scholarly journals Circadian rhythm for female entering old age: exploration on the effect of eating behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 632-633
Author(s):  
Hsiao-Han Tang ◽  
Ching-Ju Chiu
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Sleep Diary ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Wake Time ◽  
Waking Up

Abstract Unhealthy lifestyle and eating behavior are associated with circadian rhythm disruption which contributes to numerous harmful outcomes. The relationship between circadian rhythm and eating behavior remains unclear. The study aims to investigate different types of eating behavior in middle-aged women and their variation in circadian rhythm. A descriptive, cross-sectional design was used. We recruited a convenience sample of 150 female aged 45 years or over from the community in southern Taiwan. Sociodemographic status, sleep diary and eating behavior were collected by questionnaires; behavioral circadian rhythm were monitored with the wrist-worn application. Four middle-aged participants were interviewed. Preliminary data show three main findings: (1) Sleep efficiency was decrease with age, (2) First meal within 2 hours after waking up was associated with higher amplitude (2.24 vs 1.43 log count), relative amplitude (0.92 vs 0.71), middle to vigorous physical activity time (101.22 vs 58.41 minute), lower lowest active 5 hr midpoint (2.63 vs 4.34 hour) and acrophase (13.67 vs 15.75), (3) Participants with morning chronotype have less sedentary behavior and higher most active 10 hr during wake time. Age and timing of first meal after waking up seem dominating circadian rhythm. Chronotype might be a significant factor for physical activity level. More data is needed to further confirm the association.

scholarly journals Protective Effect of Aerobic Physical Activity on Sleep Behavior in Breast Cancer Survivors

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliana Roveda ◽  
Jacopo A. Vitale ◽  
Eleonora Bruno ◽  
Angela Montaruli ◽  
Patrizia Pasanisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sleep Study ◽  
Wake Time ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

Hypotheses. Sleep disorders are associated with an increased risk of cancer, including breast cancer (BC). Physical activity (PA) can produce beneficial effects on sleep. Study design. We designed a randomized controlled trial to test the effect of 3 months of physical activity on sleep and circadian rhythm activity level evaluated by actigraphy. Methods. 40 BC women, aged 35-70 years, were randomized into an intervention (IG) and a control group (CG). IG performed a 3 month of aerobic exercise. At baseline and after 3 months, the following parameters were evaluated both for IG and CG: anthropometric and body composition measurements, energy expenditure and motion level; sleep parameters (Actual Sleep Time-AST, Actual Wake Time-AWT, Sleep Efficiency-SE, Sleep Latency-SL, Mean Activity Score-MAS, Movement and Fragmentation Index-MFI and Immobility Time-IT) and activity level circadian rhythm using the Actigraph Actiwatch. Results. The CG showed a deterioration of sleep, whereas the IG showed a stable pattern. In the CG the SE, AST and IT decreased and the AWT, SL, MAS and MFI increased. In the IG, the SE, IT, AWT, SL, and MAS showed no changes and AST and MFI showed a less pronounced change in the IG than in the CG. The rhythmometric analysis revealed a significant circadian rhythm in two groups. After 3 months of PA, IG showed reduced fat mass %, while CG had improved weight and BMI. Conclusion. Physical activity may be beneficial against sleep disruption. Indeed, PA prevented sleep worsening in IG. PA can represent an integrative intervention therapy able to modify sleep behaviour.

scholarly journals PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVEL AND ENERGY EXPENDITURE ASSESSED BY ACCELEROMETRY IN 60Y+ BRAZILIAN SUBJECTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-120
Author(s):  
Luiz Antonio dos Anjos ◽  
Bruna de Andrade Messias da Silva ◽  
Vivian Wahrlich
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Physical Activity Recommendations ◽  
Physical Activity Programs ◽  
Sedentary Activities ◽  
Activity Recommendations

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the physical activity level (PAL) and the total daily energy expenditure (EE-TDEE) in a sample of ≥60y subjects from Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Methods: A convenience sample of 88 subjects recruited from recreational physical activity programs wore an accelerometer around the waist for seven consecutive days for at least 10h/day. Minute-by-minute EE was estimated from the counts per minute (CPM) data, and the daily sum yielded the TDEE. PAL (TDEE/BMR) with BMR calculated with the FAO/WHO predictive equation and a population-specific equation. Body composition was assessed by DXA. Results: Mean age (SD) was 69.2 (5.8) years, the prevalence of overweight and obesity was 36.4 and 25.0%, respectively, and excess body fat was 39.8%. The subjects spent 600min/day engaged in sedentary activities (CPM<100). Men engaged in 30min of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (CPM≥1,952) daily, on average. The subjects were active on 34.5 and 18.0% of the weekdays and weekend days with a 1,400 steps/day difference between these days. TDEE was 1,731.5 (348.7) and 1,356.3 (223.7) kcal/day depending on the BMR prediction equation used. Mean PAL was lower than the maintenance level. Conclusions: The high prevalence of sedentary activities and the low percentage of subjects who met the physical activity recommendations indicate that physical activity programs must be adjusted so that the enrolled subjects can meet the physical activity recommendations, preferably with the activities objectively monitored. Population-specific equations improve the final estimation of TDEE and PAL. Level of Evidence I; Diagnostic studies - Investigating a diagnostic test.

