Visit trends and factors associated with telemedicine uptake among persons with HIV during the COVID-19 pandemic

Abstract Background In response to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, clinicians in outpatient HIV practices began to routinely offer telemedicine (video and/or phone visits) to replace in-person appointments. Video visits are preferred over phone visits but determinants of video visit uptake in HIV care settings have not been well described. Methods Trends in type of encounter (face-to-face, video, and phone) before and during the pandemic were reviewed for persons with HIV (PWH) at an urban, academic, outpatient HIV clinic in Seattle, WA. Logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with video visit use including sociodemographic characteristics (age, race, ethnicity, language, insurance status, housing status) and electronic patient portal login. Results After an initial increase in video visits to 30% of all completed encounters, the proportion declined and plateaued at approximately 10%. A substantial proportion of face-to-face visits were replaced by phone visits (approximately 50% of all visits were by phone early in the pandemic, now stable at 10 to 20%). Logistic regression demonstrated that older age (>50 or >65 years old compared to 18 to 35 years old), Black, Asian, or Pacific Islander race (compared to White race), and Medicaid insurance (compared to private insurance) were significantly associated with never completing a video visit, whereas history of patient portal login was significantly associated with completing a video visit. Conclusions Since the pandemic began, an unexpectedly high proportion of telemedicine visits have been by phone instead of video. Several social determinants of health and patient portal usage are associated with video visit uptake.

Download Full-text

Assessment of pain and postoperative nausea and vomiting and their association in the early postoperative period: an observational study from Palestine

BMC Surgery ◽

10.1186/s12893-021-01172-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Reem M. Elsaid ◽

Ashraqat S. Namrouti ◽

Ahmad M. Samara ◽

Wael Sadaqa ◽

Sa’ed H. Zyoud

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Observational Study ◽

Postoperative Nausea ◽

Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Nausea And Vomiting ◽

Prior History ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Duration Of Surgery ◽

History Of

Abstract Background Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and postoperative pain (POP) are most commonly experienced in the early hours after surgery. Many studies have reported high rates of PONV and POP, and have identified factors that could predict the development of these complications. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between PONV and POP, and to identify some factors associated with these symptoms. Methods This was a prospective, multicentre, observational study performed at An-Najah National University Hospital and Rafidia Governmental Hospital, the major surgical hospitals in northern Palestine, from October 2019 to February 2020. A data collection form, adapted from multiple previous studies, was used to evaluate factors associated with PONV and POP in patients undergoing elective surgery. Patients were interviewed during the first 24 h following surgery. Multiple binary logistic regression was applied to determine factors that were significantly associated with the occurrence of PONV. Results Of the 211 patients included, nausea occurred in 43.1%, vomiting in 17.5%, and PONV in 45.5%. Multiple binary logistic regression analysis, using PONV as a dependent variable, showed that only patients with a history of PONV [odds ratio (OR) = 2.28; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.03–5.01; p = 0.041] and POP (OR = 2.41; 95% CI = 1.17–4.97; p = 0.018) were significantly associated with the occurrence of PONV. Most participants (74.4%) reported experiencing pain at some point during the first 24 h following surgery. Additionally, the type and duration of surgery were significantly associated with POP (p-values were 0.002 and 0.006, respectively). Conclusions PONV and POP are common complications in our surgical patients. Factors associated with PONV include a prior history of PONV and POP. Patients at risk should be identified, the proper formulation of PONV protocols should be considered, and appropriate management plans should be implemented to improve patients’ outcomes.

Download Full-text

Study of Risk Factors Associated with Suicide Attempt in Patients with Bipolar Disorder Type I

Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1709347 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (02) ◽

pp. 291-298

Author(s):

