scholarly journals A New Lens on Physical Activity Promotion: Can Technology Boost Exercise Prescription and Adherence?

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 842-843
Author(s):  
Patricia Heyn ◽  
Amber Watts
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Technology Use ◽  
Exercise Prescription ◽  
Exercise Adherence ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Multiple Perspectives ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Activity Promotion

Abstract Adherence to exercise prescription for older adults (OAs) is a significant problem and can have a detrimental effect on key health outcomes. Exercise adherence for OAs is a multifactorial problem encompassing many factors affecting adherence such as socioeconomic status, education, physical fitness, and mental and health status. Improving exercise adherence could have a significant impact on longevity, quality of life, and health care costs. This symposium brings multiple perspectives to closely examine promising technology approaches, both in the form of models and programs. We will also discuss gaps regarding adherence to physical activity (PA) and exercise prescription for OA and the application of current publicly available technologies to boost PA adherence and compliance accordingly to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services national standards for promoting health and preventing disease. The symposium includes five novel presentations addressing several key factors related to successful implementation of technology approaches to exercise program delivery and adherence for OAs. In addition, we will have one presentation highlighting the key factors that impact exercise prescription, compliance, and adherence. The speakers will present and address important components related to technology use with the goal to increase older adult’s PA participation. The exercise programs will target key areas affecting older adult’s health such as cognitive function, falls, obesity, gender, environments, and self-efficacy. Technology user-usability perspective will be presented. Current challenges and recommendations for future research will be comprehensively discussed to properly address the exercise adherence and compliance needs of our OA populations.

scholarly journals Acceptability, reach and implementation of a training to enhance teachers’ skills in physical activity promotion

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elina Renko ◽  
Keegan Knittle ◽  
Minttu Palsola ◽  
Taru Lintunen ◽  
Nelli Hankonen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Program Implementation ◽  
Real World ◽  
Physical Activity Promotion ◽  
School Staff ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Behavior Change Interventions ◽  
Activity Promotion ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

Abstract Background To achieve real-world impacts, behavior change interventions need to be scaled up and broadly implemented. Implementation is challenging however, and the factors influencing successful implementation are not fully understood. This study describes the nationwide implementation of a complex theory-based program targeting physical activity and sedentary behavior in vocational schools (Lets’s Move It; LMI). The implementation primarily involved a systematic and theory-based training and user manual for school staff. We explore how the perceived acceptability of this training (in line with the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability) relates to (un) successful implementation. The study evaluates (1) the experienced acceptability of the training and anticipated acceptability of later delivering the program; (2) reach and implementation, including adaptations and barriers; (3) whether acceptability ratings predict teachers’ intentions for implementation. Methods Upper secondary school staff from vocational and high schools (n = 194) enrolled in a two-part training, covering implementation of the LMI program and training in motivational interaction styles. One hundred fifty-one participants attended both parts of the training. Participants reported their perceived acceptability of the training and their implementation efforts in online questionnaires at baseline, after training sessions and at long-term follow-up. Qualitative data (open-ended questions) were analysed with content analysis to collate responses. Quantitative data analyses involved correlations and logistic regression. Results Participants rated the training as highly acceptable on all dimensions (average ratings exceeded 4.0 on a 5-point scale). The implementation reached at least 6100 students and 341 school classes. Most teachers intended to continue program implementation. Acceptability ratings explained 51.7% of teachers’ intentions to implement the student program (훘2 = 30.08; df = 8; p < .001), with affective attitude, perceived effectiveness and self-efficacy the most influential. Teachers commonly reported condensing program content, and reported deficits of time and collegial support as common barriers to implementation. Conclusion High acceptability and reach of the training indicate strong potential for implementation success. Multiple facets of acceptability seem important to successful implementation. Future research should explore ways to improve acceptability, thereby promoting successful implementation in real-world settings.

scholarly journals Integrating physical activity promotion into UK medical school curricula: testing the feasibility of an educational tool developed by the Faculty of Sports and Exercise Medicine

