scholarly journals Period poverty in rural Uganda; an exploration of the challenges and the need for intervention

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Kennedy ◽  
J Severe
Keyword(s):  
Community Setting ◽  
Female Education ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Intervention Programme ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Year ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
The Common ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
Academic Year

Abstract Background Period poverty refers to a lack of access to safe means of managing menstruation. It affects the education, health and dignity of millions of women and girls globally. This study aims to identify the barriers facing menstruating girls in rural Uganda, investigate the effects of period poverty in this demographic and assess the need to implement a programme to tackle challenges identified. Methods A qualitative study was undertaken in a community setting. 42 Participants were selected in Bududa, Uganda using convenience sampling. School-age girls supported by The Shelo Foundation (charity no.1155142) who had begun menstruating and adults in positions of responsibility in the community were interviewed to gain a cross sectional understanding of the questions posed. Data was collected prospectively in semi-structured interviews over a four-week period in July 2013. Questions focused on access to essential hygiene materials, challenges faced when menstruating (with a focus on accessing education) and possible solutions to the barriers reported. Interview transcripts were analysed; the common concepts were identified, and conclusions drawn from the results. Results Inability to access sanitation products, due to financial poverty and local availability, was the main challenge highlighted throughout the analysis of the interview transcripts. The other common themes included lack of suitable hygiene facilities, absence of education on menstruation and the vulnerability of menstruating girls to abuse and stigma. Analysis found that on average girls were missing three days of school a month due to their periods, equalling 18% of the academic year. Conclusions Period poverty disadvantages school-aged females in Bududa, Uganda. Financial poverty, lack of education and stigma contribute to period poverty. An intervention programme including accessible sanitation products and education is recommended to tackle this gender inequality for girls in this population. Key messages A lack of sanitation products, subpar education and stigma contribute to period poverty in Uganda and negatively impact female education with menstruating students missing up to 18% of a school year. An intervention programme incorporating access to sanitation products alongside education is recommended to tackle period poverty in this population and improve women’s health and female education.

scholarly journals An Exploratory Study of Students’ Indiscipline at Islamic University in Uganda

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-95
Author(s):  
Amina Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Survey Design ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Law Faculty ◽  
The Status ◽  
School Rules ◽  
The Common ◽  
Faculty Of Education ◽  
The University ◽  
Academic Year

The study explored the common students’ indiscipline at Islamic University in Uganda. The study was quantitative and a cross-sectional survey design was used. The population of the study was 3,486 registered students in the academic year 2019/2020. They were selected from the Faculty of Education, Faculty of Management Studies, Faculty of Law, Faculty of Social Sciences, and Faculty of Science. A sample of 265 respondents was selected for the study using proportionate and random sampling. The mean score was computed to analyse the data. To conclude, the point range of the arithmetic mean was considered. The study found that the common indiscipline among learners in IUIU included disrespect to teachers and school rules and regulations, theft, and irregular attendance. The study recommended IUIU administration improves staff remuneration to change the status of the teachers. Furthermore, the administration needs to tighten security in the university and residents need to take care of their property to avoid theft. The researcher also recommended that a study should be carried out to find out the cause of students’ irregular attendance

scholarly journals Evaluation of a sitting light volleyball intervention: a social-ecological approach

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ka Man Leung ◽  
Pak-Kwong Chung ◽  
William Chu
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Ecological Model ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Community Setting ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Intervention Programme ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
The Government

Abstract Background This study was part of a 15-week sitting light volleyball (SLVB) intervention programme which examined the effectiveness of the intervention on physical and psychological attributes of people with physical disabilities (PWPD) in Hong Kong. Gaining an in-depth understanding of the perceptions and experiences of PWPD in the SLVB intervention is critical to further develop SLVB as a PA intervention and sport. This qualitative study explored and examined the association between the SLVB intervention elements and outcomes. Methods Using a social–ecological model (SEM), the participants’ experiences regarding the intervention were assessed and the suitability and feasibility of the SLVB intervention elements were examined. Twenty participants (mean age = 53.52 years standard deviation (SD = 9.02), 60% female participants; 25% had at least a college degree) attended our semi-structured interviews. Results Using thematic analysis, their experiences at the individual or intrapersonal level (improved health and well-being, enjoyment, novelty, competence autonomy, and self-regulation when playing SLVB); relationship or interpersonal levels (teamwork, social support, socialization, and communication); perceived environment level (comfort, privacy, spaciousness, and accessibility concerns); community or organizational level (safety, dissemination of information, and community facilities); and policy level (resources allocation by the government) were obtained. The participants also commented on the suitability of the SLVB intervention for PWPD, contents and coaching, modified rules, duration of session and scheduling, and number of participants and coaches. Conclusion This qualitative study identified several primary drivers and barriers for engaging PWPD in SLVB, and demonstrated that adopting a multilevel approach to our SLVB intervention has positive outcomes. Our results can facilitate the development of the experiential aspects of SLVB and indicate the suitability and feasibility of organizing SLVB-related activities in a community setting in the future.