Karthick Subramanian ◽

Vikas Menon ◽

Siddharth Sarkar ◽

Vigneshvar Chandrasekaran ◽

Nivedhitha Selvakumar

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Family History ◽

Suicide Attempt ◽

Coping Strategies ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Type I ◽

Factors Associated ◽

History Of

Abstract Background Suicide is the leading contributor to mortality in bipolar disorder (BD). A history of suicidal attempt is a robust predictive marker for future suicide attempts. Personality profiles and coping strategies are the areas of contemporary research in bipolar suicides apart from clinical and demographic risk factors. However, similar research in developing countries is rarer. Objectives The present study aimed to identify the risk factors associated with suicidal attempts in BD type I (BD-I). Materials and Methods Patients with BD-I currently in clinical remission (N = 102) were recruited. Sociodemographic details and the clinical data were collected using a semistructured pro forma. The psychiatric diagnoses were confirmed using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview 5.0. The National Institute of Mental Health–Life Chart Methodology Clinician Retrospective Chart was used to chart the illness course. Presumptive Stressful Life Events Scale, Coping Strategies Inventory Short Form, Buss–Perry aggression questionnaire, Past Feelings and Acts of Violence, and Barratt Impulsivity scale were used to assess the patient’s stress scores, coping skills, aggression, violence, and impulsivity, respectively. Statistical Analysis Descriptive statistics were used for demographic details and characteristics of the illness course. Binary logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the predictors for lifetime suicide attempt in BD-I. Results A total of 102 patients (males = 49 and females = 53) with BD-I were included. Thirty-seven subjects (36.3%) had a history of suicide attempt. The illness course in suicide attempters more frequently had an index episode of depression, was encumbered with frequent mood episodes, especially in depression, and had a higher propensity for psychiatric comorbidities. On binary logistic regression analysis, the odds ratios (ORs) for predicting a suicide attempt were highest for positive family history of suicide (OR: 13.65, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.28–145.38, p = 0.030), followed by the presence of an index depressive episode (OR: 6.88, 95% CI: 1.70–27.91, p = 0.007), and lower scores on problem-focused disengagement (OR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.56–0.92, p = 0.009). Conclusion BD-I patients with lifetime suicide attempt differ from non-attempters on various course-related and temperamental factors. However, an index episode depression, family history of suicide, and lower problem-focused engagement can predict lifetime suicide attempt in patients with BD-I.

Download Full-text

Factors Associated with E-Cigarette Use in U.S. Young Adult Never Smokers of Conventional Cigarettes: A Machine Learning Approach

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17197271 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (19) ◽

pp. 7271

Author(s):

Nkiruka C. Atuegwu ◽

Cheryl Oncken ◽

Reinhard C. Laubenbacher ◽

Mario F. Perez ◽

Eric M. Mortensen

Keyword(s):

Machine Learning ◽

Young Adult ◽

Public Awareness ◽

Behavioral Risk ◽

Cigarette Use ◽

Cigarette Smokers ◽

Factors Associated ◽

History Of ◽

Race Ethnicity ◽

Never Smokers

E-cigarette use is increasing among young adult never smokers of conventional cigarettes, but the awareness of the factors associated with e-cigarette use in this population is limited. The goal of this work was to use machine learning (ML) algorithms to determine the factors associated with current e-cigarette use among US young adult never cigarette smokers. Young adult (18–34 years) never cigarette smokers from the 2016 and 2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) who reported current or never e-cigarette use were used for the analysis (n = 79,539). Variables associated with current e-cigarette use were selected by two ML algorithms (Boruta and Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO)). Odds ratios were calculated to determine the association between e-cigarette use and the variables selected by the ML algorithms, after adjusting for age, gender and race/ethnicity and incorporating the BRFSS complex design. The prevalence of e-cigarette use varied across states. Factors previously reported in the literature, such as age, race/ethnicity, alcohol use, depression, as well as novel factors associated with e-cigarette use, such as disabilities, obesity, history of diabetes and history of arthritis were identified. These results can be used to generate further hypotheses for research, increase public awareness and help provide targeted e-cigarette education.

Download Full-text

Barriers to Outpatient Pediatric Chronic Pain Clinic Participation Among Referred Patients

Clinical Pediatrics ◽

10.1177/0009922820922847 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 59 (9-10) ◽

pp. 859-864

Author(s):

Sushmitha S. Boppana ◽

Rebecca Miller ◽

Aubrey Wrona ◽

Dmitry Tumin ◽

Sharon Wrona ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Pain ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Retrospective Review ◽

Treatment Initiation ◽

Private Insurance ◽

Pain Clinic ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Head Pain ◽

Pediatric Chronic Pain ◽

Chronic Pain Clinic

Initial clinic evaluation among referred patients and factors limiting treatment initiation are not well characterized. We conducted a retrospective review of referrals to our outpatient pain clinic to identify intake visits and factors associated with treatment initiation among adolescents with chronic pain. We identified adolescents aged 13 to 18 years at the time of referral to clinic (2010-2016). Factors associated with completion of visits were evaluated using logistic regression. Patients who completed visits more frequently had private insurance than public or no insurance ( P = .053). The most common reasons for caregiver decision not to attend the pain clinic included use of another pain clinic, that services were not wanted or no longer needed, and that their child was undergoing further testing. The current study demonstrated that patients with head pain were more likely to complete an intake visit, while there was a trend showing that lack of private insurance decreased this likelihood.

