Social movement involvement and healthy diet and activity behaviors among US adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 490-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A Emley ◽  
Dara R Musher-Eizenman
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
College Population ◽  
Intrinsic Motivators

Summary Unhealthy lifestyle behaviors, namely poor diet and inadequate physical activity, significantly contribute to poor health and obesity risk, which in turn impact chronic illness outcomes. A possible approach to improving these health behaviors and subsequent outcomes is to capitalize on the theorized link between social movement involvement and overlapping health behaviors. Social movement involvement may be a viable stealth intervention for health, utilizing intrinsic motivators to improve health without an explicit focus on changing health behavior. Thus, the current study explored the links between social movement involvement and diet and physical activity. Two samples from a college population (N = 196) and the general population (N = 195) participated in an online survey, which included measures of social movement involvement, social movement-related health behaviors and dietary intake and physical activity. After controlling for known covariates, social movement-related health behaviors mediated the relationship between level of social movement involvement and fruit and vegetable consumption, whole grain intake and average daily physical activity in both samples. These findings suggest that health behaviors associated with social movement involvement may be an important mechanism in promoting health among social movement members and that the model holds across adult populations. This research adds to existing literature on stealth interventions as a viable means of improving important behavioral health components linked with obesity and chronic disease and supports social movement involvement as a potential form of stealth intervention.

scholarly journals Indirect Health Effects of COVID-19: Unhealthy Lifestyle Behaviors during the Lockdown in the United Arab Emirates

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1964
Author(s):  
Hadia Radwan ◽  
Mahra Al Kitbi ◽  
Hayder Hasan ◽  
Marwa Al Hilali ◽  
Nada Abbas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Lifestyle Change ◽  
Change Score ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results

Background: Lockdown measures were implemented in many countries to limit the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, such restrictions could precipitate unintended negative consequences on lifestyle behaviors. The main objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and determinants of unhealthy behavior changes during the COVID-19 lockdown among residents of the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Methods: A cross-sectional web-based survey of adults residing in the UAE was carried out during lockdown (n = 2060). Using a multi-component questionnaire, the collected data included questions regarding the following lifestyle changes: Increased dietary intake, increased weight, decreased physical activity, decreased sleep, and increased smoking. An unhealthy lifestyle change score was calculated based on the number of unhealthy lifestyle changes each participant reported. In addition, sociodemographic and living conditions information was collected. Descriptive statistics as well as simple and multiple linear regression analyses were used to examine the prevalence and determinants of the unhealthy lifestyle changes considered in this study. Results: Among the unhealthy lifestyle changes examined, increased food intake was the most common (31.8%), followed by decreased physical activity (30%), increased weight (29.4%), decreased sleep (20.8%), and increased smoking (21%). In addition to identifying the correlates of each of the aforementioned lifestyle changes, the results of the multiple regression linear analyses revealed the following correlates for the overall unhealthy lifestyle change score: females (β = 0.32, CI: 0.22; 0.42), living in an apartment (β = 0.12, CI: 0.003; 0.23) and being overweight/obese (β = 0.24, CI: 0.15; 0.32) had higher scores, while older adults (>40 years) had lower scores (β = −0.23, CI: −0.34; −0.12). Conclusions: The COVID-19 lockdown has resulted in a high prevalence of unhealthy lifestyle behaviors and practices among UAE residents. The findings of this study provided the evidence base for officials to design interventions targeting high-risk groups and aiming to improve healthy lifestyle factors among residents during the pandemic.

scholarly journals Lifestyle Changes and Determinants of Children’s and Adolescents’ Body Weight Increase during the First COVID-19 Lockdown in Greece: The COV-EAT Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 930
Author(s):  
Odysseas Androutsos ◽  
Maria Perperidi ◽  
Christos Georgiou ◽  
Giorgos Chouliaras
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Weight Increase ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Lifestyle Habits ◽  
Body Weight Increase

Previous studies showed that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown imposed changes in adults’ lifestyle behaviors; however, there is limited information regarding the effects on youth. The COV-EAT study aimed to report changes in children’s and adolescents’ lifestyle habits during the first COVID-19 lockdown and explore potential associations between changes of participants’ lifestyle behaviors and body weight. An online survey among 397 children/adolescents and their parents across 63 municipalities in Greece was conducted in April–May 2020. Parents self-reported changes of their children’s lifestyle habits and body weight, as well as sociodemographic data of their family. The present study shows that during the lockdown, children’s/adolescents’ sleep duration and screen time increased, while their physical activity decreased. Their consumption of fruits and fresh fruit juices, vegetables, dairy products, pasta, sweets, total snacks, and breakfast increased, while fast-food consumption decreased. Body weight increased in 35% of children/adolescents. A multiple regression analysis showed that the body weight increase was associated with increased consumption of breakfast, salty snacks, and total snacks and with decreased physical activity. The COV-EAT study revealed changes in children’s and adolescents’ lifestyle behaviors during the first COVID-19 lockdown in Greece. Effective strategies are needed to prevent excessive body weight gain in future COVID-19 lockdowns.

