scholarly journals PSVII-9 Post transcriptional modifications may lead to changes in newborn goats’ skeletal muscle proteome as a consequence of maternal feed restriction at different stages of gestation

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 167-168
Author(s):  
Thaís Costa ◽  
Tiago Mendes ◽  
Felipe Moura ◽  
Ranyeri Souza ◽  
Marta Fontes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Protein Extraction ◽  
Muscle Metabolism ◽  
Shotgun Proteomics ◽  
Nucleotide Metabolism ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Citrate Cycle ◽  
Maintenance Requirement ◽  
The Impact

Abstract We aimed to investigate the impact of maternal feed restriction at different stages of gestation on proteomic profile in the skeletal muscle of newborn goats. A total of 14 pregnant dams were randomly divided into one of the follow dietary treatments: Animals fed at 50% of maintenance requirement from 8-84 d of gestation and then fed at 100% maintenance requirement from day 85 of gestation to parturition (RM, n = 6), and animals fed at 100% of maintenance requirement from 8-84 d of gestation and then fed at 50% maintenance requirement from day 85 of gestation to parturition (MR, n = 8). Longissimus muscle was sampled from male newborn goats and submitted to sarcoplasmic protein extraction and liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis. The raw data were processed with MaxQuant (1.6.3.3) software with parameters set to default values. Label-free quantification (LFQ) was added and only protein ratios calculated from at least two unique peptides were considered. Our data showed 3 differentially expressed proteins down-regulated in RM (q-value < 0.05). Additionally, we observed proteins present exclusively in each treatment (RM= 137 proteins; MR= 41 proteins). The overall enriched pathways in RM newborn goats are associated with glycolysis (PKM), NADPH synthesis (PGD), lipid oxidation (ECHS1, ACAT1) and citrate cycle (ACO1, OGDH). While the overall enriched pathways in MR newborn goats are associated with glycolysis/gluconeogenesis (GAPDH, ENO) and citrate cycle (PDHA, IDH3A). In addition, correlation analysis between shotgun proteomics and RNAseq data from the same samples showed that there were no relationships between proteins and transcripts observed. These results indicate that maternal feed restriction during different stages of gestation alters enzymes and protein domains abundance associated with nucleotide metabolism in the skeletal muscle of newborn goats. Moreover, the lack of correlation between protein-transcript suggests the importance of post-transcriptional regulation of skeletal muscle metabolism as a consequence of maternal feed restriction at different stages of gestation.

scholarly journals Re-Setting the Circadian Clock Using Exercise against Sarcopenia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 3106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youngju Choi ◽  
Jinkyung Cho ◽  
Mi-Hyun No ◽  
Jun-Won Heo ◽  
Eun-Jeong Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Circadian Clock ◽  
Intervention Strategy ◽  
Muscle Metabolism ◽  
Circadian Disruption ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes ◽  
Exercise Timing ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
The Impact

Sarcopenia is defined as the involuntary loss of skeletal muscle mass and function with aging and is associated with several adverse health outcomes. Recently, the disruption of regular circadian rhythms, due to shift work or nocturnal lifestyle, is emerging as a novel deleterious factor for the development of sarcopenia. The underlying mechanisms responsible for circadian disruption-induced sarcopenia include molecular circadian clock and mitochondrial function associated with the regulation of circadian rhythms. Exercise is a potent modulator of skeletal muscle metabolism and is considered to be a crucial preventative and therapeutic intervention strategy for sarcopenia. Moreover, emerging evidence shows that exercise, acting as a zeitgeber (time cue) of the skeletal muscle clock, can be an efficacious tool for re-setting the clock in sarcopenia. In this review, we provide the evidence of the impact of circadian disruption on skeletal muscle loss resulting in sarcopenia. Furthermore, we highlight the importance of exercise timing (i.e., scheduled physical activity) as a novel therapeutic strategy to target circadian disruption in skeletal muscle.

scholarly journals Next-Generation Proteomics Reveals a Greater Antioxidative Response to Drought in Coffea arabica Than in Coffea canephora

Agronomy ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 148
Author(s):  
Isabel Marques ◽  
Duarte Gouveia ◽  
Jean-Charles Gaillard ◽  
Sónia Martins ◽  
Magda C. Semedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Shotgun Proteomics ◽  
Coffea Canephora ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Major Threat ◽  
The Core ◽  
Antioxidative Response ◽  
Core Proteome ◽  
Proteomic Response ◽  
The Impact

