sweets and a negative loading of chicken, excessive salt, and fish) and a “Healthy” pattern (raw and cooked vegetables, fruits, fresh fruit juice, and milk). The Unhealthy pattern was inversely associated with nondialysis and dialysis treatment (β: −0.20 (95% CI: −0.33; −0.06) and β: −0.80 (−1.16; −0.45), respectively) and the Healthy pattern was positively associated with renal transplant treatment (β: 0.32 (0.03; 0.62)). Conclusions: Two dietary patterns were identified in Brazilian CKD individuals and these patterns were linked to CKD treatment modality.

scholarly journals Consumption of Alcoholic Beverages Associated With Physical Health Status in Adults: Secondary Analysis of the Health Information National Trends Survey Data

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 215013192110662
Author(s):  
Cristian Ramos-Vera ◽  
Antonio Serpa Barrientos ◽  
Yaquelin E. Calizaya-Milla ◽  
Claudia Carvajal Guillen ◽  
Jacksaint Saintila
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
National Trends

Introduction: Alcohol consumption constitutes one of the main modifiable risk factors that contribute to the increase in the global burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The objective of this study was to determine the effects of the consumption of alcoholic beverages on the state of physical health and its equivalence according to gender. Methods: Cross-sectional data from the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) (n = 3865), collected during 2020 were used. Structural equation modeling was applied to assess the fit of the model, which included the prediction of measures of alcohol consumption in physical health and the equivalence of measurements of the proposed structural model in men and women. Results: The proposed structural model reported adequate goodness-of-fit indices (SBχ²/gl = 3.817, CFI = 0.984, TLI = 0.968, RMSEA [90% CI] = 0.027 [0.016-0.039]; SRMR = 0.016). Frequent alcohol consumption had a negative effect on physical health ( b = −0.13, P < .01). Similarly, occasional alcohol consumption negatively predicted elevated BMI and chronic conditions such as, diabetes, hypertension, CVD, and cancer ( b = −0.09, P < .01). In addition, drinking patterns of alcoholic beverages affect physical health in equal ways for men and women. Conclusion: The findings highlight that frequent and occasional alcohol consumption significantly affected physical health in a negative way. Future interventions could address ways to encourage the adoption of a healthy lifestyle to reduce the risks of chronic conditions derived from excessive alcohol consumption.

scholarly journals Trends in Delirium Rate Across 14 Hospitals During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comparative Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 733-734
Author(s):  
Ariba Khan ◽  
Asma Sabih ◽  
Alexander Schwank ◽  
Marianne Klumph ◽  
Michael Malone
Keyword(s):  
Time Frame ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Simple Linear Regression ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Combining Data ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Hospitalized Older Adults ◽  
Changes Over Time

Abstract During the COVID-19 pandemic, strategies to prevent delirium in the hospital were limited due to restrictions in staff and visitor policies. Thus, we suspected the delirium rate may increase during the pandemic. This study aimed to investigate the trends in delirium rate over past 2-years and compare this trend prior-to-and-during the COVID-19 pandemic in hospitalized older adults. Data was retrospectively obtained from the Acute-Care-for-Elders Tracker snapshot, an electronic health record tool to identify the presence of delirium within 48hrs of hospitalization for patients ≥65 years. Periods of interests were 3/2019-6/2019 (pre-COVID) and 3/2020-6/2020 (during-COVID). A weighted rate was calculated for each month by combining data from all hospitals for the total number of inpatients ≥65 years. The overall trend in the delirium rate was assessed with simple linear regression models and an ANCOVA. A χ2 and a Wilcoxon-Signed-Rank-Test were utilized to test for differences in the overall delirium rate between two time periods. Overall median delirium rate was 6.8% in 70,562 encounters of 42,878 patients (mean age= 78 years; mean length-of-stay= 6.5 days). The median delirium rate increased by 2.1% (6.6%to8.6%), for pre-COVID vs. during-COVID, respectively (Z=-3.044,p&lt;0.001). There were no significant differences between actual and projected weighted delirium rates (p=0.18). However, the weighted delirium rate—for both the actual and projected trend lines—demonstrated significant changes over time (p&lt;0.001).The trend in delirium rate increased over the study time period regardless of the pandemic. Further analyses with longer time-frame are crucial to understand the consequences of the pandemic on delirium rate.

scholarly journals Pelargonidin in Strawberries May Reduce Alzheimer's Disease Neuropathology: A Community-Based Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1186-1186
Author(s):  
Puja Agarwal ◽  
Thomas Holland ◽  
Yamin Wang ◽  
Julie Schneider ◽  
Morris Martha
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Neurofibrillary Tangles ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Continuous Variable ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Standardized Measure ◽  
Human Brains