Download Full-text

S241. FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH EARLY RISK OF DISENGAGEMENT FROM EARLY PSYCHOSIS INTERVENTION SERVICES

Schizophrenia Bulletin ◽

10.1093/schbul/sbaa031.307 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S130-S131

Author(s):

Nicole Kozloff ◽

Aristotle Voineskos ◽

George Foussias ◽

Alexia Polillo ◽

Sean Kidd ◽

...

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Substance Use ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Young People ◽

Family Involvement ◽

The Body ◽

Early Psychosis ◽

First Episode ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Race Ethnicity

Abstract Background Despite the body of evidence supporting early psychosis intervention (EPI) programs for young people with psychotic disorders, approximately 30% of individuals with first-episode psychosis disengage from care. To date, two factors, lack of family involvement and presence of a substance use disorder, have emerged as robust predictors of EPI disengagement. Several factors associated with service disengagement in mental health care more broadly have not been well-studied in EPI; some of these, such as homelessness and ethnicity, may be of particular importance to urban, multicultural populations, and ethnicity in particular has been shown to affect pathways into EPI services. Early missed appointments may signal risk for subsequent service disengagement. We sought to identify early predictors of disengagement risk in an urban EPI program. Methods We conducted a prospective chart review of consecutive patients accepted for services in a large, urban EPI program in Toronto, Canada in a 3-month period from July 4-October 3, 2018. Patients were observed in their first 3 months of treatment. The primary outcome of interest was risk of disengagement, defined as having missed at least 1 appointment without cancellation. Extracted data included a variety of demographic and clinical information. The principal investigator trained 2 data abstractors on the first 50 charts; subsequent agreement on the next 5 charts was 88%. Based on previous literature, we hypothesized that risk of disengagement would be increased in individuals with problem substance use, experiences of homelessness, and nonwhite race/ethnicity and decreased in individuals with family involvement in their care. We used logistic regression to examine the odds of disengagement associated with univariate predictors individually, and then together in a multivariate model. Results Seventy-three patients were consecutively admitted to EPI services in the 3-month period. Of these individuals, 59% (N=43) were identified as being at risk of disengagement based on having missed at least 1 appointment without cancellation. In the full sample, 71% (N=52) identified as nonwhite, 23% (N=17) had a documented experience of homelessness, 52% (N=38) had problem substance use, and 73% (N=53) had family involved in their care. In univariate logistic regression, only problem substance use was associated with risk of disengagement (OR=2.91, 95% CI 1.11–7.66); no significant associations were identified with race/ethnicity, experience of homelessness, or family involvement. In multivariate logistic regression, once we controlled for these other factors, the association between risk of disengagement and problem substance use was attenuated and no longer statistically significant (OR=2.15, 95% CI 0.77–5.97). Discussion In this small study of early disengagement in an urban EPI program, only problem substance use was associated with increased odds of missing an appointment, but not when we controlled for other factors thought to be associated with disengagement. Larger studies may be required to identify factors with small but important effects. These factors may be used to identify young people at risk of disengagement from EPI services early in care in order to target them for increased engagement efforts.

Download Full-text

Incidence and risk factors for community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in New York City, 2006–2012

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s095026881500196x ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 144 (5) ◽

pp. 1014-1017 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

P. BAKER ◽

B. COHEN ◽

J. LIU ◽

E. LARSON

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

New York ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

New York City ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

York City ◽

Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Methicillin Resistant ◽

Factors Associated ◽

History Of

SUMMARYThis study aims to describe changes in incidence and risk factors for community-associated methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) infections upon admission to two New York City hospitals from 2006 to 2012. We examined the first hospitalization for adult patients using electronic health record and administrative data and determined the annual incidence/1000 admissions of total S. aureus, total MRSA, and CA-MRSA (within 48 h of admission) in clinical specimens over the study period. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with CA-MRSA in 2006 and 2012. In 137 350 admissions, the incidence of S. aureus, MRSA, and CA-MRSA/1000 admissions were 15·6, 7·0, and 3·5, respectively. The total S. aureus and MRSA isolations decreased significantly over the study period (27% and 25%, respectively) while CA-MRSA incidence was unchanged. CA-MRSA increased as a proportion of all MRSA between 2006 (46%) and 2012 (62%), and was most frequently isolated from respiratory (1·5/1000) and blood (0·7/1000) cultures. Logistic regression analysis of factors associated with isolation of CA-MRSA showed that age ⩾65 years [odds ratio (OR) 2·3, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1·2–4·5], male gender (OR 1·8, 95% CI 1·2–2·8) and history of renal failure (OR 2·6, 95% CI 1·6–4·2) were significant predictors of infection in 2006. No predictors were identified in 2012.