Drought is a major threat to coffee, compromising the quality and quantity of its production. We have analyzed the core proteome of 18 Coffea canephora cv. Conilon Clone 153 and C. arabica cv. Icatu plants and assessed their responses to moderate (MWD) and severe (SWD) water deficits. Label-free quantitative shotgun proteomics identified 3000 proteins in both genotypes, but less than 0.8% contributed to ca. 20% of proteome biomass. Proteomic changes were dependent on the severity of drought, being stronger under SWD and with an enrolment of different proteins, functions, and pathways than under MWD. The two genotypes displayed stress-responsive proteins under SWD, but only C. arabica showed a higher abundance of proteins involved in antioxidant detoxification activities. Overall, the impact of MWD was minor in the two genotypes, contrary to previous studies. In contrast, an extensive proteomic response was found under SWD, with C. arabica having a greater potential for acclimation/resilience than C. canephora. This is likely supported by a wider antioxidative response and an ability to repair photosynthetic structures, being crucial to develop new elite genotypes that assure coffee supply under water scarcity levels.

Using exercise training to understand control of skeletal muscle metabolism

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-110
Author(s):  
Martin J. Gibala
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Metabolic Control ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Muscle Metabolism ◽  
Integrative Physiology ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Metabolism ◽  
Scientific Curiosity ◽  
The Impact

Bengt Saltin believed that exercise was the unsurpassed tool to study human integrative physiology. He demonstrated this over the course of his career by employing physical training as a model to advance our understanding of skeletal muscle metabolic control and the impact of physical activity on performance and health. Bengt was also a pioneer in advocating the concept of exercise is medicine. His scientific curiosity was perhaps exceeded only by his generosity.

scholarly journals The Roles of Vitamin D in Skeletal Muscle: Form, Function, and Metabolism

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian M. Girgis ◽  
Roderick J. Clifton-Bligh ◽  
Mark W. Hamrick ◽  
Michael F. Holick ◽  
Jenny E. Gunton
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Muscle Weakness ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Muscle Metabolism ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Calcium Handling ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Beyond its established role in bone and mineral homeostasis, there is emerging evidence that vitamin D exerts a range of effects in skeletal muscle. Reports of profound muscle weakness and changes in the muscle morphology of adults with vitamin D deficiency have long been described. These reports have been supplemented by numerous trials assessing the impact of vitamin D on muscle strength and mass and falls in predominantly elderly and deficient populations. At a basic level, animal models have confirmed that vitamin D deficiency and congenital aberrations in the vitamin D endocrine system may result in muscle weakness. To explain these effects, some molecular mechanisms by which vitamin D impacts on muscle cell differentiation, intracellular calcium handling, and genomic activity have been elucidated. There are also suggestions that vitamin D alters muscle metabolism, specifically its sensitivity to insulin, which is a pertinent feature in the pathophysiology of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. We will review the range of human clinical, animal, and cell studies that address the impact of vitamin D in skeletal muscle, and discuss the controversial issues. This is a vibrant field of research and one that continues to extend the frontiers of knowledge of vitamin D's broad functional repertoire.

Evaluating the impact of methionine-enriched diets in the liver of European seabass through label-free shotgun proteomics

2021 ◽  
Vol 232 ◽  
pp. 104047 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Farinha ◽  
Denise Schrama ◽  
Tomé Silva ◽  
Luís E.C. Conceição ◽  
Rita Colen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shotgun Proteomics ◽  
Label Free ◽  
European Seabass ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals PSVII-10 Skeletal muscle transcriptome reveals gene expression differences in newborn goats' as a result of maternal feed restriction at different stages of gestation

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 167-167
Author(s):  
Thaís Costa ◽  
Tiago Mendes ◽  
Felipe Moura ◽  
Ranyeri Souza ◽  
Marta Fontes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Differentially Expressed Genes ◽  
Rna Extraction ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Tissue Development ◽  
Maintenance Requirement ◽  
And Performance

