Effect of different selenium sources and concentrations on glutathione peroxidase activity and cholesterol metabolism of beef cattle

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janaina S da Silva ◽  
Alessandra F Rosa ◽  
Cristina T Moncau ◽  
Bárbara Silva Vignato ◽  
Silvana Marina P Pugine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Liver Concentration ◽  
Total Meat ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
And Control ◽  
Different Sources

Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different Se sources and concentrations on glutathione forms and cholesterol metabolism in beef cattle. Sixty-three Nellore bulls (412 ± 19 kg BW; 24 months old) were randomly assigned to a completely randomized design in a 2×3 + 1 factorial arrangement (63 pens; one animal/pen) with two Se sources (sodium selenite, ING and Se-yeast, ORG), three concentrations (0.3, 0.9 and 2.7 mg supplemental Se/kg DM), and control treatment (without Se supplementation) fed for 90 days. Blood samples were collected on d 0, 28, 56, and 84. Muscle and liver samples were collected at harvest. Hepatic GSSG (P = 0.004), GSH/GSSG ratio (P = 0.030), and GSH-Px (P = 0.004) were affected by Se source x concentration interaction. Oxidized glutathione was higher in the ORG group vs. ING at concentration 2.7 mg supplemental Se/kg DM, but at 0.3 mg supplemental Se/kg DM the ING group was higher than ORG. The liver GSH-Px activity was higher in the ORG group vs. ING at concentration 0.9 and 2.7 mg supplemental Se/kg DM. The GSH/GSSG ratio was the highest in animals fed 0.3 mg supplemental Se/kg DM of ORG. Selenium liver concentration increased linearly with the supplemental Se concentration in the diet (y = 0.0583 + 0.4254x, R 2 = 0.92, P < 0.0001), regardless of source. Total meat cholesterol was greater (P < 0.001) in CON (control) vs. SUP (supplemented, regardless source) group. The muscle GSH-Px activity was higher (P < 0.001) in SUP vs. CON and increased (P < 0.004) with increasing supplemental Se concentrations. There was an increase on VLDL, glucose, and triglycerides in ORG vs. ING (P ≤ 0.035). In general, serum Se was higher (P < 0.001) in SUP vs. CON and increased with increasing supplemental Se concentration. Lastly, the HMGCR concentration was lower (P = 0.002) in SUP (0.39 ng/mL) vs. CON (0.55 ng/mL). Selenium supplementation with different sources and concentrations has the potential to affect cholesterol metabolism by affecting GSH/GSSG ratio, GSH-Px, and the HMGCR.

Effect of Ethephon and Packaging Practices On Ripening of Mango cv. Maldah

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-163
Author(s):  
S Sapkota ◽  
D Kc ◽  
H Giri ◽  
M Saud ◽  
M Basnet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Quality Performance ◽  
Plastic Packaging ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Ethephon Treatment ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
And Control ◽  
Juice Content

The present research was conducted on two factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with eight treatments and three replications. A set of experiments were carried out to evaluate the effect of postharvest ethephon treatment and packaging on ripening of mango cv. Maldah. The treatments consisted of ripening agent i.e., ethephon and control treatment under different packaging condition i.e., fiber with hole, fiber without hole, plastic with hole and plastic without hole. The result revealed that different packaging condition and ripening agents influenced the ripening behavior of mango. The highest TSS (15.26), sugar-acid ratio (23.66) and juice content (126.05) were recorded with fiber (without hole) and the lowest TSS (12.60), sugar-acid ratio (9.01) and juice content (116.05) with plastic (without hole). The highest TA (1.44) was recorded with plastic (without hole) and the lowest (0.66) with fiber (without hole). Similarly, the highest BT (2.83) was recorded with fiber (with hole) and the lowest (1.66) with plastic (without hole). Firmness, sweetness, TSS and juice content were the highest with the interaction effect of fiber bag (without hole) and ethephon treatment. In conclusion, mango fruits with ethephon treatment packed in fiber bag (without hole) enhances quality and ripening of mango whereas under controlled condition and without hole plastic packaging mangoes had low quality performance in terms of physio-chemical properties. SAARC J. Agric., 19(1): 155-163 (2021)

scholarly journals Kajian Penggunaan Debu Limbah Tembakau dan Pemberian Vermikompos Terhadap Populasi Ditilenchus pada Bawang Merah

