scholarly journals Intergenerational Relationships During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Challenges and Opportunities of Data Collection

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 170-170
Author(s):  
Megan Gilligan ◽  
J Jill Suitor

Abstract Family scholars experienced numerous unique challenges and opportunities when studying intergenerational relationships during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this presentation, we draw examples from the Within-Family Differences Study to highlight some of the ways in which respondents’ patterns of study participation, reports of their relationships with their late-life parents and their own young adult children, and their psychological well-being, subjective physical health, and health behaviors reflected the fluctuating waves of the pandemic. Among the patterns we discuss are systematic variations in the intensity of respondents’ answers to both open and closed-ended items, respondents’ expressions of concern regarding choosing the “right” answers to questions, and their attempts to negotiate their responses with interviewers. Our observations led us to conclude that measures family gerontologists use to capture many constructs central to the field are subject to different “meanings” by respondents in the face of disaster.

1983 ◽  
Vol 2 (S1) ◽  
pp. 53-55
Author(s):  
Otto Schaefer

Physical health and psycho-social impacts are very much related. There are indications that not only the psychological and social well-being of native peoples but also the physical health and nutritional status has deteriorated in the face of resource development activities in the Arctic. Examples are provided of nutritional anemia, infection of the gastro-intestinal and respiratory tracts in children, obesity, arteriosclerosis and metabolic problems in adults, as well as family break-down, alcohol abuse, venereal disease, and deaths due to violence.


2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
Peter Hogg

Purpose While the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in the workplace is on the rise, few understand how it will affect our jobs. Will it be a hindrance? A threat? Or the solution to the current productivity dilemma? As with any new, and largely untested, technology, AI brings both challenges and opportunities that we need to be conscious of. Design/methodology/approach The current and potential future implementation of AI technologies at Schneider Electric is assessed. Findings In HR, it is our responsibility to help navigate business leaders towards making the best business decision, often with the use of technology. AI, like analytics before it, has huge potential. Originality/value What we know for sure, is that the development of human talent has become one of the top priorities for global CEOs. With severe talent shortages in the UK, finding the right candidates for the job and investing in their professional development and well-being to keep them for longer look like no-brainers.


2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea McCloughen ◽  
Kim Foster ◽  
David Kerley ◽  
Cynthia Delgado ◽  
Adrienne Turnell

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Yuliana Asmi

Penelitian ingin menganalisa penanaman nilai-nilai yang ada pada ajaran Islam pada kegiatan kepramukaan. Dalam dharma pramuka terdapat nilai-nilai keIslaman terutama pada sembilan poinnya. Penulis menggunakan metode kualitatif dalam penelitian ini. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini, yakni pendekatan sosiologi. Objek penelitian yang menjadi focus dalam penelitian ini, ialah pembina pramuka, pemangku adat dan anggota pramuka Racana Raden Mas Said-Nyi Ageng Serang IAIN Surakarta. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa proses internalisasi nilai-nilai pendidikan agama Islam pada anggota pramuka Racana Raden Mas Said-Nyi Ageng Serang IAIN Surakarta, melalui tiga fase (fase pengenalan, penerimaan dan fase pengintegrasian). Dari tiap-tiap fase tersebut terdapat sembilan nilai pendidikan agama Islam, yang terdapat dalam dasa dharma pramuka. Kontribusi dari internalisasi nilai tersebut memunculkan values consciousness, well being, agency, Connectedness dan transformation. Dari kelima poin tersebut dideskripsikan tentang proses internalisasi nilai pendidikan agama Islam pada diri anggota. Hasil dari proses internalisasi tersebut menghasilkan perubahan yang cukup signifikan, dalam artian ke arah yang lebih baik (memiliki rasa empati, tanggung jawab, berani mengemukakan pendapat karena setiap anggota memiliki hak untuk menentukan plihan, dapat membangun hubungan yang positif antara satu dengan yang lainnya), sehingga tercipta sebuah kerukunan, serta bertransformasi dari yang semula tidak peduli dengan lingkungan sekitar menjadi lebih peduli dan bersifat humanis terhadap sesama rekan organisasi.[The research wants to analyze the inculcation of values that exist in Islamic teachings in scouting activities. In the dharma of scouting there are Islamic values, especially on the nine points. The author uses qualitative methods in this study. The approach used in this research is a sociological approach. The object of research that is the focus of this research, is the scout coach, traditional stakeholders and members of the Racana Racana Mas Said-Nyi Ageng Serang IAIN Surakarta scouts. Data collection techniques in the form of observation, interviews and documentation. The results of this study indicate that the process of internalizing the values of Islamic religious education in Racana Raden Mas Said-Nyi Ageng Serang scout members at IAIN Surakarta, went through three phases (introduction, acceptance and integration phases). From each of these phases there are nine values of Islamic religious education, which are contained in the Dasa Dharma of Scouts. The contribution of the internalization of these values gives rise to values consciousness, well being, agency, Connectedness and transformation. From the five points, a description of the process of internalizing the value of Islamic religious education is described in members. The results of the internalization process resulted in significant changes, in the sense of a better direction (having a sense of empathy, responsibility, daring to express opinions because each member has the right to make choices, can build positive relationships with one another), so as to create a harmony, and transform from being initially indifferent to the surrounding environment to being more caring and humanist towards fellow organizational partners.]