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000679
Author(s):  
Gemma Pugh ◽  
Patrick O'Halloran ◽  
Laura Blakey ◽  
Hannah Leaver ◽  
Manuela Angioi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Disease Management ◽  
Exercise Prescription ◽  
Medical Schools ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Educational Tool ◽  
Exercise Medicine ◽  
Activity Promotion ◽  
Sports And Exercise

BackgroundAt present education on exercise medicine and physical activity (PA) promotion does not feature heavily within the medical curriculum.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to test the feasibility of a self-directed educational tool (Faculty of Sports and Exercise Medicine (FSEM) exercise prescription booklet) on medical students’ understanding of PA in disease management.MethodsStudents from 22 UK medical schools were invited to complete a brief online questionnaire before and after being provided access to the FSEM exercise prescription booklet.ResultsA total of 205 students responded to the open invitation to participate. At baseline 59% of students agreed that PA promotion was an important part of a doctor’s job with 86% agreeing that PA was important in the prevention of disease. However, confidence to prescribe PA and knowledge of chief medical officer’s adult PA guidelines was low. Following use of the FSEM booklet students’ (n=53) knowledge of PA guidelines and confidence to advise patients about PA significantly improved (p<0.05). Correct response answers to case scenarios covering PA in disease management (specifically osteoarthritis and cancer) also improved (32% and 44% increase, respectively, p<0.01).ConclusionSelf-guided educational tools have the potential to improve the exercise prescription skills of undergraduate medical students. Future research should compare different methods of delivering education on PA within medical schools to determine the most effective means of integrating PA into the curriculum.

Strategies to enhance compliance to physical activity for patients with insulin resistance

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 549-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Kirk ◽  
Pierpaolo De Feo
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Physical Activity Promotion ◽  
Physical Activity Behaviour ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Activity Promotion

The evidence that physical activity is an effective therapeutic tool in the management of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes is well documented. Limited research has addressed how best to promote and maintain physical activity in these individuals. This paper explores strategies to enhance compliance to physical activity for patients with insulin resistance. Several evidence-based guidelines and reviews recommend that physical activity interventions are based on a valid theoretical framework. However, there is no evidence-based consensus on the best theory or the combination of theories to use. Motivational tools such as pedometers, wearable sensors measuring energy expenditure, and point of choice prompts appear to be effective at stimulating short-term substantial increases in physical activity, but further strategies to maintain physical activity behaviour change are required. Physical activity consultation has demonstrated effective physical activity promotion over periods of up to 2 years in people with type 2 diabetes. Future research should identify the longer term effects of this intervention and the effectiveness of different methods of delivery. Overall, there needs to be a lot more focus on this area of research. Without this, the abundance of research investigating the effects of physical activity on people with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes is essentially redundant.

scholarly journals Social Comparison Features in Physical Activity Promotion Apps: Scoping Meta-Review (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Arigo ◽  
Megan M Brown ◽  
Kristen Pasko ◽  
Jerry Suls
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Social Comparison ◽  
Behavioral Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Smartphone Apps ◽  
Comparison Theory ◽  
Activity Promotion ◽  
Meta Review ◽  
Definition Of