scholarly journals Prevalence of ocular morbidities among paediatric patients attending Ophthalmology OPD in MKCG Medical College Hospital, Berhampur, Odisha, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 409
Author(s):  
Jyotshna Rani Sahoo ◽  
Dhaneswari Jena ◽  
Nivedita Karmee ◽  
Radha Madhab Tripathy ◽  
Pallavi Priyadarsani Sahu
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Error ◽  
Ocular Trauma ◽  
Ocular Infection ◽  
Intervention Programme ◽  
Development Education ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
The Common

Background: Ocular morbidities in children can have a serious impact on development, education and quality of life in children hence require prompt attention. This study was conducted with an objective to determine the pattern of ocular morbidity in children less than 15 years of age presenting in the Outpatient Department (OPD) of MKCG Medical College, Berhampur.Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study was carried out from August 2016 to January 2017 among 282 children. Data was collected by using a semi structured questionnaire after taking informed consent and analyzed.Results: Majority were in the age group of 10-14 years (55.3%). The common presenting symptoms were blurred vision (29.1%) and headache (7.8%). The common ocular morbidities reported were refractive error (34%), ocular infection (13.5%), ocular trauma (9.9%), allergic conjunctivitis (9.2%). Refractive error was more prevalent in children of aged 11-14 years and ocular trauma in 5-9 years compared to children of the other age group.Conclusions: Majority of ocular morbidities are preventable and treatable. So early attention through eye screening and intervention programme at the community level is recommended.

Side Effects of Chemotherapy and Cancer Treatment in Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-78
Author(s):  
. Hemraj ◽  
Raj Kumar ◽  
Sourabh Kosey ◽  
Amit Sharma ◽  
Nalini Negi
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Informational Needs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clinical Pharmacists ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Related Information ◽  
The Common ◽  
Chemotherapy Patients

To determine the most common physical side effects experienced by local chemotherapy patients. Their perceptions of these side effects and informational needs from clinical pharmacists were also evaluated. This was a single center, observational cross-sectional study conducted at department of General Surgery, Guru Gobind Singh Medical College and Hospital, Faridkot, Punjab. A face to face interview was conducted. Information collected included chemotherapy related side effects after last chemotherapy experience, the most worrisome side effects, overlooked by healthcare professionals and the preferred method, amount and source of receiving related information. In this study, hundred patients were enrolled out of them 48 were male and 52 were female. When differential calculations was done, common side effects or adverse effects of chemotherapy in the patients of breast, lung cancer, Ovarian Cancer, Colon cancer, Prostate cancer, Lymphoma Cancer, Cervix cancer where there is much irregular medicine intake 57.4% may be due to common problem of joint pain reported by all the patients under study, with the consecutive problem of nausea and vomiting. The high prevalence of chemotherapy related side effects among local patients is a major concern and findings of their perceptions and informational needs may serve as a valuable guide for clinical pharmacists and physicians to help in side effect management. This study shows the common problems reported by the patients when they are suffering from cancer condition, according to their incidence perceptions as experienced by the patient, this will allow the physician and clinical pharmacist to effectively counsel and manage the common symptoms as reported prior to its occurrence in the patient, so that withdrawal can be checked.

