scholarly journals Supplemental Protein and Multi-Nutrient Beverage Improve Skin Barrier Restoration of an Experimental Wound Site During 72-h Sleep Restriction

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1536-1536
Author(s):  
Tracey Smith ◽  
Marques Wilson ◽  
Claire Whitney ◽  
Heather Fagnant ◽  
J Philip Karl
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Skin Barrier ◽  
Transepidermal Water Loss ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
Sleep Restriction ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Us Army ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Additional Protein

Abstract Objectives Acute bouts of sleep restriction (SR) are unavoidable in certain populations (e.g., military personnel and first responders), and impairs immune function as evidenced by delays in skin barrier recovery of experimental wounds by ∼1 day. To what extent this impairment can be mitigated by nutritional supplementation is less clear. We tested the efficacy of a multi-nutrient beverage and additional protein on wound healing in response to acute SR. Methods In this single-blind, cross-over study, wounds were created in healthy adults by removing the top layer of ≤ 8 forearm blisters (∼30 mm2) induced via suction on Day 2 of 72-h SR (lab monitored, 2-h nightly sleep). A controlled, isocaloric diet was provided during SR with either 0.9 g · kg−1 · d−1 protein plus placebo (PLA) or 1.5 g · kg−1 · d−1 protein plus multi-nutrient beverage (NUT; L-arginine: 20 g · d−1, L-glutamine: 30 g · d−1, omega-3 fatty acids: 1 g · d−1, zinc sulfate: 24 mg · d−1, vitamin D3: 800 IU · d−1 and vitamin C: 400 mg · d−1). For 4 days following SR, participants were instructed to continue with the respective PLA or NUT treatment. Protein prescription and beverage components were based on data from clinical settings that have shown benefits related to postsurgical infectious complications and wound healing disorders. Skin barrier restoration was assessed by transepidermal water loss, measured daily until values were within 90% of unbroken skin. Results Twenty participants completed PLA and NUT (18 M/2F; 19.7 ± 2.3 years [mean ± SD]), Body weight change was not different during PLA and NUT (–0.06 ± 0.88 kg and −0.12 ± 1.54 kg, respectively, P = 0.90) and dietary protein intake during and after SR was 1.08 ± 0.28 g · kg−1 · d−1 and 1.44 ± 0.27 g · kg−1 · d−1, respectively. Compliance with study beverages was ∼95%. Skin barrier recovery time was shorter for NUT (4.29 ± 1.17 days) compared to PLA (5.48 ± 1.30 days) (P = 0.001). Conclusions Supplemental nutrition may be beneficial for mitigating delays in wound closure consequent to SR. Findings are of practical importance for affected populations, since the potential for infection is heightened when the skin barrier is perturbed. Funding Sources US Army MMRDC. Authors’ views do not reflect official DoD or Army policy.

scholarly journals Impact of sleep restriction on local immune response and skin barrier restoration with and without “multinutrient” nutrition intervention

2018 ◽  
Vol 124 (1) ◽  
pp. 190-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracey J. Smith ◽  
Marques Wilson ◽  
J. Philip Karl ◽  
Jeb Orr ◽  
Carl Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Skin Barrier ◽  
Sleep Restriction ◽  
Wound Fluid ◽  
Nutrition Supplementation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Supplemental Nutrients

