scholarly journals A case-control study on physical activity of teenagers with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Marinov ◽  
E Valtcheva
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Medical Documentation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Physical Functions ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Background Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis affects 2-3% of all teenagers. It is one of the most common chronic conditions in this age group, but studies on the physical activity (PA) of AIS patients are scarce. The available trials report conflicting findings when comparing the PA of children with AIS to healthy controls. Considering its possible role in the development of AIS and the potential benefits of PA, the topic should be further researched. This study aims to investigate the subject by comparing the physical activity of children with AIS to a group of healthy peers. Methods The study included 80 teenagers (aged 11-18 years) with AIS and 65 healthy age and gender-matched controls from Varna, Bulgaria. Data was collected after receiving informed consent from the parents. Children with chronic conditions (except AIS) were excluded. Information on AIS was taken from the available medical documentation. Data on PA during the last 7 days was collected via a standardized physical activity questionnaire for adolescents (PAQ-A). PAQ-A results vary from 1 (lowest PA) to 5 (highest PA). PAQ-A=2.75 has been found to correspond to the minimum recommended by WHO for this age group - 60mins of daily moderate to vigorous PA. Results None of the participants with AIS reported reduced PA due to impaired or restricted physical functions. The majority of children (78.8%) had mild scoliotic curvatures (Cobb angle 10°-20°). The mean PAQ-A score in AIS cases was 2.59 compared to 2.88 in controls. There was a statistically significant difference in PAQ-A score between the two groups (t = 2.722, p < 0.001). 59% of AIS had a PAQ-A score under 2.75, indicating that they do not meet the minimum PA recommendation by WHO, compared to 31% of the control group. Conclusions Patients with AIS have significantly lower PA than their healthy peers. The majority of children with AIS do not meet the minimum PA recommendations by the WHO. Key messages Our study reveals that children with AIS and mild curvatures have lower PA than their healthy peers despite not reporting impaired or restricted physical functions. Future prospective studies should investigate whether PA plays a role in the etiology of AIS.

scholarly journals A case-control study on body composition of teenagers with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Marinov ◽  
T Dimitrova
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Medical Documentation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Background Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is the most common form of spinal abnormality. It affects about 2-3% of all teenagers. Its etiology remains unknown but studies suggest that multiple factors may play a role. A growing body of evidence supports the role of body composition abnormalities including low body mass index (BMI) and low body fat percentage (BF%) as risk factors for AIS development. This study aimed to evaluate these indicators in a group of teenagers with AIS and compare them to age and gender-matched controls. Methods The study included 98 adolescents with AIS and 73 controls aged 11-18 years from Varna, Bulgaria. Data was collected after receiving informed consent from the parents. Data on AIS diagnosis and severity was collected from the available medical documentation. Anthropometrics were measured using calibrated Tanita BC-420MA (ISSO 9001) and following ESPEN guidelines. BMI for age and BF% for age were estimated using WHO Child Growth Standards and BF% reference curves for children. Results In the AIS group, 15% were underweight with BMI for age under -2SD. 11% were above +1SD indicating a risk of overweight or obesity. In comparison, 7% of the control group were underweight while 32% were at risk of being overweight or obese. There is a statistically significant difference between the BMI for age in the two groups (χ2=19.564 Đ¿рĐ, p < 0.005). In the AIS group, 47% had BF% for age under the 2nd percentile indicating underfat, while 7% of AIS cases had BF% for age above the 85th percentile indicating they are overfat or obese. In comparison, 15% of the control group were underfat while 19% were overfat or obese. There is a statistically significant difference between the BF% for age in the two groups (χ2=21,504 Đ¿рĐ, p < 0.001). Conclusions Children with AIS are more likely to be underweight and underfat compared to their healthy peers. Cases of having a high BF% and being overweight or obese are scarce amongst AIS patients. Key messages The majority of children with AIS have abnormal body composition compared to healthy age and gender-matched controls. Aspects of the nutritional status may play a role in the etiology of AIS. Children with low body fat might be at a higher risk of developing AIS. AIS screening programs should be directed towards underweight children.

