5. Leave it to the People: Democratic Pragmatism

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
John S. Dryzek
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
William James ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Everyday Language ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Liberal Capitalism ◽  
Charles Peirce

This chapter examines democratic pragmatism, a discourse of environmental problem solving that emerged as a corrective to administration. Democratic pragmatism may be characterized in terms of interactive problem solving within the basic institutional structure of liberal capitalist democracy. The word ‘pragmatism’ can have two connotations: the first is the way the word is used in everyday language, as signifying a practical, realistic orientation to the world, the opposite of starry-eyed idealism; the second refers to a school of thought in philosophy, associated with names such as William James, Charles Peirce, and John Dewey. This chapter treats democracy as a problem-solving discourse reconciled to the basic status quo of liberal capitalism. It first considers democratic pragmatism in action before discussing democratic pragmatism as government and governance. It also explores the rationality of democratic pragmatism, the discourse analysis of democratic pragmatism, and the limits of democratic pragmatism.

Communities of Practice and Critical Social Theory

2011 ◽  
pp. 49-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Communities Of Practice ◽  
Systems Development ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Information Systems Development ◽  
Objective Reality ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Human Participants

In philosophical terms, a key issue of communities of practice (CoPs) can be located within one of the key philosophical debates. The need for CoPs is traceable to the inadequacy in certain contexts of the so-called scientific or problem-solving method, which treats problems as independent of the people engaged on them. Examples of this can be drawn from the management domains of information systems development, project management, planning, and many others. In information systems development, for example, the whole basis of traditional systems analysis and design requires such an approach. In essence, in undertaking problem solving, the world is viewed as though it is made up of hard, tangible objects, which exist independently of human perception and about which knowledge may be accumulated by making the objects themselves the focus of our study. A more human-centered approach would, by contrast, see the world as interpreted through human perceptions: the reason why the problem cannot be solved is precisely because it lacks the objective reality required for problem solving. In taking this perspective, it may or may not be accepted that there exists a real world “out there”, but in any event, the position adopted is that our world can be known only through the perceptions of human participants. This question of objective reality is one with which philosophers have struggled for at least 2,500 years, and an understanding of it is essential to determining the need for, and purpose of, CoPs. The next section therefore discusses some of the philosophical issues relevant to the subjective-objective debate: a search for what, in these terms, it is possible for us to know and how we might know it.

scholarly journals A Cooperative Principle: Gricean Maxim Analysis upon a Japanese Light Novel of ‘Shūmatsu Nani Shitemasu Ka? Isogashii Desu Ka? Sukutte Moratte II Desu Ka?”

LEKSIKA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Vidya Mandarani ◽  
Nur Muhammad Ardiansyah
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Japanese Literature ◽  
Cooperative Principle ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
True Meaning ◽  
Compact Expression ◽  
The Common ◽  
General Truth ◽  
Cooperative Principles

This article describes the study of discourse analysis in a specified domain of maxim upon a selected work of Japanese literature, in form of light novel written by Akira Kareno and illustrated by Ue, entitled equals in English as ‘What Do You Do at the End of the World? Are You Busy? Will You Save Us?’. Several objectives are deduced by the researcher in quest of finding the forms of these cooperative principles within the passage. Briefly, maxim itself is a maxim is a compact expression of a general truth or rule of conduct. Also known as a proverb, saying, adage, sentential, and precept, which emphasized the use of formulaic ways of conveying the common wisdom of the people. In our analysis of ‘WorldEnd’ light novel, the varieties of Gricean maxim: maxim of quantity, quality, relevance, and manner, are discussed in order in relation with true meaning discovery behind each cooperative principles properties.

scholarly journals Munda Folktales of Jharkhand

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 1268-1276
Author(s):  
Laxmi Kumari ◽  
Md. Mojibur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Mental Functioning ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
The People ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Social And Cultural Factors ◽  
Expression Form

The present study aims at discourse analysis of Mundari Folktales of Jharkhand using sociocultural features. Discourse Analysis acts as an umbrella term for a rapidly growing field of research covering a wide range of different theoretical approaches and analytical emphases. It is assumed that different constructions of the world are represented in a number of ways. To understand different constructions, one needs to understand the factors that drive and shape the behavior of the people as individuals and collectively. The sociocultural discourse analysis focuses on the use of language as a social mode of thinking. The work of sociocultural theory is to explain how individual mental functioning is related to cultural, institutional, and historical context. This method will not only analyze words, sentences, expression, form and meaning but also analyze all kinds of social and cultural factors related to discourse. The intention behind the study is contribution to the repertoire of knowledge on Mundari folktales as an area which has remained unexplored over years. Despite being one of the major tribes of Jharkhand, these indigenous lives have not been a part of scholarly research yet. The tales are collected by different people and they are translated also but discourse study of the tales has not been dealt yet. Through the study of the tales one can learn their customs, culture, rituals, social activities and way of living. The emphases will be on analyzing people, their culture and society through the language used in the text.