STUDY OF PEDIATRIC INJURIES: PATTERNS AND OUTCOME

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasir. B. Elshambaty
Keyword(s):  
School Level ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Injury Patterns ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Injured Child ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pediatric Injuries ◽  
Pediatric Injury ◽  
The Common ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Purpose this study aims to show the patterns and outcome of pediatric injury among those living in Albaha region in Saudi Arabia Methods this is a cross-sectional descriptive household-based study, included children between 0-17 years old both male and female. The data were collected with structured questionnaire between 20 Nov – 20 Dec 2018 and  analyzed with SPSS version 25 Results the total of participants was 257 injured child. 199(77.4%) are male and 58(22.6%) are female. About 44%of them were injured at pre-school level and 56% were traumatized at school age. The least incidence of injury occurred in those less than 2 yrs and higher incidence in those between 3-10 yrs old. The most common mechanism of injury was falling from height. The most affected group age by RTA accidents was 11-17 yrs old. Approximately 83% of the injured children required hospital management. Only one third of the injuries were  associated complications. The most common injured anatomic part was the upper limb and the least affected part was the spine. Only 5% of the injuries were associated with a disability and the common was loss of organ or part of it. Paralysis occurred in less than 1% and head injury resulted in disabilities more than 1%. Conclusion the vast majority of the injuries in our participants are not serious. The severe injuries were associated with RTA-related trauma. Most of injuries due to falling from height are not serious. We recommend not to allow the children to drive cars. Keywords: pediatric injuries; injury patterns; household.

ANALISIS BIAYA KUALITAS DAN PRODUKTIVITAS PADA MAHASISIWA UNIVERSITAS ISLAM 45

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-257
Author(s):  
Anisa Putri
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Quality Cost ◽  
Productivity Costs ◽  
School Year ◽  
Quality Costs ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Cost ◽  
New Student ◽  
Academic Year

The aim to be achieved in this study is to analyze the quality and productivity costs of case studies at the Islamic University of 45 Bekasi. The research method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method. The location of the study was conducted at the Islamic University of 45 Bekasi. The data used is secondary data from the financial statements of Islamic University of 45 Bekasi in the academic year 2013/2014. Methods of data collection using interviews and observation. The highest quality cost discussion results are prevention costs at the cost of seminars and training for lecturers as much as Rp. 450,561,400, -. The lowest quality cost is the assessment fee at the cost of lecturer accreditation of Rp. 1,925,000, -. The percentage of quality costs is 2.1% smaller than the fairness of the total quality costs of 2.5%. The realization of the output of new student admissions was obtained in the 2013/2014 school year as many as 1,339 people. Total students 6,364 people. The study period is more than 4 years and has not graduated as many as 992 people. Failure costs as much as 16% of total students. Realization of financial output was achieved in the amount of Rp. 39,384,232,556, - ​​Input Rp. 35,606,307,800, - used to obtain output. Company productivity is efficient because output is greater than input. Company productivity is effective because the company achieves financial goals by obtaining a surplus of Rp. 3,777,924,756, - The conclusion that can be drawn is that quality costs are able to obtain output in the form of income exceeding its input value so that productivity is efficient and effective and surplus.

Obesity in relation to risk factors and socioeconomic conditions among school-age children at Khartoum State 2011/2012

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 413-416
Author(s):  
Dr. Suzan Ail Yousif Abo* ,Dr. ALI abdalazez Salih
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Anthropometric Measurement ◽  
Socioeconomic Conditions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Year ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Class Room ◽  
Watching Tv

This is a descriptive cross-sectional study that was carried out at Khartoum Stateduring the school year 20112/2012 to estimate the prevalence of obesity among schoolchildren aged 6-15 years and to investigate the relationship between BMI (Body MassIndex) and socioeconomic status and life style factors. Two hundred and fifty pupilsparticipated in this study. The researcher took the anthropometric measurement insidethe class room and gave the questionnaire the students to be answered by one of child’sparents. The data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences(SPSS Version 13.0).In this study, prevalence of obesity was found to be (48%) of them 18% males and 30%females. Income of the family, number of high caloric carbonated beverages/week, wayof transportation to school, length of daily playing outside the home, and time spentin watching TV and video games were significantly correlated with student’s BMI.While parent’s BMI was not having significant correlation with student’s BMI.This study is considered as the first study in its field regarding this age category inKhartoum State, and it is promoting future researches in obesity and its determinant.Key words: Obesity in relation to risk factors and socioeconomic conditions amongschool-age children

Comparison of Heffner Criteria and Light Criteria in Differentiating Exudative and Transudative Pleural Effusion

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-145
Author(s):  
Krishna Chandra Devkota ◽  
S Hamal ◽  
PP Panta
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pleural Space ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Exudative Pleural Effusion