scholarly journals Abnormal Osteoblastic Response to Leptin in Patients with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gene Chi-Wai Man ◽  
Elisa Man-Shan Tam ◽  
Yi Shun Wong ◽  
Vivian Wing-Ying Hung ◽  
Zongshan Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Functional Responses ◽  
Osteoblastic Activity ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractAdolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a complex three-dimensional structural deformity of the spine with unknown etiology. Although leptin has been postulated as one of the etiologic factors in AIS, its effects on osteoblastic activity remain unknown. Herein, we conducted this study to investigate whether there are abnormal functional responses to leptin and abnormal expression of leptin receptor in AIS osteoblasts. In vitro assays were performed with osteoblasts isolated from 12 severe AIS girls and 6 non-AIS controls. The osteoblasts were exposed to different concentrations of leptin (0, 10, 100, 1000 ng/mL). The effects of leptin on cell proliferation, differentiation and mineralization were determined. Protein expressions of leptin receptor (LEP-R) under basal and osteogenic conditions were also evaluated by Western blot. Our results showed that leptin significantly stimulated osteoblasts from non-AIS subjects to proliferate, differentiate and mineralized. However, in the AIS group, the stimulatory effects of leptin on cell proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization were not observed. In addition, no statistically significant difference in the expression of leptin receptor under both basal and osteogenic conditions was found between AIS and control group. In conclusion, these findings might help to explain the low bone mass and deranged bone quality that is clinically associated with AIS girls.

scholarly journals Abnormal Skeletal Growth Patterns in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 80-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Houria Kaced ◽  
Belabbassi Hanene ◽  
Assia Haddouche
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Growth Spurt ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) occurs among children during their pubertal growth spurt. Although there is no clear consensus on the difference in body height between AIS and healthy controls, it is generally thought that the development and curve progression in patients with AIS is closely associated with their growth rate. Our aim is to compare the anthropometric parameters of children with AIS and those of a control   group within different age groups ranging from 9 to 16 years old. Methods: It is a prospective, cross-sectional, case-control study which include 431children, 258 girls, 110 with AIS and 148 healthy controls, whereas in the group of males 173, 49 have AIS and 124 don’t have deformity. Anthropometric parameters, clinical examination of the trunk and radiological assessment of the spine are records. The statistical analysis is performed using SPSS package. Children are examined from a school-screening program in our physical medicine department in the university hospital of Douera in Algiers. Measurements are assessed, including anthropometric parameters (body height, body weight, secondary sexual characters using Tanner stage, puberty age), trunk asymmetry and Cobb angle of scoliosis. Results: Girls with AIS are generally taller, with a higher weight than the healthy controls with a significant difference at the age of 12 years old. Otherwise, boys with AIS aged of 14 years are significantly taller than their controls. Conclusion: The growth patterns in terms of tallness with AIS are significantly different from healthy controls at the ages of 12 for girls and 14 for boys.

Feasibility and effects of 6-month home-based digitally supported E-Fit program utilizing high-intensity interval exercises in girls with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a randomized controlled pilot study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
RWL Lau ◽  
KY Cheuk ◽  
EMS Tam ◽  
SSC Hui ◽  
JCY Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Interaction Effect ◽  
Home Based ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients have lower physical activities when compared with healthy controls, and are associated with lower bone mineral density (BMD), muscle strength and poorer quality of life (QoL). We aimed to assess the feasibility and effects of 6-month home-based digitally supported E-Fit comprised of high-intensity interval exercises for AIS patients. 40 AIS girls aged 11-14 were randomly assigned to E-Fit or control group. E-Fit group participated in an online 6-month home-based exercise program. At baseline, 6-months and 12-months follow-up, BMD using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, muscle functions, physical activity using Modified Baecke Questionnaire (MBQ), and QoL using Scoliosis Research Society-22 (SRS-22r) and feedback questionnaire were investigated. 14 in E-Fit and 16 in control group completed the study. Both groups had similar baseline characteristics. At 6-months, E-Fit group showed better improvement and significant interaction effect in left femoral neck bone mineral content (p=0.021) and isometric curl up test (p=0.04). Left arm lean mass showed better improvement between 6-months and 12-months follow-up (p=0.046) and whole-body areal BMD had significant interaction effect at 12-months follow-up (p=0.077). Improvement on self-image, work and sports participation were noted in E-Fit group across time. 70% of E-Fit participants were positive towards domestic application via online platform. E-Fit showed some benefits on bone health, muscle functions, physical activity and QoL measures. Current study indicated some potential physical and psychological benefits of E-Fit for AIS girls. E-Fit was feasible to conduct online at home and might have value of promoting exercise habits among relatively inactive AIS girls.