Systemic immune function is impaired by sleep restriction. However, the impact of sleep restriction on local immune responses and to what extent any impairment can be mitigated by nutritional supplementation is unknown. We assessed the effect of 72-h sleep restriction (2-h nightly sleep) on local immune function and skin barrier restoration of an experimental wound, and determined the influence of habitual protein intake (1.5 g·kg−1·day−1) supplemented with arginine, glutamine, zinc sulfate, vitamin C, vitamin D3, and omega-3 fatty acids compared with lower protein intake (0.8 g·kg−1·day−1) without supplemental nutrients on these outcomes. Wounds were created in healthy adults by removing the top layer of less than or equal to eight forearm blisters induced via suction, after adequate sleep (AS) or 48 h of a 72-h sleep restriction period (SR; 2-h nightly sleep). A subset of participants undergoing sleep restriction received supplemental nutrients during and after sleep restriction (SR+). Wound fluid was serially sampled 48 h postblistering to assess local cytokine responses. The IL-8 response of wound fluid was higher for AS compared with SR [area-under-the-curve (log10), 5.1 ± 0.2 and 4.9 ± 0.2 pg/ml, respectively; P = 0.03]; and both IL-6 and IL-8 concentrations were higher for SR+ compared with SR ( P < 0.0001), suggestive of a potentially enhanced early wound healing response. Skin barrier recovery was shorter for AS (4.2 ± 0.9 days) compared with SR (5.0 ± 0.9 days) ( P = 0.02) but did not differ between SR and SR+ ( P = 0.18). Relatively modest sleep disruption delays wound healing. Supplemental nutrition may mitigate some decrements in local immune responses, without detectable effects on wound healing rate. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The data herein characterizes immune function in response to sleep restriction in healthy volunteers with and without nutrition supplementation. We used a unique skin wound model to show that sleep restriction delays skin barrier recovery, and nutrition supplementation attenuates decrements in local immune responses produced by sleep restriction. These findings support the beneficial effects of adequate sleep on immune function. Additional studies are necessary to characterize practical implications for populations where sleep restriction is unavoidable.

scholarly journals Severe Sleep Restriction Suppresses Appetite Independent of Effects on Food Intake-Regulating Hormones

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1672-1672
Author(s):  
Patrick Radcliffe ◽  
Claire Whitney ◽  
Heather Fagnant ◽  
Marques Wilson ◽  
Tracey Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Peptide Yy ◽  
Sleep Restriction ◽  
Us Army ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Time Interaction ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Prospective Consumption

Abstract Objectives Several nights of moderate (4–5 hr/night) sleep restriction increases appetite and energy intake, and may alter circulating concentrations of food intake-regulating hormones. Whether more severe sleep restriction has similar effects is undetermined. This study aimed to determine the effects of severe, short-term sleep restriction on appetite and food intake-regulating hormones. Methods Randomized, crossover study in which 18 healthy men (mean ± SD: BMI 24.4 ± 2.3 kg/m2, 20 ± 2 yr) were assigned to three consecutive nights of sleep restriction (SR; 2 hr sleep/night) or adequate sleep (AS; 7–9 hr sleep/night) with controlled feeding and activity throughout the 3-day period. On day 4, participants consumed a standardized breakfast. Appetite ratings, and circulating ghrelin, peptide-YY (PYY), glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1), insulin, and glucose concentrations were measured before and for 4hr after the meal. Ad libitum energy and macronutrient intakes were then measured at a provided buffet lunch. Results Median PYY (–21%) and GLP-1 (–14%) concentrations were lower, and median glucose (3%) concentrations were higher after SR relative to after AS (main effect of condition, P &lt; 0.05; condition-by-time interaction, P = NS). Ghrelin and insulin did not differ between conditions. Mean hunger (–23%), desire to eat (–23%), and prospective consumption (–18%) ratings were all lower, and mean fullness (27%) ratings were higher after SR relative to after AS (main effect of condition, P &lt; 0.05; condition-by-time interaction, P = NS). Ad libitum energy intake at the lunch meal was 14% lower after SR relative to after AS (–332 kcal [95% CI: −479, −185] P &lt; 0.001), but macronutrient composition did not differ. Conclusions In contrast with reported effects of moderate sleep restriction, severe sleep restriction reduced appetite and energy intake. Appetite suppression was likely not due to the observed differences in food intake-regulating hormones as sleep-restriction induced reductions in PYY and GLP-1 concentrations would be expected to increase appetite. Funding Sources US Army MRDC. Authors’ views do not reflect official DoD or Army policy.

NATURAL COSMETICS IN THE CARE OF YOUNG CHILDREN

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 155-162
Author(s):  
O.B. Tamrazova ◽  
◽  
S.P. Seleznev ◽  
A.V. Tamrazova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Barrier ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Transepidermal Water Loss ◽  
General Information ◽  
Skin Barrier Function ◽  
Skin Physiology ◽  
Main Emphasis ◽  
Antimicrobial Protection ◽  
Irritant Dermatitis ◽  
Adaptive Shifts

The article provides general information about the skin physiology of newborns and infants. Structural features of the skin and main adaptive shifts in newborns, are described. Тhe child has an increase in the skin barrier function of the skin, which prevents transepidermal water loss; active synthesis of natural moisturizing factor (NMF) components that control skin hydration; shift of pH to acidic environment; normalization of thermoregulatory functions; enhancement of the photoprotective function; immune restructuring for antimicrobial protection; formation of a normal microbiome. The article describes the consequences of improper skin care of a newborn, using the example of diaper dermatitis, irritant dermatitis, prickly heat and vesiculopustulosis. The importance of using specialized children's cosmetics in caring for an infant is assessed. The basic recommendations for the choice of these products are presented, where the main emphasis is on the choice of products consisting of natural ingredients. Giving preference to natural cosmetics, everyone should carefully study the composition of these products and trust the manufacturers who can guarantee safety of care products for the youngest children.