scholarly journals Individual-Level Determinants of Lifestyle Behavioral Changes during COVID-19 Lockdown in the United States: Results of an Online Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 4364
Author(s):  
Xiaotao Zhang ◽  
Abiodun Oluyomi ◽  
LeChauncy Woodard ◽  
Syed Ahsan Raza ◽  
Maral Adel Fahmideh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Diet And Physical Activity ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors

This study examined individual-level determinants of self-reported changes in healthy (diet and physical activity) and addictive (alcohol use, smoking, and vaping) lifestyle behaviors during the initial COVID-19 lockdown period in the USA. A national online survey was administered between May and June 2020 that targeted a representative U.S. sample and yielded data from 1276 respondents, including 58% male and 50% racial/ethnic minorities. We used univariate and multivariable linear regression models to examine the associations of sociodemographic, mental health, and behavioral determinants with self-reported changes in lifestyle behaviors. Some study participants reported increases in healthy lifestyle behaviors since the pandemic (i.e., 36% increased healthy eating behaviors, and 33% increased physical activity). However, they also reported increases in addictive lifestyle behaviors including alcohol use (40%), tobacco use (41%), and vaping (46%). With regard to individual-level determinants, individuals who reported adhering to social distancing guidelines were also more likely to report increases in healthy lifestyle behaviors (β = 0.12, 95% CI 0.04 to 0.21). Conversely, women (β = −0.37, 95% CI −0.62 to −0.12), and unemployed individuals (β = −0.33, 95% CI −0.64 to −0.02) were less likely to report increases in healthy lifestyle behaviors. In addition, individuals reporting anxiety were more likely to report increases in addictive behaviors (β = 0.26, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.43). Taken together, these findings suggest that women and unemployed individuals may benefit from interventions targeting diet and physical activity, and that individuals reporting anxiety may benefit from interventions targeting smoking and alcohol cessation to address lifestyle changes during the pandemic.

scholarly journals Combined Effects of Unhealthy Lifestyle Behaviors on Metabolic Syndrome among Postmenopausal Women

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 848
Author(s):  
Jin-Suk Ra ◽  
Hyesun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Impaired Fasting Glucose ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Dietary Behavior ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽  
Insufficient Physical Activity

This study aimed to identify the combined effects of unhealthy lifestyle behaviors, including diet, sedentary behavior, and physical activity on metabolic syndrome (MS) and components of MS among postmenopausal women. Secondary data analysis was conducted using the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2014–2018) with a cross-sectional study design. Logistic regression analysis was conducted with data from 6114 Korean postmenopausal women. While no significant effects of unhealthy lifestyle behaviors, either individually or as a combination, were found for MS, prolonged sedentary behavior without poor dietary behavior and insufficient physical activity was associated with increased likelihood of abdominal obesity (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 1.59, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.10–2.29) and impaired fasting glucose (AOR: 1.54, 95% CI: 1.13–2.10). The combination of poor dietary behavior and prolonged sedentary behaviors was also associated with increased likelihood of abdominal obesity (AOR: 1.48, 95% CI: 1.10–2.00) and impaired fasting glucose (AOR: 1.49, 95% CI: 1.14–1.96). In addition, prolonged sedentary behavior and insufficient physical activity together were associated with increased likelihood of abdominal obesity (AOR: 2.81, 95% CI: 1.90–4.20) and impaired fasting glucose (AOR: 1.59, 95% CI: 1.13–2.24). Finally, combining poor dietary behavior, prolonged sedentary behavior, and insufficient physical activity was also associated with increased likelihood of abdominal obesity (AOR: 2.05, 95% CI: 1.50–2.80) and impaired fasting glucose (AOR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.32–2.23). Strategies for replacing sedentary behavior of postmenopausal women with activities are warranted for prevention of abdominal obesity and impaired fasting glucose.

scholarly journals 660 Chronotype Associations with Insomnia, Depressive Symptoms, and Changes in Sleep and Health Behaviors during the COVID-19 Pandemic