Download Full-text

Factors Associated with the History of Attempted Suicide

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000008 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 12-21 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

A. Hakansson ◽

L. Bradvik ◽

F. Schlyter ◽

M. Berglund

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Criminal Justice ◽

Family History ◽

Binge Drinking ◽

Emotional Abuse ◽

Psychiatric Symptoms ◽

Addiction Severity Index ◽

Factors Associated ◽

History Of

Background: The present study examines a population of criminal justice clients for suspected substance-related problems. Aims: It aims to identify variables associated with a history of suicide attempt (SA). Method: 6,836 clients were interviewed with the Addiction Severity Index (ASI). Attempters were compared to nonattempters regarding substance use, medical/psychiatric status, family history, and social relationships in a stepwise forward logistic regression. Results: Attempters (21%) were more likely to report binge drinking, intake of illicit drugs, injection of drugs, physical and mental illness, problematic family history, and history of being abused. After logistic regression, SA was independently associated with older age, female gender, binge drinking, delirium tremens, injection, overdose, medical problems, psychiatric symptoms, family history of alcohol or psychiatric problems, and sexual, physical, and emotional abuse. The psychiatric and family/social domains (including being abused) most strongly separated attempters from nonattempters. Conclusions: Family background factors, psychiatric symptoms, severity of substance use, and sexual, physical, and emotional abuse appear to be factors associated with SA among criminal justice clients.

Download Full-text

Venous Thromboembolism In Patients With Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: Analysis Of The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) National Database

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v122.21.1701.1701 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 122 (21) ◽

pp. 1701-1701

Author(s):

Peter A Riedell ◽

Kristen M. Sanfilippo ◽

Suhong Luo ◽

Kenneth R Carson

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Venous Thromboembolism ◽

Treatment Initiation ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Non Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽

Morbidity Score ◽

Co Morbidity ◽

History Of ◽

The Mean

Abstract Introduction The association between malignancy and venous thromboembolism (VTE) is well known. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) increases VTE risk, though most studies do not differentiate between low- and high-grade NHL. In order to better understand the natural history of VTE in NHL, we examined the incidence and factors associated with VTE in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and follicular lymphoma (FL). Methods Patients diagnosed with DLBCL or FL between 1998 and 2008 and treated within the VHA system with CHOP or CHOP-like regimens (+/- rituximab) were identified in the VA Central Cancer Registry. Those with VTE prior to the lymphoma diagnosis or history of atrial fibrillation were excluded. Data on sex, race, stage, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), disease histology, B-symptoms, body mass index, co-morbidities, medications, and date of VTE event were obtained. Incident cases of VTE were determined through the use of ICD-9 codes for VTE combined with either pharmacy records of anti-coagulation therapy, placement of a vena-cava filter, or death within 30 days of an ICD-9 code for VTE. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify baseline factors associated with VTE. VTE incidence was then analyzed to evaluate differences before, during, and after treatment. Results 2606 NHL patients (1838 DBLCL, 768 FL) were identified, of whom 179 developed VTE (119 DLBCL, 33 FL) within 2 years of treatment initiation. The mean age at NHL diagnosis was 64 years. A majority of patients were male (97%), Caucasian (87%), and had a diagnosis of DLBCL (70%). The mean Charlson co-morbidity score in the cohort was 2.2. Annualized VTE incidence rates were significantly different between DLBCL and FL patients during the time from diagnosis to treatment initiation (18.7% vs. 6.1%; p<0.001) and in the 6 months after treatment initiation (9.3% and 3.8%; p=0.001). The annualized incidence dropped to 1% or less in both DLBCL and FL patients during the period 6 months to 2 years following treatment initiation. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, factors associated with increased odds of developing VTE within 6 months of treatment initiation included: DLBCL histology (OR 2.04; 95% CI 1.27 – 3.31), BMI ≥ 30 (OR 2.58; 95% CI 1.61 – 4.17), and stage III/IV disease (OR 1.7; 95% CI 1.14 – 2.55). There was a protective association observed for each point increase in the Charlson co-morbidity score (OR= 0.85; 95% CI 0.78 – 0.96). Conclusion VTE risk was greatest in time between diagnosis and 6 months after treatment initiation in all NHL patients. This is potentially due to greater disease burden during the time between diagnosis and treatment initiation and the pro-thrombotic effects of chemotherapy in the six months after treatment initiation. After controlling for potential confounding factors, the odds of VTE were twice as high in DLBCL compared to FL patients. While prophylactic anticoagulation in cancer patients remains controversial, future efforts in NHL should be focused on patients with higher grade histology during the timeframe between diagnosis and shortly after treatment cessation. Disclosures: Carson: Spectrum Pharmaceuticals: Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau.

