scholarly journals Differential inhibitory potentials of three plant extracts against Dermestes maculatus Degeer and microorganisms in smoked catfish, Clarias gariepinus Burchell

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-208
Author(s):  
Olufunmilayo Eunice Ajayi ◽  
Oluwole Olakunle Oladele ◽  
Goodness Osehotue Fabunmi
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Dermestes Maculatus ◽  
Treated Fish ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

Abstract Objectives Three medicinal plants: Zingiber officinale rhizome, Allium sativum bulb, and Moringa oleifera seeds, were evaluated for progeny inhibition in fish beetle, Dermestes maculatus, and incidence of bacteria and fungi in smoked-dried Clarias gariepinus. Materials and Methods Cleaned C. gariepinus were separately soaked in extracts of these selected plants (50 g/1000 ml) for 60 min before smoke-drying in a mud kiln at 105°C and later divided into lots. Sensory evaluation was conducted on uninfested fishes in lot A while fishes in lot B was artificially infested with five pairs of newly emerged adult D. maculatus for 10 days. Number of emerged larva, adult insects, and incidence of microorganisms before and following 90 days in storage after infestation were used as indices of potency of the extracts. Results Results obtained showed that all the treated uninfested smoked-dried C. gariepinus retained high scores for taste, texture, aroma, and appearance within the first 5 weeks of storage after smoking when compared with the control. This implied that the tested extracts had no negative effect in terms of sensory attributes on the treated fish during storage and can therefore be used for fish preservation. Meanwhile, A. sativum among all the selected extracts had the least number of larvae (17.67 ± 1.45), adult (21.00 ± 1.53), fungi (9.00 × 102 ± 0.53 sfu/ml) and bacteria counts (11.33 ×102 ± 0.33 cfu/ml) following 90 days in storage after infestation. Conclusion Allium sativum among the tested extracts proved to be most effective and could be recommended for control of D. maculatus and microorganisms in smoked C. gariepinus.

Screening of Antioxidant and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities of Indian Medicinal Plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavan K. Mujawdiya ◽  
Suman Kapur
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Terminalia Arjuna ◽  
Terminalia Chebula ◽  
Albizia Lebbeck

Background and Objective: Chronic diseases are associated with low-grade inflammation and oxidative damage. Traditional medicines have been used to manage these disorders due to their high polyphenol content and potent antioxidant activity. We evaluated the in-vitro anti-diabetic and antioxidant potential of extracts of several medicinal plants namely, Mangifera indica, Terminalia arjuna, Moringa oleifera, Albizia lebbeck, Terminalia chebula and Hippophae rhamnoides. Methods: Total polyphenol, flavonoid, and saponin contents were estimated by standard methods. Antioxidant activity was measured using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay. The anti-diabetic potential was evaluated using in-vitro α-glucosidase inhibition assay. Results: Terminalia chebula was found to be the richest in both polyphenols (566.5 ± 21.9 μg Gallic acid equivalents/mg of dry weight) and flavonoids (190.67 ± 10.78 quercetin equivalents/mg of dry weight). Extract of Terminalia arjuna was the richest source of saponins (171.92 ± 12.48 μg saponin equivalents/mg of dry weight). All plant extracts showed potent anti-oxidant activity as reflected by their IC50 values in DPPH assay, with Albizia lebbeck (IC50 = 1.35 μg/ml) being the most potent. All plant extracts also showed potent anti-diabetic activity as inferred from their ability to inhibit α- glucosidase, the principal enzyme involved in the metabolism of dietary carbohydrates in the intestine. It was observed that all tested extracts were more potent (IC50 2.53 to 227 μg/ml) in comparison to the standard α-glucosidase inhibitor Acarbose (IC50=2.7 mg/ml). Conclusions: The plant extracts of Mangifera indica, Terminalia arjuna, Moringa oleifera, Albizia lebbeck, Terminalia chebula, and Hippophae rhamnoides possess potent antioxidant and α- glucosidase inhibitory potential and can aid in the management of postprandial hyperglycemia and oxidative damage.