An 18-month follow-up study on the effect of a neuromuscular stabilization technique on Cobb’s angle in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: A single-blind, age-matched controlled trial

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Sang-Hee Won ◽  
Duck-Won Oh ◽  
Min Shen
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Home Exercise ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Cobb’S Angle ◽  
Stabilization Technique

BACKGROUND: The benefits of spinal realignment and stabilization in scoliosis need to be examined. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate the long-term effect of a neuromuscular stabilization technique (NST) on Cobb’s angle in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. METHODS: Twenty females recruited from two hospitals participated in this study. On the basis of convenience of location, participants were allocated to either the experimental group (EG) that underwent the NST, or the control group (CG) that received education for a home exercise program. The NST for the EG was performed for an average of 30 min per session, three times a week for six months, and consisted of spinal realignment and stabilization. Then, 12- and 18-month measurements for long-term follow-ups were conducted for the EG. The outcome measure was Cobb’s angle. RESULTS: Between-group comparison revealed a statistically significant difference at post-test (t=-3.26, p< 0.01) but not pre-test (t=-1.36, p= 0.19). Participants of the EG (-6.20 ± 2.49∘) showed greater differences between pre- and post-test scores compared to participants of the CG (-1.40 ± 0.52∘) (p< 0.05). Within-group comparisons showed a significant difference in both groups (p< 0.05). In the EG, Cobb’s angle significantly changed across the follow-up sessions (p< 0.05), indicating more improvements by the 12-month (8.50 ± 4.03∘) and 18-month (6.60 ± 3.89∘) follow-ups. CONCLUSION: This study shows that the NST may be a beneficial option to correct spinal alignments in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

scholarly journals The impact of physical activity on children with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis from Varna, Bulgaria

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Marinov ◽  
T Dimitrova ◽  
D Najdenova
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Secondary Prophylaxis ◽  
Spinal Curvature ◽  
Ongoing Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is one of the most common chronic conditions in teenagers. There is an increasing amount of evidence suggesting that AIS is associated with low body mass, but the link between the condition and the nutritional status of the adolescents has not been well researched. This ongoing study aims to access the relationship between AIS and all the aspects of the nutritional status in-depth, including factors such as physical activity (PA). Methods Data is collected from 101 participants with AIS from Varna, Bulgaria using anthropometric measurements, clinical examination to determine the severity of the spinal curvature and questionnaires including a standardized questionnaire for PA of adolescents - PAQ-A. Participants were categorized into 3 groups of AIS severity according to Cobb Angle: mild (10°-19°), moderate (20°-39°) and severe (&gt;40°). Results Out of 101 participants, 81 had mild, 15 had moderate and 5 had severe scoliotic curvatures. None of the participants reported reduced PA due to impaired or restricted physical functions related to AIS. Only 40% of all subjects with AIS had PAQ-A score over 2.75, which corresponds to the international recommendations of &gt; 60 mins of daily moderate-vigorous PA. There was a strong negative correlation between PAQ-A score and AIS severity (Spearman's Correlation Coefficient = - .433, p &lt; 0.001). The mean PAQ-A score was 2.73 in mild curvatures compared to 1.98 in moderate and severe ones. Subjects with AIS were 4.8 times more likely to have mild severity if they met the PA recommendations (OR = 4,815 (95%CI, 1.268-18.279)). Those are preliminary results and data will be further compared to a control group. Conclusions The level of daily PA might have an impact on the severity of AIS. PA recommendations could be given to patients with AIS as a way of secondary prophylaxis against this chronic idiopathic disorder. Key messages This ongoing study is the first to investigate in-depth the association of all the aspects of nutritional status including PA with the incidence and severity of AIS. PA shows a significant negative correlation with AIS severity. PA recommendations might be a useful addition to the secondary prophylaxis of AIS.