Download Full-text

The analysis of risk factors associated with women's urinary incontinence; literature review

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences ◽

10.22543/7674.81.p5359 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 53-59

Author(s):

Denisa Balalau ◽

Octavian Olaru ◽

Nicolae Bacalbasa ◽

Stana Paunica ◽

Daniela Balan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Urinary Incontinence ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Caffeine Consumption ◽

Future Studies ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Mode Of Birth ◽

History Of ◽

Race Ethnicity

Urinary incontinence (UI) is a common condition among women. Approximately 50% of them had an involuntary loss of urine at least once in their lifetime. It can be present during sexual activity, contributing to sexual dysfunction and often associated with anxiety or even depression, thus having a negative impact on the quality of life. The incidence of UI is related to the existence of predisposing factors. The best known are: age, weight, family history, race/ ethnicity, number of pregnancies and mode of birth, history of genitourinary interventions and factors related to ordinary habits: smoking, caffeine consumption, oral contraceptives. Studies on middle-aged women have revealed that BMI, parity, age, hysterectomy, smoking, race/ ethnicity and diabetes are factors often associated with urinary incontinence. Future studies are needed to further explore the risk factors for urinary incontinence.

Download Full-text

P628 Risk Factors Associated with Extraintestinal Manifestations in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Journal of Crohn s and Colitis ◽

10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab076.748 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S566-S566

Author(s):

C Liava ◽

E Sinakos ◽

T Dimitroulas ◽

C Navrozidou ◽

E Akriviadis

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Aphthous Stomatitis ◽

Perianal Disease ◽

Extraintestinal Manifestations ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Increased Risk ◽

History Of ◽

Inflammatory Bowel

Abstract Background Risk factors associated with extraintestinal manifestations (EIMs) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have been evaluated mainly in retrospective studies. We aimed to determine risk factors associated with EIMs and to compare the frequency of EIMs between ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), based on retrospectively-prospectively collected data of a cohort of IBD patients followed in daily clinical practice. Methods Patients with biopsy-confirmed IBD aged 10–80 years old were included in the study. A comprehensive questionnaire was used to collect data on each site visit from July 2018 until March 2020. Logistic regression analysis and multivariable-adjusted models were used to examine risk factors associated with EIMs and chi-squared test was used to compare the frequency of EIMs between patients with UC and CD. Results 300 patients with IBD (180 with CD, 113 with UC, and 7 with indeterminate colitis) were evaluated. EIMs were observed in 49% of patients, with a 2-fold increased risk in CD (OR 2.31; 95% CI:1.37–3.89; P<.005). The musculoskeletal system was affected in 38% (43% in CD vs 29% in UC, OR 1.86; 95% CI:1.08–3.20; P<.05) with peripheral arthropathy being the most common manifestation (33% in CD vs 23% in UC, P=.095), followed by dermatological manifestations (13%), with a 4-fold increased risk of erythema nodosum in CD (11% vs 3% in UC, OR 3.95; 95% CI:1.12–13.93; P<.05). On univariate logistic regression analysis history of hospitalization for IBD, history of surgery for IBD, aphthous stomatitis, perianal disease, thyroiditis Hashimoto, age, use of thiopurines, and/or anti-TNF in the past were associated with increased risk of developing EIMs. A trend for increased risk of EIMs was found for family history of IBD in first-degree relatives (OR 2.47; 95% CI:0.91–6.74; P=.078) and fecal calprotectin above 250 μg/g (OR 2.22; 95% CI:0.90–5.47; P<.084). On multivariate analysis only aphthous stomatitis (OR 4.60; 95% CI:2.32–9.13; P<.001), perianal disease (OR 2.30; 95% CI:1.17–4.50; P<.05), thyroiditis Hashimoto (OR 2.82; 95% CI:1.03–7.74; P<.05) and age (2% increase in risk per year, OR 1.02; 95% CI:1.01–1.03; P<.05) were significant for EIMs. Conclusion In this retrospective/prospective study 49% of IBD patients developed EIMs with a 2-fold increased risk in CD. Musculoskeletal and dermatological manifestations were the most frequent EIMs. Aphthous stomatitis, perianal disease, thyroiditis Hashimoto and age were associated with increased risk of EIMs.

Download Full-text