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A258-A258
Author(s):  
Megan Petrov ◽  
Matthew Buman ◽  
Dana Epstein ◽  
Shawn Youngstedt ◽  
Nicole Hoffmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Time In Bed ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Introduction Evening chronotype (i.e., night owl preference) is associated with worse insomnia and depressive symptoms, and poorer health behaviors. The aim of this study was to examine the association between chronotype and these symptoms and health behaviors during COVID-19 pandemic quarantine. Methods An online survey, distributed internationally via social media from 5/21/2020–7/1/2020, asked adults to report sociodemographic/economic information, changes in sleep (midpoint, total sleep time, sleep efficiency, time-in-bed), and health behaviors (i.e., physical activity, sedentary screen time, and outdoor light exposure patterns) from prior to during the pandemic, chronotype preference (definitely morning [DM], rather more morning [RM], rather more evening [RE], or definitely evening [DE]), and complete the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale (CES-D-10). Multinomial logistic regression and ANCOVA models, adjusting for age and sex, examined associations of chronotype with COVID-19 pandemic related impacts on sleep, depressive symptoms, and health behaviors. Results A subsample of 579 participants (M age: 39y, range: 18–80; 73.6% female), currently under quarantine and neither pregnant nor performing shift work, represented each chronotype evenly (~25%). Participants delayed their sleep midpoint by 72.0min (SD=111.5) during the pandemic. DE chronotypes had a greater delay than morning types (M±SD DE: 91.0±9.0 vs. RM: 55.9±9.2 & DM: 66.1±9.3; p=0.046) with no significant change in other sleep patterns relative to other chronotypes. However, DE and RE chronotypes had greater odds of reporting that their new sleep/wake schedule was still not consistent with their “body clock” preference relative to morning types (Χ2[15]=54.8, p<0.001), reported greater ISI (F[3,503]=5.3, p=.001) and CES-D-10 scores (F[3,492]=7.9, p<.001), and had greater odds for increased or consistently moderate-to-high sedentary screen time (Χ2[12]=22.7, p=0.03) and decreased physical activity (Χ2[12]=22.5, p=0.03) than DM chronotype. There was no significant difference in change in outdoor light exposure by chronotype (Χ2[12]=12.1, p=0.43). Conclusion In an international online sample of adults under COVID-19 pandemic quarantine, evening chronotypes, despite taking the opportunity to delay sleep to match biological clock preference, reported their sleep/wake schedules were still inconsistent with personal preference, and reported greater insomnia and depressive symptoms, and odds of engaging in poorer health behaviors than morning chronotypes. Support (if any):

scholarly journals Effect of a Multi-Component, School-Based Intervention on Health Behaviors of Elementary School Students (FS16-04-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail Gilman ◽  
Michael Bruneau ◽  
Tanja Kral ◽  
Brandy-Joe Milliron ◽  
Patricia Shewokis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
School Students ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
School Based Intervention ◽  
The Core ◽  
School Based ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
Tests Of Independence

Abstract Objectives We examined the effect of a three year, multi-component, school-based intervention on health behaviors of elementary school students. Methods The multi-component, obesity intervention was provided by community partners to 13 schools over three years. Schools were assigned into three varying Levels of Intervention: “Core” Schools (n = 4) received weekly interventions, “Level 1” Schools (n = 5) received monthly interventions, and Control Schools (n = 5) received no intervention. Participants completed self-reported questionnaires assessing several health behaviors, including fruit and vegetable consumption, and physical activity levels. Questionnaires were administered in the Fall and Spring of each year of the intervention. For this study, responses were analyzed from Year 3 and were compared to national recommendations. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests of independence examined Level of Intervention and questionnaire responses. Results No significant chi-square tests of independence were identified for the Level of Intervention and quantity of fruit or vegetable consumption. A significant (P = 0.003) chi-square test of independence assessing physical activity was identified in the Fall of Year 3. Descriptive analyses indicated that higher proportions of students in the Core and Level 1 Schools met national fruit, vegetable, and physical activity recommendations compared to students in Control Schools. Conclusions The higher frequency of intervention provided to students in the Core Schools did not influence the dietary behaviors of participants. However, receiving any intervention appeared to affect health behaviors of children receiving the intervention compared to the Control Schools. Funding Sources The Independence Blue Cross Foundation.

scholarly journals Walk Score® and Its Associations with Older Adults’ Health Behaviors and Outcomes

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yung Liao ◽  
Chien-Yu Lin ◽  
Ting-Fu Lai ◽  
Yen-Ju Chen ◽  
Bohyeon Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Tv Viewing ◽  
Health Lifestyle ◽  
Walk Score

This study aimed to investigate the associations between Walk Score® and lifestyle behaviors and health outcomes in older Taiwanese adults. A nationwide survey was conducted through telephone-based interviews with older adults (65 years and older) in Taiwan. Data on Walk Score®, lifestyle behaviors (physical activity, sedentary behavior, healthy eating behavior, alcohol use, and smoking status), health outcomes (overweight/obesity, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease), and personal characteristics were obtained from 1052 respondents. A binary logistic regression adjusting for potential confounders was employed. None of the Walk Score® categories were related to the recommended levels of total physical activity. The categories “very walkable” and “walker’s paradise” were positively related to total sedentary time and TV viewing among older adults. No significant associations were found between Walk Score® and other lifestyle health behaviors or health outcomes. While Walk Score® was not associated with recommended levels of physical activity, it was positively related to prolonged sedentary time in the context of a non-Western country. The different associations between the walk score and health lifestyle behaviors and health outcomes in different contexts should be noted.