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 814-814
Author(s):  
Barbara Hodgdon ◽  
Jen D Wong ◽  
Patricia S Pittman

Abstract As numbers of sandwiched caregivers in the United States grow, it is essential to document the literature on the impact of dual care responsibilities on aspects of psychological well-being and physical health. This scoping review examined the literature on sandwiched caregivers’ psychological well-being and physical health, identified gaps in the literature, and provided suggestions for future studies to advance the literature on sandwiched caregivers in the United States. Guided by the Arksey and O’Malley (2005) framework, this scoping review comprised of 15 peer-reviewed articles between 1980 and 2019, that examined aspects of the psychological well-being (e.g., depression, affect) and physical health (e.g., health behaviors, chronic conditions) of sandwiched caregivers in the United States. Findings showed that there was ambiguity surrounding the conceptualization of sandwiched caregivers, specifically how older and younger care recipients were defined. Also, most studies examined psychological well-being while physical health was understudied. The findings of this review also showed that, compared to non-sandwiched caregivers (e.g., spousal, filial caregivers) and non-caregivers, sandwiched caregivers exhibited greater depressive symptoms and psychological distress as well as poorer health behaviors. Furthermore, sandwiched caregivers who were female and employed were more susceptible to greater depressive symptoms than their employed male counterparts or employed non-caregivers. In considering future directions, more work is needed that examines physical health. Additionally, sandwiched caregivers of minority status merit attention as multigenerational care occurs at greater rates in these populations. Finally, caregiving during the pandemic may have a detrimental impact on sandwiched caregivers’ lives which should be investigated.


1997 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franklin G. Miller

The standard argument in favor of the practice of voluntary physician-assisted death, by means of assisted suicide or active euthanasia, rests on liberal, individualistic grounds. It appeals to two moral considerations: (1) personal self-determination—the right to choose the circumstances and timing of death with medical assistance; and (2) individual well-being—relief of intolerable suffering in the face of terminal or incurable, severely debilitating illness. One of the strongest challenges to this argument has been advanced by Daniel Callahan. Callahan has vigorously attacked the practice of physician-assisted death and the goal of legalization as deep affronts to values of community: “By assuming that the relief of suffering is a goal important enough to legitimate killing as a way of achieving it, we corrupt the idea of such relief as a social goal and duty. We cease helping to bear one another's suffering, but eliminate altogether the person who suffers. We thereby jeopardize both the future of self-determination and the kind of community that furthers its members' capacity to bear one another's suffering. Why bear what can be eliminated altogether?” In another passage Callahan remarks, “For there is a deep sense in which suicide and euthanasia are likely to represent, at least in part, a failure of the community, whether that of the intimate community of family and friends, or the larger civic community, to respond to the needs of another.”


2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (06) ◽  
pp. 811-817
Author(s):  
Bushra Yasmeen ◽  
Nermeen Jamshaid ◽  
Muhammad Zohaib Khan ◽  
Munnaza Salman ◽  
Raza Ullah

In order to promote healthful trends, insight is needed in the behavioraldeterminants of nutrition behaviors. Most research on behavioral determinants has been linkedwith individuals’ physical health and socio-economic factors. However, health behavior isinfluenced by individual physical health and abilities. Multiple dynamics of chronic illnesseswithin human body influenced the dietary patterns. For disease prognosis, doctors advisedpatients to observe preventive measures. Objective: The researchers tried to identify thechanges in the dietary patterns protective effects of food consumption such as mutton, chicken,beef, snacks and sweets on chronic illnesses that reduce the risk factors and contribute in thepatients’ health behaviors. Setting: The empirical data was collected from three Dialysis Units:Mayo Hospital, Jinnah Hospital, Lahore General Hospital and all admitted patients of PunjabInstitute of Cardiology, Lahore. Methodology: These four hospitals have good turn-over ofthe patients should in this exploratory study, purposive sampling method was used. For thecollection of quantitative data, a hospital-based survey was conducted by using a structuredinterview schedule. Study Subjects: 275 patients (131-cardiac and 144-renal failure) including184 males (67%) and 91 females (33%) between age of 20 to 110 years were interviewed. Agemean ± standard deviation was 44 years; S.D = 15.338. Data Analysis: Descriptive statistics(frequencies, percentages) and multiple response tables were deployed to find out the researchgoals across heart and kidney diseases. Results: Results indicates that before illness, majority238 (86.5%) of the patients took three meals. After illness, 34% patients changed the foodconsumption. In two meals, 96.7% patients used vegetables, 86.2% used pulses along withchapatti, and 98.5% used tap water to drink. In other drinks, 87.6% used tea, 50.5% used milk,and 52% used to drink lassi. A high proportion (65%) of patients for first treatment consultswith GP’s. 10.6% changed their food consumption on the advice of hakeem/homeopathic and10.6% changed on the advices of others. 78% were unable to perform their daily activities andneed help; 89% patients changed food choices; and 86% patients follow doctors’ advices.Conclusion: Change in diet is a contributing factor towards health and well-being duringillness. It reduces risk factors and a good indicator of patients’ health behaviors to cope withthe disease.