The evaluation of nasal mucociliary clearance in patients with Helicobacter pylori infection

2019 ◽  
Vol 133 (03) ◽  
pp. 220-223
Author(s):  
S Üstün Bezgin ◽  
T Çakabay ◽  
K Irak ◽  
M Koçyiğit ◽  
B Serin Keskineğe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Mucociliary Clearance ◽  
Endoscopic Examination ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clearance Time ◽  
Saccharine Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Gender ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Nasal Mucociliary Clearance

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to examine nasal mucociliary clearance time in patients with Helicobacter pylori infection.MethodsFifty patients who were newly diagnosed with H pylori infection using gastric biopsy in the gastroenterology out-patient clinic, and 50 age- and gender-matched healthy adults who were admitted to the otorhinolaryngology out-patient clinic, were included in this study. After an otorhinolaryngological examination (anterior rhinoscopy and nasal endoscopic examination), the nasal mucociliary clearance time of each subject was calculated using the saccharine test.ResultsThe mean mucociliary clearance time was 06:29 ± 3:31 minutes (range, 00:55–15:19 minutes) in the control group and 10:12 ± 06:09 minutes (range, 01:28–32:00 minutes) in the study group. Comparisons of the two groups revealed a statistically significant difference (p = 0.002).ConclusionNasal mucociliary clearance time was significantly increased in patients with H pylori infection. The results suggest that H pylori infection may have an unfavourable effect on nasal mucociliary clearance.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Text Messaging as an Incentive to Maintain Physical Activity after Cardiac Rehabilitation: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6645
Author(s):  
Giulia Foccardi ◽  
Marco Vecchiato ◽  
Daniel Neunhaeuserer ◽  
Michele Mezzaro ◽  
Giulia Quinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiac Rehabilitation ◽  
Exercise Testing ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stand Test ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
Significant Difference

Although the efficacy of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is proven, the need to improve patients’ adherence has emerged. There are only a few studies that have investigated the effect of sending text messages after a CR period to stimulate subjects’ ongoing engagement in regular physical activity (PA). A randomized controlled pilot trial was conducted after CR, sending a daily PA text message reminder to an intervention group (IG), which was compared with a usual care control group (CG) during three months of follow-up. Thirty-two subjects were assessed pre- and post-study intervention with GPAQ, submaximal iso-watt exercise testing, a 30 s sit-to-stand test, a bilateral arm curl test, and a final survey on a seven-point Likert scale. A statistically significant difference in the increase of moderate PA time (Δ 244.7 (95% CI 189.1, 300.4) minutes, p < 0.001) and in the reduction of sedentary behavior time (Δ −77.5 (95% CI 104.9, −50.1) minutes, p = 0.004) was shown when the IG was compared with the CG. This was associated with an improvement in heart rate, blood pressure, and patients’ Borg rating on the category ratio scale 10 (CR10) in iso-watt exercise testing (all p < 0.05). Furthermore, only the IG did not show a worsening of the strength parameters in the follow-up leading to a change of the 30 s sit-to-stand test with a difference of +2.2 (95% CI 1.23, 3.17) repetitions compared to CG (p = 0.03). The telemedical intervention has been appreciated by the IG, whose willingness to continue with regular PA emerged to be superior compared to the CG. Text messages are an effective and inexpensive adjuvant after phase 2 CR that improves adherence to regular PA. Further studies are needed to confirm these results in a larger patient population and in the long term.