Limited Improvements in Health Behaviors Suggest Need to Review Approaches to Health Promotion: A Repeated, Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 155982762090937
Author(s):  
Craig M. Becker ◽  
Kerry Sewell ◽  
Hui Bian ◽  
Joseph G. L. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Time Periods

Purpose. To broadly assess changes in key health behaviors (physical activity, fruit and vegetable consumption, smoking, and alcohol consumption) and one outcome (body mass index) between 2001-2006 and 2011-2016. Design. Repeated cross-sectional study. Setting. The United States of America. Participants. Noninstitutionalized adults age 24 to 39 participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Analysis. We used 2-sample t tests and χ2 tests to compare differences in health behaviors between the 2 time periods. Results. Data revealed a downward trend in both moderate and vigorous physical activity (P = .00), and fruit and vegetable consumption decreased (P = .003). Cigarette smoking decreased (P = .04), and there was no substantive change in heavy drinking between the 2 time periods. Body mass index was higher in the later time period (P = .00). Conclusion. Despite sustained funding efforts, we found little evidence that health behaviors improved between the 2 time periods. Indeed, many health behaviors have remained the same or worsened over time. These findings suggest the need to reflect on the appropriateness of the health promotion approaches being used.

scholarly journals Sedentary Lifestyle May Contribute to the Risk of Depression During the COVID-19 Pandemic : A Snapshot of Hungarian Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-119
Author(s):  
Tamás Berki ◽  
Bettina F. Pikó
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Social exclusion usually contributes to an increased vulnerability to mental health problems and risky health behaviors. This study aims to identify the role of health behavior in the increased risk of depressive symptoms among adolescents during the coronavirus pandemic in Hungary. Methods: A total of 705 high school students participated in our study (M = 15.9 years; SD = 1.19). The self-administered questionnaire included items about sociodemographics, eating habits, physical activity, sedentary behavior, and substance use. Depressive symptoms were measured using the short version of the Child Depression Inventory. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression were used to analyze our results. Results: Daily fruit and vegetable consumption was reported by 21.7% and 22.4% of respondents, respectively. The proportion of the respondents reporting daily sweets consumption stood at 13.2%, daily soft drinks consumption was 12.3%, and daily energy drink consumption tallied to 4.5%. More than one-third of the sample (35.5%) reported having breakfast every school day, which rose to 68.1% of the sample reporting breakfast on both weekend days. The rate of students engaged in daily physical activity was 6.5%, while 86.1% of them reported more than four hours screen time in a day. In addition, despite the mandatory confinement, a notable percentage of adolescents engaged in substance use. Consistent with previous studies, girls had a higher risk of depression. Low levels of physical activity and high levels of screen time – as well as alcohol and drug use – were associated with a high risk of depression. Conclusions: We believe our study provided useful information on adolescent health behaviors that can lead to adolescents’ depression, and that maintaining physical activity can prevent it even in these unusual circumstances.

scholarly journals Leadership and health : an examination of authentic leadership characteristics and physical health behaviors

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Melissa Bess
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Authentic Leadership ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Leadership Characteristics ◽  
Significant Relationships

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between authentic leadership characteristics and physical health behaviors, as defined by the Goolsby Leadership Model (Quick, Macik-Frey, and Cooper, 2007). Physical health was measured by physical activity, cigarette smoking, and fruit and vegetable consumption, which are three of four controllable health risk factors that are related to many of the negative consequences of chronic disease (National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, 2009). Authentic leadership was measured using the Authentic Leadership Questionnaire (ALQ) by Walumbwa et al. (2008), which measured four components of authentic leadership and produced an overall authentic leadership score. The overall leadership score did not have any significant relationships with the physical health behaviors but three authentic leadership components did have significant relationships with physical health. Specifically, self-awareness had significant relationships with physical activity and fruit consumption. Balanced processing had a significant relationship with physical activity and vegetable consumption and internalized moral perspective had a significant relationship with fruit consumption. Cigarette smoking did not have any significant relationships with the four components or the total authentic leadership score. While leadership behaviors and physical health do not have a strong relationship, they are both important in the workplace.

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