scholarly journals Effect of <i>Zingiber officinale</i> and <i>Allium sativum</i> Powders as Natural Feed Additives Promoting Growth, Feed Utilization and Whole-Body Composition in <i>Clarias gariepinus</i> Fry

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (06) ◽  
pp. 526-543
Author(s):  
Paulin Nyadjeu ◽  
Doriane Divine Mane Yemdjie ◽  
Noël Arlette Tamko Ndjuissi ◽  
Ghislain Nguimdop Nguenang ◽  
Nesrine Yolande Chamsy Dedou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Feed Utilization ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Whole Body

Efficacy of certain plant extracts against seed-borne infection of Trichoconiella padwickii in paddy (Oryza sativa)

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
pp. 1956-1958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudheer A. Shetty ◽  
H. S. Prakash ◽  
H. Shekara Shetty
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Seed Extracts

Aqueous extracts of leaves, bark, stems, and seeds of Strychnos nux-vomica L., bulbs of Allium sativum L., rhizome of Zingiber officinale Rasc., leaves of Ocimum basilicum L., and fruits of Azadirachta indica A. Juss were used to control Trichoconiella padwickii (Ganguly) Jain in seeds of paddy (Oryza sativa L.). The seeds were soaked in 10, 20, and 30% extracts (w/v) for 12, 24, and 48 h. All the extracts had significant inhibitory effects on the fungus. Stem, bark, and seed extracts (20% w/v) of S. nux-vomica were more effective than other plant extracts and 0.3% of Mancozeb in controlling the fungus. None of the plant extracts were phytotoxic at the tested concentrations.

scholarly journals Review of Antiviral Medicinal Plants used in Taraba State Nigeria: A Possible Source for COVID-19 Drug Discovery

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Cletus Anes Ukwubile ◽  
Troy Silvia Malgwi ◽  
Alexander Ezekiel Angyu ◽  
Otalu Otalu ◽  
Mathias Simon Bingari
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Human Influenza Virus ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Ocimum Tenuiflorum

Purpose: Coronavirus also known as COVID-19 is a viral infection that has been tagged as the greatest pandemic since the existence of humans by the WHO, resulting in the deaths of thousands of people globally; with the USA one of the highest. The full biology of the virus is yet to be known. This study reviews sixteen natural antiviral plants used in Taraba State to manage viral infections locally. Subjects and Methods: Sixteen medicinal plants popularly used as antiviral agents in Taraba State, Nigeria were surveyed based on a field-trip experience with herbal medicine practitioners in the three zones of the state. Plants that were in both zones were counted as the same. The plants that are majorly used for various viral infections are Allium sativum, Zingiber officinale, Camellia sinensis, Hibiscus sabdariffa, Cirus lemon, Azardirachta indica, Ocimum tenuiflorum, Curcuma longa, Haematostaphis barteri, Olea europaea, Melastomastrum capitatum, Astragalus canadensis, Carissa edulis, Spondias venulosa, Vitellaria paradoxa, and Euphorbia hirta. Results: Of the sixteen plants, ten have been reported to have antiviral properties against at least one of these viruses avian or bird flu, human influenza virus, infectious bronchitis virus (a type of coronavirus), herpes virus, hepatitis C virus and HIV. Conclusion: The study revealed that further research on these antiviral plants used traditionally might pave the way for the discovery of potent antiviral drugs against COVID-19.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Antifungal Activity of Some Traditional Medicinal Plant Extracts against Alternaria solani (Tomato Early Blight Pathogen) in Ethiopia

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meseret Tadelo ◽  
Tamirat Wato ◽  
Tilahun Negash
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Early Blight ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Alternaria Solani ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Medicinal Plant Extracts