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Yanuar Mahir Hermawan ◽  
Subagiya Subagiya ◽  
Ato Sulistyo
Keyword(s):  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Nematode Population ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Variance Test ◽  
F Test ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Treatment Data ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
And Control

<p>Shallot is a high value commodity for Indonesian people. The rate of shallot production is considered quite slow considering of the increasing population, income, and the area of shallot cultivation. On the cultivation of shallots common obstacle of Ditylenchus that cause damage to the stems and shallot bulb. The dust of tobacco and vermicompost waste is known to suppress the development of nematodes. This study aims to examine the use of tobacco ash waste and vermicompost on the population of Ditylenchus nematodes as well as the growth and yield of shallot. This research was conducted at Faculty of Agriculture, Sebelas Maret University (UNS) Surakata in August to December 2016. The study was performed using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with treatments in the form of tobacco dust, vermicompost, combined tobacco dust and vermicompost and control treatment. Data were analyzed using variance test (F test) with 5% level. If the result shows significant effect then followed by DMRT of 5% level. The result of this research showed that the use of combination of tobacco ash waste and vermicompost could decrease nematode ditylenchus population in the soil. The use of tobacco ash waste could decrease total of parasite nematode population on plant tissue. The treatment didn’t give any effect to shallot’s yield. Shallot’s yield was not influenced by the existence of nematode ditylenchus and another on plant tissue.</p>

scholarly journals Injeção de imidacloprido no controle do pulgão-preto-do-coqueiro

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. ec02029
Author(s):  
José I. L. Moura ◽  
Rosane R. da C. Pereira ◽  
Lindolfo P. Santos Filho ◽  
Kátia C. B. Santos ◽  
Raul R. M. Valle
Keyword(s):  
Control Treatment ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Insecticide Application ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Trunk Injection ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Protection And Control ◽  
And Control

Trunk injection with Imidacloprid to control the palm aphid The injuries caused by the palm aphid, Cerataphis lataniae, on coconut plants may provoke economic losses. Thus, insecticide injection into the tree can provide protection and control against this pest. Our goal was to evaluate the efficiency of injection of imidacloprid on coconut trees to control the palm aphid. The experiment was carried out at the Lemos Maia experimental station, Ceplac, Una, Bahia, Brazil. The treatments applied were: 1) injection of 10 mL of the commercial product Provado® 200 SC (2 g i.a imidacloprid) in the stipe; 2) injection of 20 ml of Provado® 200 SC diluted in water (1 g i.a imidacloprid) and; 3) control (without insecticide application). The experiment was installed in a completely randomized design, with 15 replications, using leaf number 4 as samples. The parameters analyzed were number of aphids at 3 and 9 months after insecticide application and the number of leaflets/leaves with aphids at 26 months after application. The means were compared by the F and Tukey test at 5% probability level. All data were transformed into a log (x + 1). The aphid number and the number of leaflets per leaf infested with the aphid was higher in the control treatment. Thus, the application of imidacloprid via injection provided protection to coconut plants to the palm aphid, C. lataniae, until 26 months.

scholarly journals The Ability of Spirulina sp. Microalgae as A Phytoremediation Agents in Liquid Waste of Handling Fish from Cemara Market, Medan

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 286
Author(s):  
Astrid Fauzia Dewinta ◽  
Eddie Satria Hartono ◽  
Eri Yusni ◽  
Ipanna Enggar Susetya ◽  
Rizky Febriansyah Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Search Method ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Fish Market ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
And Control ◽  
The City