Abstract The current study aimed to identify differentially expressed genes and their biological process in the skeletal muscle of newborn goats as a function of maternal feed restriction during different stages of gestation. A total of 14 pregnant dams were randomly divided into one of the follow dietary treatments: Animals fed at 50% of maintenance requirement from 8-84 d of gestation and then fed at 100% of maintenance requirement from day 85 of gestation to parturition (RM, n = 6), and animals fed at 100% of maintenance requirement from 8-84 d of gestation and then fed at 50% of maintenance requirement from day 85 of gestation to parturition (MR, n = 8). At birth, all male offspring were euthanized and a sample of Logissimus muscle was collected for total RNA extraction and sequencing. Cuffdiff tool (Cufflinks 2.2.1) was used to count reads, normalize transcript expression (FPKM), and identify differentially expressed genes (DEG) between treatments. Network analysis was performed with String 11.0 using the available genome from the closest specie (Ovis aries). A total of 66 DEG (q-value < 0.05) were identified, with 6 up-regulated genes in skeletal muscle of RM compared to MR newborn goats. These genes are related to tissue development, such as CYTL1, UGT8, and NPNT. The 60 down-regulated genes in skeletal muscle of RM compared with MR newborn goats are related to transcription factors (TF) complex. Among the TF, FOS and JUNB families forms heterodimers in response to several stimuli (cytokines,growth factors, stress), and play key roles controlling a number of cellular processes, including signal transduction, cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. In conclusion, maternal feed restriction at different stages of gestation affects tissue development and changes the transcription pattern in the skeletal muscle of newborn goats, which may lead to negative consequences in animal growth and performance.

scholarly journals Excess of Free Fatty Acids as a Cause of Metabolic Dysfunction in Skeletal Muscle

2016 ◽  
pp. 193-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. TUMOVA ◽  
M. ANDEL ◽  
J. TRNKA
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Muscle Metabolism ◽  
Dietary Lipids ◽  
Metabolic Dysfunction ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Peripheral Tissues ◽  
Cellular Dysfunction ◽  
The Impact

Obesity is often associated with metabolic impairments in peripheral tissues. Evidence suggests an excess of free fatty acids (FFA) as one factor linking obesity and related pathological conditions and the impact of FFA overload on skeletal muscle metabolism is described herein. Obesity is associated with dysfunctional adipose tissue unable to buffer the flux of dietary lipids. Resulting increased levels and fluxes of plasma FFA lead to ectopic lipid deposition and lipotoxicity. FFA accumulated in skeletal muscle are associated with insulin resistance and overall cellular dysfunction. Mechanisms supposed to be involved in these conditions include the Randle cycle, intracellular accumulation of lipid metabolites, inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction or mitochondrial stress. These mechanisms are described and discussed in the view of current experimental evidence with an emphasis on conflicting theories of decreased vs. increased mitochondrial fat oxidation associated with lipid overload. Since different types of FFA may induce diverse metabolic responses in skeletal muscle cells, this review also focuses on cellular mechanisms underlying the different action of saturated and unsaturated FFA.

scholarly journals The Role of Surface Chemistry in the Efficacy of Protein and DNA Microarrays for Label-Free Detection: An Overview

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1026
Author(s):  
Elisa Chiodi ◽  
Allison M. Marn ◽  
Matthew T. Geib ◽  
M. Selim Ünlü
Keyword(s):  
Surface Chemistry ◽  
Surface Functionalization ◽  
Dna Microarrays ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Polymeric Coatings ◽  
Label Free Detection ◽  
Particle Imaging ◽  
Single Particle Imaging ◽  
The Impact

The importance of microarrays in diagnostics and medicine has drastically increased in the last few years. Nevertheless, the efficiency of a microarray-based assay intrinsically depends on the density and functionality of the biorecognition elements immobilized onto each sensor spot. Recently, researchers have put effort into developing new functionalization strategies and technologies which provide efficient immobilization and stability of any sort of molecule. Here, we present an overview of the most widely used methods of surface functionalization of microarray substrates, as well as the most recent advances in the field, and compare their performance in terms of optimal immobilization of the bioreceptor molecules. We focus on label-free microarrays and, in particular, we aim to describe the impact of surface chemistry on two types of microarray-based sensors: microarrays for single particle imaging and for label-free measurements of binding kinetics. Both protein and DNA microarrays are taken into consideration, and the effect of different polymeric coatings on the molecules’ functionalities is critically analyzed.

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