1. Making Sense of Earth’s Politics: A Discourse Approach

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
John S. Dryzek
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Environmental Politics ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Environmental Discourses ◽  
The Way

This edition examines the politics of the Earth through reference to discourses based on the argument that language matters, that the way we construct, interpret, discuss, and analyze environmental problems has all kinds of consequences. The goal is to elucidate the basic structure of the discourses that have dominated recent environmental politics, and to present their history, conflicts, and transformations. The text discusses four basic environmental discourses: environmental problem solving, limits and survival, sustainability, and green radicalism. This introduction provides an overview of the changing terms of environmental politics, questions to ask about discourses, the differences that discourses make, and the uses of discourse analysis.

scholarly journals Neoconservatism as discourse: Virtue, power and US foreign policy

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengxin Pan ◽  
Oliver Turner
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Political Context ◽  
Us Foreign Policy ◽  
Policy Preferences ◽  
Close Attention ◽  
The People ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
The 1960S

Neoconservatism in US foreign policy is a hotly contested subject, yet most scholars broadly agree on what it is and where it comes from. From a consensus that it first emerged around the 1960s, these scholars view neoconservatism through what we call the ‘3Ps’ approach, defining it as a particular group of people (‘neocons’), an array of foreign policy preferences and/or an ideological commitment to a set of principles. While descriptively intuitive, this approach reifies neoconservatism in terms of its specific and often static ‘symptoms’ rather than its dynamic constitutions. These reifications may reveal what is emblematic of neoconservatism in its particular historical and political context, but they fail to offer deeper insights into what is constitutive of neoconservatism. Addressing this neglected question, this article dislodges neoconservatism from its perceived home in the ‘3Ps’ and ontologically redefines it as a discourse. Adopting a Foucauldian approach of archaeological and genealogical discourse analysis, we trace its discursive formations primarily to two powerful and historically enduring discourses of the American self — virtue and power — and illustrate how these discourses produce a particular type of discursive fusion that is ‘neoconservatism’. We argue that to better appreciate its continued effect on contemporary and future US foreign policy, we need to pay close attention to those seemingly innocuous yet deeply embedded discourses about the US and its place in the world, as well as to the people, policies and principles conventionally associated with neoconservatism.

scholarly journals Persuasive power concerning COVID-19 employed by Premier Imran Khan: A socio-political discourse analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 208-230
Author(s):  
Zafar Iqbal ◽  
Muhammad Zammad Aslam ◽  
Talha Aslam ◽  
Rehana Ashraf ◽  
Muhammad Kashif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
The People ◽  
Political Discourse Analysis ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Precautionary Measures

The researchers investigate Pakistani Premier Imran Khan’s (IK) addresses to the nation concerning awareness about the causes, effects, precautions, and solutions of the Novel Corona Virus (COVID-19). Till the date, experts are not sure whether the vaccine will get developed or would we have to live with this as we did with HIV or Dengue. Consequently, leaders would need to address their nations, focusing specifically on precautions. The present research employs Aristotle’s persuasive and rhetorical devices, integrating them with Socio-Political Discourse Analysis (SPDA), to understand the social and political convincing style employed by the premiere. The researchers analyzed the data employing a qualitative approach. There are reliable findings to suggest that IK has used stable linguistic features to persuade the minds of the people, convincing them to follow the precautionary measures as ‘the only cure.’ The defending arguments about semi-lockdown or smart-lockdown were well-defined persuading the individuals; for instance, he suggested the smart-lockdown during his first address and faced criticism from the opposition. Later, the opposition and the world appreciated the policy of IK, the Premier of Pakistan, even being a developing country in the sight of the world. After one month of the first patient of the corona case reported in China, the policy of smart-lockdown was followed by most of the states fighting against COVID-19. Moreover, The Premier successfully persuaded the international financial organizations – IMF, World Bank, Development Banks, convincing them to waive off the pending payments of developing countries for the upcoming year.Keywords: COVID19, Persuasion, Socio-Political Discourse Analysis, Speeches, Linguistic Features

scholarly journals CARBON TRADING AND CARBON CREDITS HELP IN CLIMATE CHANGE PROBLEM SOLVING

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (9SE) ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Diwakar Singh Tomar
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Carbon Trading ◽  
The World ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Change Problem