The Relations Between Physical Activity Level, Executive Function, and White Matter Microstructure in Older Adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Marissa A. Gogniat ◽  
Catherine M. Mewborn ◽  
Talia L. Robinson ◽  
Kharine R. Jean ◽  
L. Stephen Miller
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Neuropsychological Testing ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Average Intensity ◽  
Age Related

The population of older adults is increasing, indicating a need to examine factors that may prevent or mitigate age-related cognitive decline. The current study examined whether microstructural white matter characteristics mediated the relation between physical activity and executive function in older adults without any self-reported psychiatric and neurological disorders or cognitive impairment (N = 43, mean age = 73 y). Physical activity was measured by average intensity and number of steps via accelerometry. Diffusion tensor imaging was used to examine microstructural white matter characteristics, and neuropsychological testing was used to examine executive functioning. Parallel mediation models were analyzed using microstructural white matter regions of interest as mediators of the association between physical activity and executive function. Results indicated that average steps was significantly related to executive function (β = 0.0003, t = 2.829, P = .007), while moderate to vigorous physical activity was not (β = 0.0007, t = 1.772, P = .08). White matter metrics did not mediate any associations. This suggests that microstructural white matter characteristics alone may not be the mechanism by which physical activity impacts executive function in aging.

scholarly journals The “Healthy Habits, Healthy Girls” randomized controlled trial for girls: study design, protocol, and baseline results

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 1381-1394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Barco Leme ◽  
Sonia Tucunduva Philippi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Healthy Habits ◽  
Design Protocol

The purpose of this article is to describe the study design, protocol, and baseline results of the “Healthy Habits, Healthy Girls” program. The intervention is being evaluated through a randomized controlled trial in 10 public schools in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Data on the following variables were collected and assessed at baseline and will be reevaluated at 7 and 12 months: body mass index, waist circumference, dietary intake, nutrition, physical activity, social cognitive mediators, physical activity level, sedentary behaviors, self-rated physical status, and overall self-esteem. According to the baseline results, 32.4% and 23.4% of girls were overweight in the intervention and control groups, respectively, and in both groups a higher percentage failed to meet daily recommendations for moderate and vigorous physical activity and maximum screen time (TV, computer, mobile devices). There were no significant differences between the groups for most of the variables, except age (p = 0.000) and waist circumference (p = 0.014). The study showed a gap in the Brazilian literature on protocols for randomized controlled trials to prevent obesity among youth. The current study may thus be an important initial contribution to the field.

scholarly journals Changes in Objectively Measured Lifestyle Factors During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuya Ataka ◽  
Noriyuki Kimura ◽  
Atsuko Eguchi ◽  
Etsuro Matsubara
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Background: In this manuscript, we aimed at investigating whether objectively measured lifestyle factors, including walking steps, sedentary time, amount of unforced physical activity, level of slight and energetic physical activity, conversation time, and sleep parameters altered before and during the COVID-19 pandemic among community-dwelling older adults.Methods: Data were obtained from a prospective cohort study conducted from 2015 to 2019 and a subsequent dementia prevention study undertaken in September 2020. Community-dwelling adults aged ≥65 years wore wearable sensors before and during the pandemic.Results: A total of 56 adults were enrolled in this study. The mean age was 74.2±3.9 years, and 58.9% (n=33) of the participants were female. The moderate and vigorous physical activity time significantly decreased and sedentary time significantly increased during the pandemic. Conclusions: This is the first study to demonstrate differences in objectively assessed lifestyle factors before and during the COVID-19 pandemic among community-dwelling older adults. The findings show that the pandemic has adversely affected physical activity among older adults living on their own in Japan.

scholarly journals Objective Behavioral Measures in Children before, during, and after the COVID-19 Lockdown in Israel

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8732
Author(s):  
Einat Shneor ◽  
Ravid Doron ◽  
Jonathan Levine ◽  
Deena Rachel Zimmerman ◽  
Julia S. Benoit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Wake Time ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Social Restriction ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
The Impact

Studies using questionnaires report that COVID-19 restrictions resulted in children spending significantly less time outdoors. This study used objective measures to assess the impact of pandemic-related restrictions on children’s behavior. A total of 19 healthy 8–12-year-old boys were observed before and during social restriction periods. Of these, 11 boys were reassessed after restrictions were lifted. For each session, Actiwatches were dispensed for measures of time outdoors, activity, and sleep. Changes overall and by school status were assessed using signed-rank test and Wilcoxon rank sum tests. During restrictions, children spent significantly less time outdoors (p = 0.001), were less active (p = 0.001), and spent less time engaged in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (p = 0.004). Sleep duration was not significantly different between sessions (p > 0.99), but bedtime and wake time shifted to a later time during restrictions (p < 0.05 for both). Time outdoors and activity returned close to pre-pandemic levels after restrictions were lifted (p > 0.05 for both). Children’s behaviors significantly changed during the COVID-19 pandemic. The reduction in outdoor light exposure is of importance due to the role of light in the etiology of myopia and vitamin D production. The reduction in physical activity may have negative health effects in terms of obesity and depression, although further research is required to ascertain the long-term effects.