Background: Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) belongs to the family Solanaceae. In Ethiopia, control of early blight is largely dependent on fungicidal application. There is a research need to identify effective botanical extracts to control Alternaria solani that cause early blight of tomato and for evaluation of plant extracts through different solvents on the target pathogen. Methods: In vitro experiment was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of crude extracts of 16 selected medicinal plants against Alternaria solani. Thus, crude extracts were extracted from medicinal plants with different solvents (methanol, ethanol and petroleum at (25%, 50% and 100%) concentrations. The Alternaria solani was isolated from infected tomato leaves showing early blight symptoms. Evaluation of plant extracts was carried out against Alternaria solani using food poisoned technique on PDA. Result: Results showed that most of the methanolic extract plants were showed significant inhibition of the mycelial growth as compared to ethanolic and petroleum ether extracts. A higher rate of mycelial reduction was recorded by ethanol extracts of Allium sativum at all concentrations (100%) followed by methanol extracts of Allium sativum at 25%, 50%, 100% concentration (90.02%, 97.01%, 100% respectively). The effectiveness of extracts against Alternaria solani depends on use at the higher concentrations and various solvents. For crude extracts that have shown higher inhibitory effects against Alternaria solani in vitro conditions, actual chemical compounds should be identified. Furthermore, it is also important to evaluate these plants on other microbes, study to test in vivo and to assess their real potential field condition wherever early blight is an important disease of tomato.

scholarly journals Evaluation of anti-dermatophytic activity of medicinal plants derived products

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Anu Gupta ◽  
Alisha . ◽  
Sandeep Kaur ◽  
Prabhjot Kaur Gill
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Melaleuca Alternifolia ◽  
Keratinized Tissue ◽  
Dermatophyte Species ◽  
Citrus Limonum

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background: </strong>Dermatophytes are a group of closely related fungi which are able to invade the keratinized tissue skin, hair and nail. In this study different medicinal plants like <em>Melaleuca alternifolia, Zingiber officinale, Allium sativum, Azadirachta indica, Citrus limonum, Curcuma longa, Cocos nucifera</em> were used as antifungal agent against different dermatophyte species.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods: </strong>A hospital-based study consisting of 320 patients clinically diagnosed having dermatophytic infection who reported to the Dermatology outpatient department (OPD), Adesh medical college, Bathinda was conducted for the period of 2 years. Socio-demographic and clinical information was collected and sample was taken from the edge of infected area which was then collected in 2 ml of Eppendorf. Extracts of medicinal plants were then explored against dermatophyte. The data was evaluated using appropriate statistical method.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results: </strong>All dermatophyte species were found sensitive for <em>Melaleuca alternifolia, Zingiber officinale and Allium sativum</em>. These medicinal plants showed very good results as antifungal against dermatophytes while <em>Azadirachta indica </em>and <em>Citrus limonum </em>were moderate sensitive and <em>Curcuma longa </em>and <em>Cocos nucifera </em>did not show any zone of inhibition around the well.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This research provides a scientific validation for the use of these medicinal plants in the treatment of dermatophytic infection and could be used in future for dermatophytic infection and other skin infection.</p>

scholarly journals Effect of Fungicides and Plant Extracts in the Management of Foliar, Twig and Fruit Diseases of Citrus (Citrus limon)

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
K Yesmin ◽  
M Ahmad ◽  
MB Momtaz ◽  
K Begum
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Citrus Canker ◽  
Citrus Limon ◽  
Improvement Project ◽  
Citrus Diseases ◽  
Neem Leaf Extract

A research work was conducted on citrus plants raised at GPC, of Fruit Tree Improvement Project (FTIP) at Horticulture Farm, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, to investigate the effect of fungicides and plant extracts in controlling the scab, die-back and canker. Three fungicides viz. Cupravit 50 wp (0.4%), Dithane M-45 (0.3%), Rovral 50 WP (0.2%) and extracts of 3 plants viz. Neem {Azadirachta indica), Ginger {Zingiber officinale) and Garlic {Allium sativum) were applied for controlling the citrus (C. limon) diseases (scab, die-back and canker). All the fungicides showed significant effect in the control of the above mentioned citrus diseases. The highest reduction of the scab, die-back and canker diseases was recorded applying Rovral 50 WP. Neem leaf extract was the most effective in controlling canker of leaf and fruit. Garlic extract and Neem leaf extract were the most effective in controlling die-back of twig and branches of citrus, respectively. From the above results it can be concluded that Rovral 50 WP is the most effective chemical for controlling all citrus (C. limon) diseases and citrus canker can successfully be controlled specially by Neem leaf and garlic extract.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 10(1): 93-100 2017

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