BACKGROUND Smartphone apps promoting physical activity (PA) are abundant, but few produce substantial and sustained behavior change. Although many PA apps purport to induce users to compare themselves with others (by invoking social comparison processes), improvements in PA and other health behaviors are inconsistent. Existing literature suggests that social comparison may motivate PA for some people under some circumstances. However, 2 aspects of work that apply social comparison theory to PA apps remain unclear: (1) how comparison processes have been operationalized or harnessed in existing PA apps and (2) whether incorporating sources of variability in response to comparison have been used to tailor comparison features of apps, which could improve their effectiveness for promoting PA. OBJECTIVE The aim of this meta-review was to summarize existing systematic, quantitative, and narrative reviews of behavior change techniques in PA apps, with an emphasis on social comparison features, to examine how social comparison is operationalized and implemented. METHODS We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and PsycINFO for reviews of PA smartphone apps. Of the 3743 initial articles returned, 26 reviews met the inclusion criteria. Two independent raters extracted the data from these reviews, including the definition of social comparison used to categorize app features, the percentage of apps categorized as inducing comparison, specific features intended to induce comparison, and any mention of tailoring comparison features. For reference, these data were also extracted for related processes (such as behavioral modeling, norm referencing, and social networking). RESULTS Of the included review articles, 31% (8/26) categorized app features as prompting social comparison. The majority of these employed Abraham and Michie’s earliest definition of comparison, which differs from versions in later iterations of the same taxonomy. Very few reviews specified what dimension users were expected to compare (eg, steps, physical fitness) or which features of the apps were used to induce comparison (eg, leaderboards, message boards). No review referenced tailoring of comparison features. In contrast, 54% (14/26) reviews categorized features for prompting behavioral modeling and 31% (8/26) referenced tailoring app features for users’ personal goals or preferences. CONCLUSIONS The heterogeneity across reviews of PA apps and the absence of relevant information (eg, about dimensions or features relevant for comparison) create confusion about how to best harness social comparison to increase PA and its effectiveness in future research. No evidence was found that important findings from the broader social comparison literature (eg, that people have differing preferences for and responses to social comparison information) have been incorporated in the design of existing PA apps. Greater integration of the mobile health (mHealth) and social comparison literatures may improve the effectiveness of PA apps, thereby increasing the public health impact of these mHealth tools. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT RR2-https://osf.io/nh4td/

scholarly journals Physical activity and health in Chinese children and adolescents: expert consensus statement (2020)

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (22) ◽  
pp. 1321-1331
Author(s):  
Peijie Chen ◽  
Dengfeng Wang ◽  
Hongbing Shen ◽  
Lijuan Yu ◽  
Qian Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Consensus Statement ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Chinese Children ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Activity Promotion ◽  
Chinese Children And Adolescents

China is experiencing significant public health challenges related to social and demographic transitions and lifestyle transformations following unprecedented economic reforms four decades ago. Of particular public health concern is the fourfold increase in overweight and obesity rates in the nation’s youth population, coupled with the low prevalence of adolescents meeting recommended levels of physical activity. Improving the overall health of China’s more than 170 million children and adolescents has become a national priority. However, advancing nationwide health initiatives and physical activity promotion in this population has been hampered by the lack of a population-specific and culturally relevant consensus on recommendations for achieving these ends. To address this deficiency and inform policies to achieve Healthy China 2030 goals, a panel of Chinese experts, complemented by international professionals, developed this consensus statement. The consensus was achieved through an iterative process that began with a literature search from electronic databases; in-depth reviews, conducted by a steering committee, of the resulting articles; and panel group evaluations and discussions in the form of email correspondence, conference calls and written communications. Ultimately, the panel agreed on 10 major themes with strong scientific evidence that, in children and adolescents aged 6–17, participating in moderate to vigorous physical activities led to multiple positive health outcomes. Our consensus statement also (1) highlights major challenges in promoting physical activity, (2) identifies future research that addresses current knowledge gaps, and (3) provides recommendations for teachers, education experts, parents and policymakers for promoting physical activity among Chinese school-aged children and adolescents. This consensus statement aligns with international efforts to develop global physical activity guidelines to promote physical activity and health and prevent lifestyle-related diseases in children and adolescents. More importantly, it provides a foundation for developing culturally appropriate and effective physical activity interventions, health promotion strategies and policy initiatives to improve the health of Chinese children and adolescents.

First evidences from “lean & safety” projects

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2/3) ◽  
pp. 245-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Crema ◽  
Chiara Verbano ◽  
Maria Laura Chiozza
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Integrated Methodology ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Sustainable Health

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the significant features that characterize these projects: organizational aspects, phases and activities, tools, techniques, practices and key factors for successful implementation. No studies in the academic literature have yet focused on the relation between healthcare lean management (HLM) and clinical risk management (CRM) to enhance multiple aspects of performance, although the possibility of implementing “lean & safety” projects has been highlighted. Design/methodology/approach – Two significant projects have been selected from the same Italian hospital in two different fields of application. Within- and cross-case analyses have been performed to obtain useful findings. Findings – The results suggest that HLM can provide support for CRM, and an integrated methodology should be considered. The first indications concerning how this new synergistic methodology may be developed are provided and these should stimulate future research, testing and exploiting the methodology in other contexts. Originality/value – From the results of this paper, guidelines for the implementation of a “lean & safety” project could be developed to improve the management of clinical processes pursuing multiple objectives. This study could contribute to the development of safer and more sustainable health care systems for the benefit of the entire community.