HighlightMicroalgae Spirullina sp. can remediate BOD levels reach on 75.59% with the experiment was 30% liquid waste and 70% water.Microalgae Spirullina sp. can remediate COD levels reach on 79.19% with the experiment was 30% liquid waste and 70% water.Microalgae Spirullina sp. can remediate TSS levels reach on 83.54% with the experiment was 30% liquid waste and 70% water.Microalgae Spirullina sp. can remediate ammonia levels reach on 89.15% with the experiment was 30% liquid waste and 70% water.AbstractContamination material from fish market activities, namely fish handling liquid waste, is a problem facing the city of Medan today. Reduce the level of liquid waste pollutants can be done biologically by using microalgae organisms. One  of them is like microalgae Spirulina sp. This study aims to determine the ability of Spirulina sp. for reducing the levels of pollutants in liquid waste of handling fish.There search method was use a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments and three replications. Addition of 100 mL of inoculant Spirulina sp. with a density of 1x105 ind/mL of  liquid waste mixed with fresh water with to reach a volume of 1000 mL. Each liquid waste concentration of 30%, 60%, 80%, 100%, and control (0%) added 1 mL Walne fertilizer. The results of initial measurements of liquid waste for parameters BOD, COD, TSS, ammonia, and phosphate, respectively are 26.50mg/L, 4400mg/L, 894mg/L, 1.10mg/L, and 16.7 mg/L. Based on the results, the best reduction in BOD level occured in the treatment of 30% (pA) of liquid waste is 17.64 mg/L with phytoremediation efficiency of  75.59%. The best reduction in COD levels occurred in the treatment of 30% (pA) of liquid waste is 1301.12 mg/L with phytoremediation efficiency of  79.19%. The best reduction in TSS levels occurred in the treatment of 60% (pB) of liquid waste is 411 mg/L with phytoremediation efficiency of 83.54%. The best reduction in ammonia levels was at 30% (pA) treatment, which was 0.38 mg/L with phytoremediation efficiency of 89.15%. While the best decrease in phosphate levels occurred in the control treatment (pK), which was 4.45 mg/L with phytoremediation efficiency of 97.35%.

scholarly journals Substitution of natural feed with artificial feed on the survival rate and growth rate of giant-snakehead Channa micropeltes

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-180
Author(s):  
Sarmila ◽  
Susilawati Susilawati ◽  
Sri Warastuti
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Weight Growth ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Trash Fish ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
And Control

The purpose of this study was to determine the best percentage of artificial feed substitution for growth and survival rate of giant-snakehead. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 levels of artificial feed substitution dose treatment, namely 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%, and control (without artificial substitution). The feed used in the form of fresh trash fish mixed with artificial feed FF-999 with a protein content of 35%. The results showed that the control treatment (100% trash fish) gave the best survival rate and spesific growth rate of 75% and 2.12%/day, respectively. Meanwhile, the percentage of artificial feed substitution treatment which gave the best survival rate and specific growth rate was found in the substitution percentage treatment of 25% artificial feed with a survival rate of 66.67% and a daily weight growth rate of 1.89%/day. Substitution of 100% artificial feed caused death with a 0% survival rate. Keywords: artificial feed, feed substitution, giant-snakehead, survival rate, growth ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan persentase substitusi pakan buatan yang terbaik untuk laju pertumbuhan, dan tingkat kelangsungan hidup ikan toman. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan perlakuan 4 level dosis substitusi pakan buatan yaitu 25%, 50%, 75% dan 100% serta 1 kontrol (tanpa substitusi pakan buatan). Pakan yang digunakan berupa ikan rucah segar dicampur dengan pakan buatan berupa pellet dengan merk FF-999 berkadar protein 35%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan kontrol (100% ikan rucah) memberikan tingkat kelangsungan hidup dan laju pertumbuhan berat harian terbaik masing-masing sebesar 75% dan 2.12%/hari. Sementara untuk perlakuan persentase substitusi pakan buatan yang memberikan tingkat kelangsungan hidup dan laju pertumbuhan terbaik terdapat pada perlakuan persentase substitusi sebesar 25% pakan buatan dengan tingkat kelangsungan hidup 66.67% dan laju pertumbuhan berat harian 1.89%/hari. Substitusi 100% pakan buatan menyebabkan kematian dengan tingkat kelangsungan hidup 0%. Kata kunci: ikan toman, kelangsungan hidup, laju pertumbuhan, pakan buatan, substitusi pakan.

scholarly journals Effect of biofertilizer obtained by anaerobic digestion of cassava effluent on the development of crambe plants