Climate change remains the most burning environmental problem at the present time. Green houses are the most responsible for climate change. Green house gases include gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, ozone. Carbon dioxide is the most dangerous in this. The more developed the country, the greater its participation in carbon emissions.According to a report by the World Resource Institute, India, despite being the fourth largest carbon emitting nation in the world, is far behind the top three carbon emission nations in per capita carbon emissions.Top 05 nations producing greenhouse gas emissions वर्तमान समय में जलवायु परिवर्तन सबसे ज्वलंत पर्यावरणीय समस्या बनी हुई है। जलवायु परिवर्तन के लिए सबसे अधिक जिम्मेदार ग्रीन हाऊस गैसें है। ग्रीन हाऊस गैसों के अन्तर्गत कार्बनडाई आक्साइड, मिथेन, नाइट्रस आक्साइड, ओजोन जैसी गैसें आती हैं। इसमें कार्बनडाईआक्साइड सबसे खतरनाक है। जो देष जितना ज्यादा विकसित है कार्बन उत्सर्जन में उसकी भागीदारी उतनी ही ज्यादा है।वल्र्ड रिसोर्सेृज इंस्टीट्यूट की एक रिपोर्ट के अनुसार भारत विष्व में चैथा सबसे बड़ा कार्बन उत्सर्जक राष्ट्र होने के बाबजूद प्रतिव्यक्ति कार्बन उत्सर्जन में भारत ष्षीर्ष तीन कार्बन उत्सर्जन राष्ट्रों से काफी पीछे है।ग्रीन हाऊस गैस उत्सर्जन करने वाली शीर्ष 05 राष्ट्र

Communities of Practice and Critical Social Theory

2011 ◽  
pp. 2984-2990
Author(s):  
Steve Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Communities Of Practice ◽  
Systems Development ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Information Systems Development ◽  
Objective Reality ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Human Participants

In philosophical terms, a key issue of communities of practice (CoPs) can be located within one of the key philosophical debates. The need for CoPs is traceable to the inadequacy in certain contexts of the so-called scientific or problem-solving method, which treats problems as independent of the people engaged on them. Examples of this can be drawn from the management domains of information systems development, project management, planning, and many others. In information systems development, for example, the whole basis of traditional systems analysis and design requires such an approach. In essence, in undertaking problem solving, the world is viewed as though it is made up of hard, tangible objects, which exist independently of human perception and about which knowledge may be accumulated by making the objects themselves the focus of our study. A more human-centered approach would, by contrast, see the world as interpreted through human perceptions: the reason why the problem cannot be solved is precisely because it lacks the objective reality required for problem solving. In taking this perspective, it may or may not be accepted that there exists a real world “out there”, but in any event, the position adopted is that our world can be known only through the perceptions of human participants. This question of objective reality is one with which philosophers have struggled for at least 2,500 years, and an understanding of it is essential to determining the need for, and purpose of, CoPs. The next section therefore discusses some of the philosophical issues relevant to the subjective-objective debate: a search for what, in these terms, it is possible for us to know and how we might know it.

7. Greener Growth: Sustainable Development

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
John S. Dryzek
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Environmental Dispute

This chapter examines sustainable development, an integrating discourse covering environmental issues from the local to the global, as well as a host of economic and development concerns. Sustainable development is different from Promethean discourse because it requires coordinated collective efforts to achieve goals, rather than relying on human spontaneity and ingenuity. It is also different from environmental problem solving discourses because it is much more imaginative in its reconceptualization of the terms of environmental dispute and in its dissolution of some long-standing conflicts. After explaining what sustainable development is, the chapter provides a historical background on the concept. It then considers the discourse analysis of sustainable development and concludes by reflecting on the prospects for the success or failure of sustainable development.

What does self-determination mean today? The resurgence of nationalism and European integration in question

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard Delanty
Keyword(s):  
European Integration ◽  
Cultural Pluralism ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
The Past ◽  
World Today ◽  
The People ◽  
Collective Self ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status

The paradox of nationalism today in Europe is that while there is ever more demand and opportunities for nationalism it has become more divisive than ever before. Nationalism now divides the nation rather than uniting it. For this reason, its capacity to offer an alternative to the status quo is severely limited. In the past collective self-determination was predicated on the presumption of a defined people who were resisting external domination and sought to bring about a new polity. The world today, especially in Europe, has made this more difficult, if not impossible. There is now an entirely new context for nationalism and the appeal to self-determination in the name of 'the people' is no longer able to achieve the same results. The politics of self-determination, as reflected in separatist movements, runs up against the problems of democracy and cultural pluralism, which tend to frustrate the capacity of nationalism to achieve its aims. The argument given in this paper is that the rise of nationalism is de-stabilising for Europeanisation but does not endanger it.

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