Expedited Resolution of 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Erythema and Barrier Dysfunction with White Petrolatum

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-282
Author(s):  
Melody Maarouf ◽  
Bryan Kromenacker ◽  
Eric Brucks ◽  
Vivian Shi
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Patient Adherence ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Transepidermal Water Loss ◽  
Petroleum Jelly ◽  
Barrier Dysfunction ◽  
Exposed Skin ◽  
Risk Of Progression

Actinic keratoses (AK) are precancerous lesions that develop on chronically sun-exposed skin. They frequently require prophylactic field treatment due to the risk of progression to squamous cell carcinoma. Topical treatment with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) yields near complete AK resolution, yet leaves a patient with an exuberant erythematous treatment site, which may be embarrassing and/or uncomfortable. We report a case of a patient with diffuse facial AK who was treated with 5-FU twice daily for 2 weeks, resulting in fiery-red erythema and disrupted barrier indices. Application of pure ultra white petroleum jelly, an emollient preferred by dermatologists for post-operative wound healing, resulted in drastic decreased erythema and recovery time of post-treatment transepidermal water loss and hydration, compared to the contralateral, non-petrolatum-treated side. Additionally, petrolatum use did not disrupt the AK resolution endpoint. We suggest that petroleum jelly be used for the repair of 5-FU-induced barrier disruption and erythema to promote greater patient adherence. 

scholarly journals Skin Barrier Function in Psoriasis and Atopic Dermatitis: Transepidermal Water Loss and Temperature as Useful Tools to Assess Disease Severity

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trinidad Montero-Vilchez ◽  
María-Victoria Segura-Fernández-Nogueras ◽  
Isabel Pérez-Rodríguez ◽  
Miguel Soler-Gongora ◽  
Antonio Martinez-Lopez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Skin Barrier ◽  
Transepidermal Water Loss ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Psoriatic Skin ◽  
Skin Barrier Function ◽  
Healthy Controls

Multiple diagnostic tools are used to evaluate psoriasis and atopic dermatitis (AD) severity, but most of them are based on subjective components. Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and temperature are skin barrier function parameters that can be objectively measured and could help clinicians to evaluate disease severity accurately. Thus, the aims of this study are: (1) to compare skin barrier function between healthy skin, psoriatic skin and AD skin; and (2) to assess if skin barrier function parameters could predict disease severity. A cross-sectional study was designed, and epidermal barrier function parameters were measured. The study included 314 participants: 157 healthy individuals, 92 psoriatic patients, and 65 atopic dermatitis patients. TEWL was significantly higher, while stratum corneum hydration (SCH) (8.71 vs. 38.43 vs. 44.39 Arbitrary Units (AU)) was lower at psoriatic plaques than at uninvolved psoriatic skin and healthy controls. Patients with both TEWL > 13.85 g·m−2h−1 and temperature > 30.85 °C presented a moderate/severe psoriasis (psoriasis area severity index (PASI) ≥ 7), with a specificity of 76.3%. TEWL (28.68 vs. 13.15 vs. 11.60 g·m−2 h−1) and temperature were significantly higher, while SCH (25.20 vs. 40.95 vs. 50.73 AU) was lower at AD eczematous lesions than uninvolved AD skin and healthy controls. Patients with a temperature > 31.75 °C presented a moderate/severe AD (SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) ≥ 37) with a sensitivity of 81.8%. In conclusion, temperature and TEWL values may help clinicians to determine disease severity and select patients who need intensive treatment.

scholarly journals Treatment of atopic dermatitis using non-thermal atmospheric plasma in an animal model