scholarly journals Development of Step-Count Cut Points for School-Day Vigorous Physical Activity

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan D. Burns ◽  
Timothy A. Brusseau ◽  
You Fu ◽  
Peng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Step Count ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Cut Points ◽  
Step Counts ◽  
School Day ◽  
The Usa

Background. No study has established step-count cut points for varying amounts of accelerometer-assessed vigorous physical activity (VPA) accrued during the school day in children. The purpose of this study was to establish step-count cut points for discriminating children meeting VPA in 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 15 minutes, and 20 minutes per 7-hour school day. Methods. Participants were a convenience sample of 1,053 children (mean age = 8.4 (1.8) years) recruited from 5 schools from the Mountain West region of the USA. Data within students were observed across multiple semesters totaling 2,119 separate observations. Step counts and time in VPA were assessed using ActiGraph wGT3X-BT triaxial accelerometers that were worn during the entirety of a 7-hour school day for one school week. Average censored step counts and minutes in VPA were calculated across 3 to 5 days. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were employed to derive step counts via calculation of the maximum Youden J statistic. Results. Area-under-the-curve (AUC) scores ranged from AUC = 0.81 (95% CI: 0.78–0.83; p<0.001) for meeting at least 5 minutes of VPA to AUC = 0.94 (95% CI: 0.88–1.00, p<0.001) for meeting at least 20 minutes of VPA. Approximately 3,460 steps best discriminated children meeting at least 5 minutes of VPA (sensitivity = 74.0%, specificity = 74.0%, and accuracy = 74.1%) and approximately 5,628 steps best discriminated children meeting at least 20 minutes per day of VPA (sensitivity = 85.7%, specificity = 95.1%, and accuracy = 95.1%). Conclusion. Step counts can discriminate with reasonable accuracy children that meet at least 5 minutes of school-day VPA and with strong accuracy children that meet 20 minutes of school-day VPA.

Abstract P463: Objectively Measured Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity is Associated With Decreased Myosteatosis in African Caribbean Adults

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iva Miljkovic ◽  
Allison Kuipers ◽  
Ryan Cvejkus ◽  
Victor Wheeler ◽  
Joseph Zmuda
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Fat Infiltration ◽  
Muscle Attenuation ◽  
Muscle Fat Infiltration ◽  
Objectively Measured

Increased skeletal muscle fat infiltration (i.e. myosteatosis) is now recognized as a major risk factor for cardio-metabolic diseases. Therefore, a lifestyle modification that reduces myosteatosis would be of great public health importance. However, studies examining the association of relevant lifestyle factors with this ectopic fat depot are lacking, particularly in African ancestry populations who have a very high burden of cardio-metabolic diseases. The aim of this study was to examine the relation between objectively measured physical activity and sedentary behavior with computed tomography measured calf muscle attenuation among middle-aged and elderly African-Caribbeans from the population-based Tobago Health Study. Preliminary analyses were conducted among 134 women (mean age 59 yrs, mean BMI 31.6 kg/m 2 ) and 355 men (mean age 62 yrs, mean BMI 28 kg/m 2 ). Physical activity was measured using the SenseWear Pro armband worn for 4-7 days. We calculated the mean duration of waking time engaged in light physical activity (LPA), moderate to vigorous activity (MVPA), and sedentary behavior (SB) per day. Skeletal muscle attenuation (mg/cm 3 ) reflects the fat content of the muscle such that greater skeletal muscle fat infiltration is reflected by lower attenuation. Women spent less time in LPA (146 vs. 270 min/day) and MVPA (15 vs. 41 min/day), but more time in SB (789 vs. 647 min/day) than men (all p<0.0001) after adjustments for gender differences in age. Muscle attenuation was lower among women compared with men (70.5 vs. 72.7 mg/cm3; age and BMI adjusted p<0.0001). In both women and men, muscle attenuation was positively correlated with the LPA and MVPA, and inversely with time spent in SB (spearman correlation coefficients (r) ranged from 0.21 to 0.39, all p<0.006 adjusted for age). Upon additional adjustment for BMI, in both women and men, the association of muscle attenuation with MVPA remained significant (r=0.21 and r=0.18, respectively, both p<0.03), but there was no association with LPA. Percent time spent in SB was associated with muscle attenuation only among women after additional adjustment for BMI (women: -0.16, p=0.052), and we also found a significant sex interaction effect of SB on muscle attenuation (p=0.035). Our preliminary findings suggest that there is significant association between MVPA and myosteatosis among middle-aged and elderly African Caribbeans. However, SB may only be relevant for myosteatosis among women. Future analyses will be conducted in a larger sample from this cohort to confirm our findings and to test for independence from other potential confounding factors, such as diet, sleep patterns, adiposity distribution, and diabetes.

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