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 681-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andressa C. Neves ◽  
Camila N. Bergamini ◽  
Rafaela de O. Leonardo ◽  
Manoel P. Gonçalves ◽  
Dilcemara C. Zenatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Root Biomass ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Final Height ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Shoot And Root Biomass ◽  
Number Of Branches

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the effect of applying increasing doses of biofertilizer obtained by the anaerobic digestion of cassava effluent on the development of crambe plants. The experiment was conducted in a protected environment at the Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Palotina Sector, between April and August 2015. A completely randomized design was used, and five different treatments with the following doses were applied in five replicates: 0, 40, 80, 120, and 160 kg ha-1 of K2O. The following parameters related to plant development were evaluated: final height, stem diameter, number of branches, dry shoot and root biomass, mass of the grains, and oil content. The 160 kg K2O ha-1 dose was found to have the best influence on the plant development, because all the measured parameters reached their highest values at this dose, except for oil content, which attained the highest percentage in the case of the control treatment (0 kg ha-1 of K2O). This study proved that the biofertilizer obtained by anaerobic digestion of cassava effluent can be used as an alternative to regular fertilizers in cultivating crambe.

scholarly journals Effect of pasteurization and starter cultures on physicochemical and microbiological properties of costeño cheese

2016 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 8007-8014 ◽  
Author(s):  
José G. Serpa ◽  
Tulia I. Pérez ◽  
Elvis J. Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Lactococcus Lactis ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Starter Cultures ◽  
Sensorial Analysis ◽  
Pasteurized Milk ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
And Control ◽  
Microbiological Properties

The effect of pasteurization and starter cultures on physicochemical, microbiological and sensorial characteristics of costeño cheese was determined. A completely randomized design was conducted, three treatments (T) and three replicates: Treatment 1 (T1): cheese manufactured with pasteurized milk without starter cultures, Treatment 2 (T2): cheese manufactured with pasteurized milk with Lactococcus lactis and Lactococcus cremoris (1:1) and Treatment 3 (T3): cheese manufactured with pasteurized milk with Lactococcus lactis, Lactococcus cremoris and Streptococcus thermophillus(0.5:0.5:1). Treatments were compared to a control sample that was prepared with raw milk without starter cultures. Concentration of 1.5% (v/v) of culture was used in relation to the amount of used milk in each treatment. Moisture content was higher in all treatments compared to the control and protein and fat content were significantly lower. Acidity was significantly higher in samples from T2 y T3 compared to T1 and control, due to the metabolism of starter cultures. Total coliforms, yeast and mold counts showed a significant reduction due to pasteurization process in all treatments. Regarding sensorial analysis, hedonic test showed a greater preference in cheese manufactured with T2 (P<0.05). There were no significant preferences between T1, T3 and control. Additionally, yield was significantly higher with T1 (22%) and T3 (23%) compared to control.

scholarly journals Methionine plus cystine requirements for the maintenance and efficiency of utilization with tambaqui of different body weights

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neliane Galvão Porto ◽  
Felipe Barbosa Ribeiro ◽  
Jefferson Costa de Siqueira ◽  
Marcos Antonio Delmondes Bomfim ◽  
Rafael Silva Marchão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Native Fish ◽  
Amino Acid Requirement ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Protein Retention ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT Methionine is an essential amino acid, and generally, the first limiting one in the diets of tambaqui, the main native fish produced in continental aquaculture in South America. However, there is a lack of information on their amino acid requirement, especially for maintenance and efficiency of utilization. The present study aimed to determine the requirement of [methionine plus cystine] for the maintenance and efficiency of utilization using tambaqui of different body weights. Two experiments were carried out using 250 tambaqui with weights of 100 and 300 g. They were distributed in a completely randomized design with four treatment groups (0.264, 0.396, 0.528, and 0.660% of digestible [Met + Cys]), five replications. The control treatment (CT) was performed with the addition of methionine at the first level (0.264%) until the second level was reached (0.396%). The maintenance requirement was determined by the regression analysis between the consumption of [Met + Cys] and protein retention equal to zero. The efficiency was determined using the value of the slope coefficient of the line obtained by the linear regression. The protein and methionine retention values of tambaqui weighing 100 to 300 g were compared by the parallelism test, and no difference was observed between the parameters of the equations indicating the need for only one equation to describe the responses to body weights. The requirement of digestible [Met + Cys] for the maintenance of tambaqui with weights from 100 to 300 g was 60.47 mg kg-0.7 day-1 and the efficiency of utilization of 42%.