2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-359
Author(s):  
Geoffrey V. Henderson ◽  
Andrew J. Elliot

Background: Motivation scientists study goals, self-regulatory tools that are used to help people approach or avoid objects of desire or disdain. Purpose: Using these tools, motivation science can offer insights to guide behaviour and help individuals maintain optimal health and well-being during pandemics, including COVID-19. Results: Avoidance goals help guide behaviour away from negative objects like COVID-19, and are necessary in situations where survival is at stake. Formulating the goal of avoiding COVID-19 is therefore recommended during the pandemic. However, avoidance goals have inherent limitations, in that they tax one’s energy and well-being. To minimize these costs, the pursuit of approach sub-goals may be recommended, such as increasing social connection online or exercising outdoors (particularly prior to widespread vaccination). Conclusion: Adhering to the goal of avoiding COVID-19 prevents infection and saves lives when safe and effective vaccines and treatments are lacking. But avoidance goals have known costs that must be acknowledged and addressed. One solution is to pair avoidance goals with approach sub-goals to bolster mental and physical health while adhering to the ultimate goal of avoiding COVID-19, viral variants, and future contagions. Doi: 10.28991/SciMedJ-2021-0304-7 Full Text: PDF


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 955-956
Author(s):  
Jean Oh ◽  
Julia Nakamura ◽  
Eric Kim

Abstract As healthcare costs rise steadily and rapidly, researchers and policymakers are increasingly interested in reducing healthcare utilization costs. Growing evidence documents many factors that may influence healthcare utilization; however, less is known about how changes in candidate predictors influence subsequent healthcare utilization. Using data from 11,374 participants in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS)—a diverse, longitudinal, and nationally representative sample of older adults in the United States, we evaluated a large range of candidate predictors of overnight hospitalizations. Using generalized linear regression models with a lagged exposure-wide approach, we evaluated if changes in 62 predictors over four-years (between t0;2006/2008 and t1;2010/2012) were associated with subsequent hospitalizations during the two years prior to t2 (2012-2014 (Cohort A) or 2014-2016 (Cohort B)). After adjustment for a rich set of baseline covariates, changes in some health behaviors (e.g., frequent physical activity), physical health conditions (e.g., no physical functioning limitations), and psychosocial factors (e.g., higher purpose in life, lower anxiety, more volunteering) were associated with decreased hospitalizations four years later. However, there was little evidence that other factors (e.g. smoking, obesity) were associated with subsequent hospitalizations. Notably, some psychosocial factors had effect sizes as large as some physical health conditions. Several indicators of physical health, health behaviors, and psychosocial well-being may predict subsequent hospitalizations, and these factors may be novel targets for interventions and policies aiming to reduce healthcare costs in older adults.


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katelyn N. G. Long ◽  
Everett L. Worthington ◽  
Tyler J. VanderWeele ◽  
Ying Chen

Abstract Background Forgiveness is a concept of growing interest within psychology and of potential relevance to public health. While there has been increasing evidence suggesting positive associations between forgiveness of others and a range of psychosocial well-being and mental health outcomes, its associations with health behaviors and physical health are less clear. Methods This study used longitudinal data from the Nurses’ Health Study II (2008 Trauma Exposure and Post-traumatic Stress Supplementary Survey to 2015 questionnaire wave, N = 54,703), to conduct an outcome-wide analysis among a cohort of female nurses in the United States (age range: 43–64 years). The study prospectively examines the association between spiritually motivated forgiveness of others and a number of of subsequent psychosocial well-being, mental health, health behavior, and physical health outcomes in midlife. A set of linear, logistic, and Poisson regression models were used to regress each outcome on forgiveness in separate models. Sociodemographic factors, prior religious service attendance, and prior values of all outcome variables were controlled for wherever data were available. To account for multiple testing, we performed Bonferroni correction. Results Forgiveness was associated with subsequent improved psychosocial well-being and reduced psychological distress outcomes in a monotonic pattern. For instance, the top versus bottom level of forgiveness was associated with substantially higher levels of subsequent positive affect (β = 0.18, 95% CI: 0.15, 0.21) and social integration (β = 0.15, 95% CI: 0.13, 0.17), and was inversely associated with several indicators of subsequent psychological distress such as depressive symptoms (β = − 0.16, 95% CI: − 0.19, − 0.14). However, in this sample, there was little evidence that forgiveness was associated with health behaviors or physical health outcomes. Discussion This study suggests that forgiveness may be a health asset for promoting population mental health and psychosocial well-being, and moreover may also be understood as a good in itself. Further investigation on the dynamics between forgiveness and physical health is warranted to explore the discrepancy between the results here and some past research.


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