Pleural effusion is present when there is >15ml of fluid is accumulated in the pleural space. It can be divided into two types; exudative and transudative pleural effusion. Tuberculosis and parapneumonic effusion are the common cause of exudative pleural effusion whereas heart failure accounts for most of the cases of transudative pleural effusion. This study was a hospital based cross sectional study performed at Nepal Medical College during the period of January 2016-December 2016. A total of 50 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled. Pleural effusion was confirmed by clinical examination and radiology. After confirmation of pleural effusion, pleural fluid was aspirated and was analysed for protein, LDH, cholesterol. The Heffner criteria was compared with Light criteria to classify exudative or transudative pleural effusion. Among 50 patients, 30 were male and 20 were female. The mean age of patient was 45.4±21.85 years. The sensitivity and specificity of using Light criteria to detect the two type of pleural effusion was 100% and 90.9%, whereas using Heffner criteria was 94.87%, 100% respectively(P<0.01). There are variety of causes for development of pleural effusion and no one criteria is definite to differentiate between exudative or transudative effusion. In this study Light criteria was more sensitive whereas Heffner criteria was more specific to classify exudative pleural effusion. Hence a combination of criteria might be useful in case where there is difficulty to identify the cause of pleural effusion.

UPAYA MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR PPKn DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL BRAIN BASED LEARNING SISWA KELAS VIIB SMP NEGERI 16 REJANG LEBONG BENGKULU TAHUN AJARAN 2019/2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rizki Oktiana Sakti ◽  
Supri Hartanto
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Learning Achievement ◽  
School Year ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Success Indicators ◽  
Improve Student Achievement ◽  
Classroom Action Research ◽  
Brain Based Learning ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
Academic Year

Abstrak Penelitian Tindakan Kelas ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui upaya meningkatkan prestasi belajar PPKn dengan menggunkan model Brain Based Learning Kelas VII B SMP Negeri 16 Rejang Lebong Bengkulu Tahun Ajaran 2019/2020. Penelitian dilakukan di Kabupaten Rejang Lebong Bengkulu pada tahun pelajaran 2019/2020 di Kelas VII B dengan jumlah 26 siswa (Laki-laki 11 dan Perempuan 15). Penelitian Tindakan Kelas ini menggunkan siklus model Kermmis dan Mc Taggart yaitu rencana, tindakan, pengamatan dan refleksi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, tes evaluasi, wawancara, dokumentasi. Teknik Analisi Data menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif yaitu terjadi peningkatan prestasi belajar dari pra siklus. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa upaya untuk meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa kelas VII B SMP Negeri 16 Rejang Lebong Bengkulu dengan menggunakan model Brain Based Learninghasil jumlah perhitungan pra siklus dengan persentase ketuntasan sebesar 50,00%, pada siklus I mengalami peningkatan tuntas dengan persentase 57,69%, dan pada siklus II mengalami kenaikan kembali dengan presentase 65,38%. Sesuai dengan KKM 70 dan Indikator keberhasilan 60% dengan hasil yang diperoleh di siklus II maka, Penelitian Tindakan Kelas ini dihentikan karena prestasi belajar siswa meningkat dan sudah mencapai indikator keberhasilan yang telah ditentukan. Kata Kunci : Prestasi Belajar, PPKn Brain Based Learning Abstract This Classroom Action Research aims to determine efforts to improve PPKn learning achievement by using the Class VII B Brain Based Learning model of SMP Negeri 16 Rejang Lebong Bengkulu for the 2019/2020 academic year. The research was conducted in Rejang Lebong Bengkulu Regency in the 2019/2020 school year in Class VII B with a total of 26 students (male 11 and female 15). This Classroom Action Research uses the Kermmis and Mc Taggart model cycle, namely planning, acting, observing and reflecting. Data collection was carried out by observation, evaluation tests, interviews, documentation. The data analysis technique used quantitative descriptive, namely an increase in learning achievement from the pre-cycle. The results of the study concluded that efforts to improve student achievement in class VII B SMP Negeri 16 Rejang Lebong Bengkulu using the Brain Based Learningmodel resulted in the number of pre-cycle calculations with a completeness percentage of 50.00%, in the first cycle experienced an increase in completeness with a percentage of 57.69% , and in the second cycle it increased again with a percentage of 65.38%. In accordance with KKM 70 and success indicators of 60% with the results obtained in cycle II, this Classroom Action Research was stopped because student learning achievement had increased and had reached predetermined success indicators. Keywords: Learning Achievement, PPKn Brain Based Learning

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