scholarly journals The Affection of Fine Bubbles (FBs) Application on Growth Siamese Catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) in Aquaponic System

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
Rahmad Afdillah ◽  
Yuli Andriani ◽  
Zahidah Hasan ◽  
. Rosidah ◽  
. Iskandar
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Effective Pressure ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Pangasianodon Hypophthalmus ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

This research aims was to determine the effective pressure on fine bubbles technology on the growth of Siamese catfish fry in the aquaponic system. This study uses a completely randomized design with four treatments and three replications. Treatment A (Control), Treatment B (FBs at a pressure of 4,5 atm), Treatment C (FBs at a pressure of 5 atm and treatment D (FBs at a pressure of 5,5 atm). The parameters observed were Specific Growth Rate, Survival Rate and water quality (Temperature, pH, DO, Ammonia) Data were analyzed using variance with the F test at a 95% confidence level. The best treatment for catfish growth was treatment D (5,5 atm pressure), which gave the highest SGR value of 7,24% and the highest SR value of 100%. The value of water quality parameters were in good condition for the growth and survival of catfish.

scholarly journals Pengaruh penambahan serbuk jagung pada komposisi media tanam terhadap pertumbuhan miselium bibit F1 jamur tiram putih (Pleurotus ostreatus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-170
Author(s):  
Muhaeming Muhaeming ◽  
Jamilah Jamilah ◽  
Zulkarnaim Zulkarnaim
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽  
Medium Composition ◽  
Oyster Mushroom ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Mycelium Growth ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Penambahan nutrisi perlu dilakukan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas pertumbuhan jamur tiram putih (Pleurotus ostreatus). Salah satu bahan yang dapat digunakan adalah serbuk jagung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan serbuk jagung pada komposisi media tanam terhadap pertumbuhan miselium bibit F1 jamur tiram putih (Pleurotus ostreatus) dan mengetahui konsentrasi serbuk jagung yang paling baik digunakan pada pertumbuhan  miselium bibit F1 jamur tiram putih (Pleurotus ostreatus). Penelitian ini mengunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan sehingga diperoleh 12 satuan percobaan; P0 (perlakuan kontrol), P1 (25%), P2 (50%), dan P3 (100%). Variabel yang diukur adalah persentase pertumbuhan miselium yang diamati pada hari ke-6, 12 dan 18 dan waktu penyebaran miselium Hari Setelah Inokulasi (HSI). Data hasil penelitian dianalisis menggunakan analysis of variance (ANOVA) dengan uji lanjut menggunakan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh pada pertumbuhan miselium bibit F1 jamur tiram putih (Pleurotus ostreatus) dengan penambahan serbuk jagung pada komposisi media tanam. Selain Itu, konsentrasi serbuk jagung yang memberikan hasil yang paling baik terhadap pertumbuhan miselium adalah P2 dengan konsentrasi 50%. Kata kunci : miselium F1; Pleurotus ostreatus; serbuk jagung  ABSTRACTAdditional nutrition needs to be done to increase the productivity of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) growth. One of the materials that can be used is corn powder. This study aimed to determine the effect of corn powder on the planting medium composition towards mycelium growth of oyster mushroom F1 seeds (Pleurotus ostreatus) and to find the best concentration of corn powder to grow mycelium seeds F1 oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). This research was an experimental study using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments namely; P0 (control treatment), P1 (25%), P2 (50%), and P3 (100%), and 3 repetitions so that obtained 12 experimental units. The variables measured were the mycelium growth percentage on days 6, 12, and 18, and the mycelium widespread time after the day of inoculation. The data were analyzed using ANOVA then continued on the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test. The results showed that the addition of corn powder on oyster mushroom growing media affected mycelium growth of the oyster mushroom F1 seeds (Pleurotus ostreatus). It also found that the P2 with a 50% concentration of corn powder gave the widest mycelium growth.  Keywords: corn powder; mycelium; Pleurotus ostreatus

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