Abstract Objectives To understand the association between strawberries or anthocyanidins intake and Alzheimer's disease neuropathology in human brains. Methods The study was conducted in 508 deceased participants (mean age: 91.2 ± 7.2 years, mean education: 14.6 ± 3 years) of the Rush Memory and Aging Project (a clinicopathologic longitudinal cohort) who completed a food frequency questionnaire and had completed neuropathological evaluations. Strawberry consumption was assessed as a continuous variable for the frequency of intake (never or less than once a month, 1–3 times/month, once/week, 2–4 times/week). Anthocyanidin and its subclass intakes were energy-adjusted and modeled in quartiles with the lowest quartile as the referent category. Diffuse and neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles were assessed in multiple brain regions and summarized as standard measures of AD pathology, including Braak, CERAD, NIA-Reagan, global AD pathology. Linear regression models adjusted for age, sex, and education were used. Results In the study population mean pelargonidin intake was 1.6 ± 1.9 mg/day and strawberries contributed to 75% of this total intake. Higher pelargonidin intake was associated with less amyloid plaques (P for trend = 0.03) and neurofibrillary tangles (P for trend = 0.008). Participants in the highest quartile of pelargonidin intake had overall less AD neuropathology as assessed by standardized measure (Braak: β = −0.33, P = 0.02; NIA-Regan: β = −0.19, P = 0.02; global AD pathology: β = −0.10, P = 0.03) compared to those in the lowest quartile. Strawberry intake indicated a trend of association only with neurofibrillary tangles (β = −0.33, P = 0.09) and no other significant association otherwise. Other anthocyanidins assessed had no association with AD neuropathology. Conclusions Higher pelargonidin intake may reduce the risk of Alzheimer's Disease. Strawberries being a rich source of pelargonidin, should be further assessed for its role to maintain brain health in older adults. Funding Sources National Institute of Aging and California Strawberry Commission.

scholarly journals A Prospective Investigation of Cesarean Birth with Total and Truncal Fat Mass in Early Adolescence

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1039-1039
Author(s):  
Lidia Minguez Alarcon ◽  
Sheryl Rifas-Shiman ◽  
Joanne Sordillo ◽  
Izzuddin Aris ◽  
Marie-France Hivert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Delivery ◽  
Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
The United States ◽  
Delivery Mode ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Objectives Nearly 1.3 million cesarean deliveries are performed each year in the United States, resulting in the birth of one third of all children nationwide. A higher risk of childhood obesity has been observed among children born by cesarean, but this literature is inconsistent. We investigated differences in total and truncal fat mass during early adolescence among offspring born by cesarean compared to those born by vaginal delivery. Methods This prospective study includes adolescents (median age 12.8 years) whose mothers enrolled in while pregnant in Project Viva between 1999 and 2002, and who have been followed since birth. A total of 740 adolescents had available total and truncal fat mass measured using Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) at the early adolescent in-person visit. We abstracted delivery mode from electronic medical records. We used multivariable linear regression models to estimate the difference in total and truncal fat mass indices (FMI, kg/m,2) among adolescents born by cesarean compared to those born by vaginal delivery while adjusting for confounders. We used stabilized inverse probability weights to account for censoring. Results Mean (SD) maternal age was 32.2 (5.4) years and pre-pregnancy BMI was 25.0 (5.3) kg/m,2. A total of 157 (21%) of the adolescents were born by cesarean delivery and 51%were female; mean (SD) total and truncal FMI were 6.3 (3.1) and 2.4 (1.5) kg/m,2 respectively. Adolescents born by cesarean vs. vaginal delivery had significantly higher total [β (95% CI) = 0.78 (0.23, 1.33) kg/m,2] and truncal [β (95% CI) = 0.35 (0.08, 0.61) kg/m,2] FMI than those born by vaginal delivery in models adjusted for child age and sex, and maternal age, education and race/ethnicity. These associations were attenuated and no longer statistically significant after further adjusting for maternal pre-pregnancy BMI [β (95% CI) = 0.45 (−0.06, 0.96) kg/m,2 for total and 0.19 (−0.05, 0.44) kg/m,2 for truncal FMI]. Additional adjustment for gestational weight gain, smoking and paternal BMI did not substantially change the results. Conclusions These data suggest that the association between birth by cesarean delivery and adolescent adiposity is largely explained by maternal pre-pregnancy BMI. Funding Sources NIH grants R01HD093761, R01HD034568, R01ES024765, and UH3 OD023286.

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