Artificial nutrition support

2010 ◽  
pp. 1535-1546
Author(s):  
Jeremy Woodward
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Nutrition Support ◽  
Artificial Nutrition ◽  
Nutrition Screening ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
Major Predictor ◽  
Current Body Mass Index

The prevalence and importance of malnutrition in affluent societies is under-recognized, and nutritional status is a major predictor of outcome for most diseases. Nutrition screening identifies patients at risk of malnutrition and should be performed in all clinical areas: this requires evaluation of events in the past (recent weight loss); present (current body mass index (BMI) and clinical signs of malnutrition); and future (current nutrient intake and foreseeable likely causes of reduced intake). A BMI of less than 18.5 kg/m...

Artificial nutrition support

2020 ◽  
pp. 1914-1926
Author(s):  
Jeremy Woodward
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Oral Intake ◽  
Nutrition Support ◽  
Artificial Nutrition ◽  
Nutrition Screening ◽  
Disease States

The prevalence and relevance of undernutrition in affluent societies is often unrecognized, but nutritional status significantly impacts outcomes in all disease states. Nutrition screening identifies patients at risk of undernutrition and should be carried out in hospitals and community: its components comprise past weight loss, current body mass index, and likely foreseeable nutritional challenges. A body mass index less than 18.5 kg/m2; weight loss of more than 10% over 6 months; or BMI of less than 20 kg/m2 with weight loss of more than 5% over 6 months, are all indicative of undernutrition. Nutrition support is indicated for malnourished patients or those at risk of undernutrition in view of inadequate oral intake or malabsorption. Timing of the intervention depends on the pre-existing nutritional status and the likelihood of restoring adequate intake.

scholarly journals Malnutrition: from pathogenesis to current methods for diagnosis and treatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (12-2) ◽  
pp. 216-225
Author(s):  
O I Kostyukevich ◽  
S V Sviridov ◽  
A K Rylova ◽  
N V Rylova ◽  
M I Korsunskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Nutritional Support ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Progressive Weight Loss ◽  
Somatic Diseases

Progressive weight loss is a frequent companion to somatic pathology. The risk of death is known to increase dramatically among those with a body mass index of less than 19 kg/m. Even mild weight loss in the presence of severe diseases can have a substantial impact on the course of the disease. The paper presents current views on malnutrition, its prevalence in the presence of various somatic diseases, and clinical significance. It describes the basic pathogenetic components of weight loss and the possible ways of correcting nutritional status. Particular emphasis is placed on the methods of nutritional support that is currently regarded as one of the most important components of a comprehensive approach to treating patients with chronic diseases. The authors give recommendations for the assessment of the nutritional status of patients in clinical practice and algorithms for their malnutrition management.

scholarly journals PONTOS DE CORTE DO ÍNDICE DE MASSA CORPORAL PARA CLASSIFICAR O ESTADO NUTRICIONAL EM IDOSOS

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Talita Inácio Martins ◽  
Joilson Meneguci ◽  
Renata Damião
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
World Health ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Nutrition Screening ◽  
Revisión Sistemática ◽  
Cutoff Points ◽  
Health Organization