scholarly journals Promoting Physical Activity Among University Students: A Systematic Review of Controlled Trials

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 1602-1612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Maselli ◽  
Philip B. Ward ◽  
Erica Gobbi ◽  
Attilio Carraro
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
University Students ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Activity Promotion

Objective: University study is often accompanied by a decline in physical activity (PA) levels but can offer the opportunity to promote a lifelong active lifestyle. This review aims to summarize controlled trials of interventions promoting PA among university students, describing the quality of the evidence, effective strategies, and deficiencies in the interventions employed, to provide directions for future research and for practical implementations. Data Source: PubMed, PsychINFO, Cochrane Library, Education Source, and SPORTDiscus. Study Inclusion Criteria: Randomized or nonrandomized controlled trial, describing an intervention to promote PA in university students, where PA was one of the outcomes and results were published in English. Data Extraction: Country, study design, participants’ inclusion criteria, participation rate and characteristics, randomization, blinding, theoretical framework, intervention characteristics, participant retention rate and withdrawal reasons, measures employed, data analysis, PA results, and findings regarding PA correlates. Data Synthesis: Data were synthetized considering study characteristics, strategies used, and outcomes. Results: Two thousand five hundred eighty-five articles were identified. Twenty-seven studies met the inclusion criteria. Sixteen studies reported an increase in PA levels. Conclusion: Physical Activity promotion interventions should address a range of behavioral determinants. Personalized approaches and PA sessions should be considered in future studies. The high risk of bias of many studies (mainly due to attrition and poor reporting) and missing information about intervention components limit the strength of conclusions about the most effective strategies and the evidence of effectiveness, highlighting the need for further high-quality studies.

scholarly journals Promotion of physical activity and exercise in multiple sclerosis: Importance of behavioral science and theory

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 205521731878674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W Motl ◽  
Dorothy Pekmezi ◽  
Brooks C Wingo
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Breast Cancer Survivors ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Behavioral Science ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Test Theory ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Activity Promotion

There is an obvious disconnect between evidence of benefits and rates of participation in exercise and physical activity among people living with multiple sclerosis (MS). We propose that the problem with exercise behavior in MS (i.e. lack of broad or increasing participation by people with MS despite evidence of meaningful benefits) might be ameliorated through the inclusion of behavior change theory in the design of exercise programs and promotion efforts, as has been undertaken in other populations such as breast cancer survivors. This paper reviews Social Cognitive Theory as an example approach for informing interventions for increasing exercise and physical activity behavior outside of MS and provides an overview of current knowledge regarding the application of this theory for physical activity in MS. We then outline future research necessary for informing trials that design, implement, and test theory-based interventions for physical activity promotion in MS. If theories of behavior change are adopted for informing exercise and physical activity research in MS, we can take a major step forward in addressing the problem of exercise and physical activity participation that has plagued the field for more than 25 years.

scholarly journals Exercise, Affect, and Adherence: An Integrated Model and a Case for Self-Paced Exercise

2008 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 471-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
Exercise Prescription ◽  
Affective Response ◽  
Exercise Adherence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Dual Mode ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Hedonic Theory ◽  
Response To Exercise

The article reviews research relevant to a proposed conceptual model of exercise adherence that integrates the dual mode model and hedonic theory. Exercise intensity is posited to influence affective response to exercise via interoceptive (e.g., ventila-tory drive) and cognitive (e.g., perceived autonomy) pathways; affective response to exercise is posited to influence exercise adherence via anticipated affective response to future exercise. The potential for self-paced exercise to enhance exercise adherence is examined in the context of the proposed model and suggestions are given for future research. Further evidence in support of self-paced exercise could have implications for exercise prescription, especially among overweight, sedentary adults, who are most in need of interventions that enhance adherence to exercise programs.

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