scholarly journals Peer-led exercise program for ageing adults to improve physical functions - a randomized trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Bouchard ◽  
J. V. Olthuis ◽  
V. Bouffard-Levasseur ◽  
C. Shannon ◽  
T. McDonald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Function ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Walk Test ◽  
Blood Draw ◽  
Chair Stand ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Physical Functions

Abstract Background A peer-led exercise program is one way to empower people sharing similar characteristics to encourage others to be active, but there is a lack of evidence that these programs have physical function and other benefits when delivered to ageing adults. Methods This randomized controlled trial lasting 12 weeks proposed an exercise peer-led program offered to 31 adults aged 50 and above, twice a week, by a trained leader of the same age from March to May 2019. The program was offered for free with limited space and equipment. Valid tests of physical function (e.g., 30-s chair stand, 6-min walk test) were used to assess the functional benefits. Psychosocial outcomes were assessed using self-reported questionnaires and metabolic outcomes via a fasted blood draw. Results A significant difference was found between pre-and post-values in most physical function tests in the intervention group (all p < 0.05). When adjusted for potential confounders, the intervention group was significantly associated with a more significant improvement on the chair stand test (ß = .26; p < 0.001; r2 = 0.26), the arm curl (ß = .29; p < 0.001; r2 = 0.49), as well as the 6-min walk test (ß = -.14; p < 0.001; r2 = 0.62) compared with the control group. Using repetitive measures generalized linear model, the interaction between the changes and the group was significant for all three tests. Benefits were also observed for participants’ stress level and perceived health in the intervention group compared to the control. Finally, no significant difference was observed between groups for metabolic health. Conclusions The current work suggests that a 12-week peer-led exercise program can improve physical function for adults age 50 and above. Trial registration NCT03799952(ClinicalTrials.gov) 12/20/2018.

scholarly journals A Study of Wideband Energy Reflectance in Patients with Otosclerosis: Data from a Chinese Population

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suju Wang ◽  
Wenyang Hao ◽  
Chunxiao Xu ◽  
Daofeng Ni ◽  
Zhiqiang Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resonance Frequency ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Ambient Pressure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Gender ◽  
And Control ◽  
Peak Pressures

Objective(s). The purpose of this study was to explore the effectiveness of wideband acoustic immittance (WAI) in the diagnosis of otosclerosis by comparing the differences in the energy reflectance (ER) of WAI between patients with otosclerosis and age- and gender-matched normal hearing controls in the Chinese population. Methods. Twenty surgically confirmed otosclerotic ears were included in the otosclerotic group. The ER of WAI at ambient and peak pressures, resonance frequency, and 226-Hz tympanogram were collected prior to surgery using a Titan hearing test platform (Interacoustics A/S, Middelfart, Denmark). All diagnoses of otosclerosis in the tested ear were confirmed by surgery after the measurements. Thirteen normal adults (26 ears) who were age- and gender-matched with the otosclerotic patients were included as the control group. Results. At peak pressure, the ERs of otosclerotic patients were higher than those of the control group for frequencies less than 4,000Hz and were lower for frequencies greater than 4,000Hz. In addition, within the analyzed frequencies, the differences observed at 2,520Hz was statistically significant (p<0.05/16=0.003, Bonferroni corrected). At ambient pressure, the differences observed at 1,260 and 6,350Hz were statistically significant (p<0.05/16=0.003, Bonferroni corrected). Although the differences between the otosclerotic and control groups exhibited similar trends to those in studies implemented in Caucasian populations, the norms in the present study in the control group were different from those in the Caucasian populations, suggesting racial differences in WAI test results. Regarding the middle ear resonance frequency, no significant difference was observed between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion. WAI can provide valuable information for the diagnosis of otosclerosis in the Chinese population. Norms and diagnostic criteria corresponding to the patient’s racial group are necessary to improve the efficiency of WAI in the diagnosis of otosclerosis.

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