Os objetivos desta revisão sistemática foram verificar quais são os pontos de corte para a classificação do IMC, qual é o mais utilizado e a sua aplicabilidade em estudos populacionais com idosos. A partir da base de dados BVS, os descritores utilizados para a busca foram índice de massa corporal, estado nutricional e idoso. Foram encontrados 492 artigos, e desses 21 foram excluídos por duplicação, resultando em 471. Apenas 24 atenderam os critérios de inclusão. No total, foram encontradas quatro referências distintas para classificar os pontos de corte do IMC:Lipschitz, World Health Organization, Nutrition Screening Initiative e Organização Pan Americana de Saúde. O ponto de corte do índice de massa corporal mais utilizado pela literatura é a classificação recomendada pela WHO. O IMC é utilizado com o intuito de avaliar o estado nutricional, associar com co-fatores de saúde; e relacionar seus valores e classificação com risco de morbimortalidade.Descritores: Índice de massa corporal; Estado nutricional; Idoso.The aim of this systematic review were to assess what are the cutoff points for BMI classification, which is the most used and their applicability in population studies with elderly. From the base of BVS data, the descriptors used for the search were body mass index, nutritional status and elderly. 492 articles were found, and of these 21 were excluded for duplication, resulting in 471. Only 24 met the inclusion criteria. In total, four distinct references were found to classify the BMI cutoff points: Lipschitz, World Health Organization, Nutrition Screening Initiative and the Pan American Health Organization's cutoff of body mass index most widely used in the literature is recommended classification by WHO. BMI is used in order to assess nutritional status, co-factors associated with health; and relate their values andclassification with risk of mortality.Descriptors: Body Mass Index; Nutrition status; Aged.Los objetivos de esta revisión sistemática fueron determinar cuáles son los puntos de corte para la clasificación del IMC, que es el más utilizado y su aplicación en estudios de población con edad avanzada. Desde la base de datos BVS, los descriptores utilizados para la búsqueda fueron índicede masa corporal, estado nutricional e anciano. Se encontraron 492 artículos, y de éstos 21 fueron excluidos por la duplicación, lo que resulto en 471. Sólo 24 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión.En total, se encontraron cuatro referencias distintas para clasificar los puntos de corte del IMC:Lipschitz, Organización Mundial de Salud, Nutrition Screening Initiative. El punto de corte del índice de masa corporal más utilizado en la literatura de la Organización Panamericana de la Salud es la clasificación de la OMS. El IMC es utilizado con el fin de evaluar el estado nutricional, cofactores asociados con la salud; y relacionar sus valores y la clasificación con riesgo de morbimortalidad.Descriptores: Índice de masa corporal; Estado nutricional; Ancianos.

scholarly journals Clinical and nutritional status of surgical patients with and without malignant diseases: cross-sectional study

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vânia Aparecida Leandro-Merhi ◽  
José Luiz Braga de Aquino ◽  
José Gonzaga Teixeira de Camargo ◽  
Patrícia Baston Frenhani ◽  
Júlia Laura Delbue Bernardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Lymphocyte Count ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Surgical Patients ◽  
Malignant Diseases ◽  
Hospital Stays

CONTEXT: Malnutrition is frequently observed in inpatients with malignant diseases and may contribute to longer hospital stays. OBJECTIVE: To compare the nutritional status, lymphocyte count, hemoglobin values and length of hospital stay of patients with and without malignant diseases. METHODS: This comparative study assessed indicators of nutritional status, namely body mass index, recent weight loss, lymphocyte count, hemoglobin and length of hospital stay, of 928 surgical patients with and without malignant diseases (50.2% females and 49.8% males). The chi-square test was used to compare proportions and the Mann-Whitney test was used to compare continuous measurements between two groups. The significance level was set at 5%. RESULTS: Patients with malignant diseases had longer hospital stays (P<0.0001), furthermore, a higher percentage of patients with malignant diseases had body mass index <18.5 (P<0.0001) and experienced recent weight changes (P<0.0002). Lymphocyte count also differed statistically between the groups (P = 0.0131), which lower levels were identified among patients with malignant diseases. CONCLUSION: The lymphocyte count, hemoglobin values and weight loss are important findings of nutritional depletion in patients with malignant diseases.

scholarly journals Coronavirus Disease 19 from the Perspective of Ageing with Focus on Nutritional Status and Nutrition Management—A Narrative Review

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1294
Author(s):  
Elisabet Rothenberg
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Nutrition Support ◽  
Nutritional Risk ◽  
Nutrition Screening ◽  
Nutrition Management ◽  
Age Related