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ik Jun Moon ◽  
Mi Ra Yun ◽  
Hae Kyeong Yoon ◽  
Keon Hee Lee ◽  
Sun Young Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Skin Barrier ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Transepidermal Water Loss ◽  
Atmospheric Plasma ◽  
Therapeutic Modality ◽  
Skin Barrier Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Epidermal Thickness

AbstractCold atmospheric plasma (CAP) has been incorporated into various fields, including promotion of cutaneous wound healing. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic cutaneous condition characterized by inflammation-induced skin wounds and impaired skin barrier function. To investigate whether CAP may improve AD using an animal model. Dermatophagoides farinae extracts (DFE)-induced murine models of AD were used in this study. The plasma-treated group received a total of 6 CAP treatments during 2 weeks, while the control group did not receive any treatment. Differences in dermatitis severity, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), serum level of immunoglobulin (Ig) E and epidermal thickness were evaluated in both groups. The dermatitis severity was significantly improved by CAP treatment. TEWL was lower in the plasma-treated group compared with the non-treated control group. Serum Ig E dropped significantly after treatment with CAP. Difference in epidermal thickness of the ear skin was not significant between the plasma-treated and non-treated groups. Localized treatment of AD with CAP decreases dermatitis severity, TEWL, and serum Ig E level. These results show CAP’s potentials as a novel therapeutic modality for AD.

Recent perspectives of nanotechnology in burn wounds management: a review

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 350-370
Author(s):  
Ruan Na ◽  
Tian Wei
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Wound Closure ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Skin Barrier ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Qualitative Studies ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Burn Wounds ◽  
The Us ◽  
Efficacious Drug

Objective: The burden of the management of problematic skin wounds characterised by a compromised skin barrier is growing rapidly. Almost six million patients are affected in the US alone, with an estimated market of $25 billion annually. There is an urgent requirement for efficient mechanism-based treatments and more efficacious drug delivery systems. Novel strategies are needed for faster healing by reducing infection, moisturising the wound, stimulating the healing mechanisms, speeding up wound closure and reducing scar formation. Methods: A systematic review of qualitative studies was conducted on the recent perspectives of nanotechnology in burn wounds management. Pubmed, Scopus, EMBASE, CINAHL and PsychINFO databases were all systematically searched. Authors independently rated the reporting of the qualitative studies included. A comprehensive literature search was conducted covering various resources up to 2018–2019. Traditional techniques aim to simply cover the wound without playing any active role in wound healing. However, nanotechnology-based solutions are being used to create multipurpose biomaterials, not only for regeneration and repair, but also for on-demand delivery of specific molecules. The chronic nature and associated complications of nonhealing wounds have led to the emergence of nanotechnology-based therapies that aim at facilitating the healing process and ultimately repairing the injured tissue. Conclusion: Nanotechnology-based therapy is in the forefront of next-generation therapy that is able to advance wound healing of hard-to-heal wounds. In this review, we will highlight the developed nanotechnology-based therapeutic agents and assess the viability and efficacy of each treatment. Herein we will explore the unmet needs and future directions of current technologies, while discussing promising strategies that can advance the wound-healing field

scholarly journals The Effectiveness Test of Oil Phase Ointment Containing Snakehead Fish (Channa striata) Extract on Open Stage II Acute Wounded Wistar Strain Male Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fransisca Daisa ◽  
Mohamad Andrie ◽  
Wintari Taurina
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Wound Healing Process ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Healing Power ◽  
Channa Striata

The snakehead (Channa striata) contained fatty acids omega-3 and omega-6 are useful as nutrients in accelerating the wound healing process. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the oil phase extract ointment snakehead in the healing of acute wounds open stage II. Testing the effectiveness of wound healing using 6 groups: normal, gel bioplacenton (positive control), ointment base (negative control), ointments snakehead extract oil phase concentration of 10; 20 and 40% of the 4 rats with acute wounds open stage II and observation until day 16 injury. The area of the wound was measured with the image J program Macbiophotonic, calculated% healing power, and AUC values. A statistical test to the total AUC values per rat with SPSS for Windows 22.0 program using One Way ANOVA and Post-hoc LSD test. The results showed a significant difference in the negative group with ointment concentration of 20% (p <0.05). The treatment group phase ointment fish oil extract is effective for wound healing is best to have a concentration of 20% for percentage of wound healing power of 97.157% and the average AUC value of 865.683% of the day.

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