The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (COVID-19) has hit older adults harder due to a combination of age-related immunological and metabolic alterations. The aim of this review was to analyze the COVID-19 literature with respect to nutritional status and nutrition management in older adults. No studies only on people aged 65+ years were found, and documentation on those 80+ was rare. Age was found to be strongly associated with worse outcomes, and with poor nutritional status. Prevalence of malnutrition was high among severely and critically ill patients. The studies found a need for nutrition screening and management, and for nutrition support as part of follow-up after a hospital stay. Most tested screening tools showed high sensitivity in identifying nutritional risk, but none were recognized as best for screening older adults with COVID-19. For diagnosing malnutrition, the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria are recommended but were not used in the studies found. Documentation of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction in relation to nutritional status is missing in older adults. Other COVID-19-associated factors with a possible impact on nutritional status are poor appetite and gastrointestinal symptoms. Vitamin D is the nutrient that has attracted the most interest. However, evidence for supplementation of COVID-19 patients is still limited and inconclusive.

scholarly journals Correlation Between Nutritional Status at Admission and Length of Stay in Child Patient

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Anita Maria Ulfa ◽  
Dessie Wanda
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Fluid Retention ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nutrition Screening ◽  
Child Patient ◽  
Nutrition Problem

<p class="AbstractContent"><strong>Objective:</strong> Nutrition problem acquired in hospital effect to the healing process. Nutrition need to recovery.</p><p class="AbstractContent"><strong>Methods: </strong>This research used 138 respondent age between 1 month and 18 years old. Study Cross-sectional and retrospective. Patients with organomegaly, fluid retention, dehydration, and turn out of the hospital by request exclude respondent. Nutritional status measured by weight for height (≤ 5 years old) and body mass index (BMI) for age (&gt;5 years old).</p><p class="AbstractContent"><strong>Results:</strong> Statistic test between nutritional status at admission and length of stay is 0,689 for BB/TB and 0,869 for IMT/U. There is no correlation between nutritional status at admission and length of stay (P value &gt; α). <strong></strong></p><p class="AbstractContent"><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Nutrition screening at admission important to support giving early treatment and increasing recovery.<em><br /> <br /> </em><strong></strong></p><div><p class="Keywords"><strong>Keywords: </strong>Dehydration; malnutrition; nutritional status; organomegaly</p></div>

scholarly journals Nutritional status disorders in women with lichen sclerosus of the vulva

2021 ◽  
pp. 75-79
Author(s):  
V.V. Dunaievska ◽  
E.H. Manzhalii
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Lichen Sclerosus ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Nutritional Risk ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Opportunistic Bacteria

Research objective: to determine the characteristics of nutritional status (NS) in women of reproductive age with typical clinical signs of lichen sclerosus of the vulva (LSV) using key NS parameters. Materials and methods. The study included 75 women with average age 31.3 ± 1.3 years. 50 women were diagnosed with LSV and NS disorders (main group), and 25 women were practically healthy (control group). Information about all patients was collected through direct interviews, clinical examination and study of medical records. The presence of anogenital pruritus, soreness or burning, dryness, dyspareunia, urinary disturbances, perianal and/or intestinal symptoms, inflammatory bowel disease, thyroid dysfunction and tenderness, and other comorbidities were recorded. NS evaluated using anthropometric, laboratory and clinical studies. Body mass index, index of nutritional risk (nutritional deficiency), vitamins, micro- and macroelements value, scatological parameters were determined in all patients, and the intestinal microflora was examined.Results. The results of the study showed a disorder of NS in most patients with LSV by all studied parameters in comparison with the control group. Thus, it was found that 60% of patients with LSV had abnormal body mass index as well as NS was observed in 72% of patients. In addition, patients with LSV also had a higher deficiency of vitamins D and B12, and some important micro- and macronutrients. The results of the coprological study showed the neutral fats in feces, unchanged muscle fibers, extracellular and intracellular starch, decreased levels of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli in 68–74% of patients and opportunistic bacteria and fungi in 30–46% of women in the main group.Conclusions. Thus, the results of this study indicate the association between the abnormal NS and LSV. However, further research is needed to assess the course of the underlying disease and to analyze the metabolic pathways that lead to disorders of lipid, carbohydrate and protein metabolism in target patients, to select of the correct nutrients and alternative treatments.

scholarly journals Prognostic Indices of Poor Nutritional Status and Their Impact on Prolonged Hospital Stay in a Greek University Hospital

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgia Tsaousi ◽  
Stavros Panidis ◽  
George Stavrou ◽  
John Tsouskas ◽  
Dimitrios Panagiotou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Hospital Length Of Stay ◽  
Nutritional Risk ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Artificial Nutrition ◽  
Arm Circumference ◽  
Poor Nutritional Status

Background. To ascertain the potential contributors to nutritional risk manifestation and to disclose the factors exerting a negative impact on hospital length of stay (LOS), by means of poor nutritional status, in a nonselected hospitalized population.Materials and Methods. NutritionDay project questionnaires were applied to 295 adult patients. Study parameters included anthropometric data, demographics, medical history, dietary-related factors, and self-perception of health status. Body Mass Index (BMI) and Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) were calculated for each participant. MUST score was applied for malnutrition assessment, while hospital LOS constituted the outcome of interest.Results. Of the total cohort, 42.3% were at nutritional risk and 21.4% malnourished. Age, gender, BMI, MUST score, autonomy, health quality, appetite, quantity of food intake, weight loss, arm or calf perimeter (P<0.001, for all), and dietary type (P<0.01) affected nutritional status. Poor nutrition status (P=0.000), deteriorated appetite (P=0.000) or food intake (P=0.025), limited autonomy (P=0.013), artificial nutrition (P=0.012), weight loss (P=0.010), and arm circumference <21 cm (P=0.007) were the most powerful predictors of hospital LOS >7 days.Conclusion. Nutritional status and nutrition-related parameters such as weight loss, quantity of food intake, appetite, arm circumference, dietary type, and extent of dependence confer considerable prognostic value regarding hospital LOS in acute care setting.

Assessment of nutritional status of HIV-infected patients at a tertiary centre in North India

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-169
Author(s):  
Sunita Malhotra ◽  
Ajay Wanchu ◽  
Sudha Khurana
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
North India ◽  
Tertiary Centre ◽  
Involuntary Weight Loss

Infection with HIV has an adverse effect on nutritional status, and can result in progressive involuntary weight loss. We assessed the nutritional status of our patients with HIV infection and found that HIV-infected patients had significantly low nutrient intake and body mass index as compared with controls. Involuntary weight loss, altered body composition and reduced nutritional status were present throughout the stages of HIV infection.

scholarly journals Pengembangan metode skrining gizi untuk pasien dewasa rawat inap

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 188
Author(s):  
Susetyowati Susetyowati ◽  
Hamam Hadi ◽  
Muhammad Hakimi ◽  
Ahmad Husein Asdie
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Nutrition Support ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nutrition Screening ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
Nutrition Screening Tool

Background: A comprehensive nutrition assessment needs to be done on all hospitalized patients. The accuracy of nutritional assessment are necessary to ensure the provision of optimal nutrition support for the patient to prevent iatrogenic malnutrition and speed up the healing process. The nutrition screening tools has limited ability to be used as a valid indicator for comprehensive nutritional assessment. Thus, it is necessary to develop a new nutrition screening tool.Objective: To develop a simple, quick and valid malnutrition screening tool that can be used to identify adult patients at risk of malnutrition.Methods: This is an observational study with cross sectional design. The subjects were 495 patients admitted to Sardjito General Hospital, excluding paediatric, maternity, and psychiatric patients. All patients were screened using the Nutrition Screening Tool of University Gadjah Mada (NST-UGM). The validity of the NST-UGM will be tested by measuring the sensitivity and specifi city value compared to Subjective Global Assessment (SGA).Result: The newly developed nutrition screening tool consisted of 6 questions with a cut-off of 0-2 classifi ed as not at risk of malnutrition and > 2 classifi ed as at risk of malnutrition. The sensitivity and specifi city value of the new screening tool compared with SGA were 91.28 and 79.78 respectively. Therefore, the convergent and predictive validity of NSTUGM was established. Conclusion: The NST-UGM is a simple, quick and valid tool which can be used to identify patients at risk of malnutrition. 

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