417. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Sexually Transmitted infections (STIs) During Pregnancy

Abstract Background Congenital cytomegalovirus infection (cCMV) is a leading cause of hearing loss and neurodevelopmental disabilities. Although higher rates of CMV acquisition and reinfections with new virus strains are seen in women with STIs, the significance of CMV-STI co-infections during pregnancy and whether co-infections increase intrauterine transmission of CMV remains unclear. Higher rates of CMV genital shedding were seen in mothers of infants with cCMV compared with those with uninfected infants. The objective of this study was to determine the association between CMV seroprevalence and STIs and whether STIs during pregnancy influences CMV genital shedding. Methods Vaginal swabs from a cohort of CMV seropositive women in labor from a multi-center study were analyzed. After DNA extraction from vaginal swabs, PCR was performed for detection of CMV, Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC), Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) and Mycoplasma genitalium (MG). The prevalence of STIs in CMV seropositive pregnant women was determined in this cohort and CMV genital shedding rates were compared between groups with and without STIs. Results In this cohort, CMV genital shedding in late pregnancy was detectable in 13% (21/160) of women while rates of detection for MG, GC, CT and TV were 3%, 0.6%, 1.2% and 8%, respectively. CMV-STI co-infections were noted in 2.5% (4/160) of women. CMV genital shedding was documented in only one woman with STIs, compared with 12.5% (20/160) without STIs. Among women shedding CMV in the genital tract, CMV viral load levels ranged from 1.1 × 102 IU/mL to 2.2 × 104 IU/mL. Conclusion In a cohort of CMV seropositive women, the presence of STIs in late pregnancy did not increase CMV genital shedding. Our preliminary findings suggest CMV shedding is not associated with STIs detected late in pregnancy. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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Prevalence of Trichomonas Vaginalis and its Correlation with Socio-demographic Variables in Pregnant Women in Al-Diwaniya,Iraq

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v9ispl1.1286 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (SPL1) ◽

Author(s):

Shiren Ali Al Hamzawi

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Demographic Variables ◽

Transmitted Infection ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Vaginal Swabs ◽

Low Education

Estimates of Trichomonas vaginalis prevalence in pregnant women are variable with few studies in Iraq.T. vaginalis is a worldwide prevalent sexually transmitted infection,but fortunately,it is very treatable. Researchers believed that pregnancy is one of the effective factors for T. vaginalis infection in women.A cross-sectional study performed in Obstetrics and Gynecology Department at Maternity and Children Teaching Hospital in Al-Diwaniya city on two hundred female pregnant patients between the ages of 16-45 years. These females had no intercourse for 2–3 days,not using drugs (antibiotics,antiprotozoal or steroids) for the last 15 days. Vaginal discharges of any type with or without itching,burning sensation or both were their main complaints. Vaginal swabs were taken from all participating patients for direct wet mount microscopy and culture for the detection of Trichomonas vaginalis infection. The study showed that twelve out of two hundred examined pregnant women (6%) presented with T. vaginalis infection. The infection was more in those with mothers’ age (26-35) years,housewives,low education,higher parity,and of rural residents. Other maternal variables were not significantly associated with T. vaginalis infection. The study showed a prevalence of (6%) of T. vaginalis infection in pregnant female attendees. Infection was more in those with mothers ’age (26-35) years,housewives,low educational level,higher parity,and living in rural areas.

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Improved molecular laboratory productivity by consolidation of testing on the new random-access analyzer Alinity m

LaboratoriumsMedizin ◽

10.1515/labmed-2020-0102 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Martin Obermeier ◽

Monia Pacenti ◽

Robert Ehret ◽

Francesco Onelia ◽

Rory Gunson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽

Random Access ◽

Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽

Transmitted Infection ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

B Virus ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

International Multicenter Study ◽

Laboratory Productivity ◽

Laboratory Workflow

AbstractObjectivesAutomated molecular analyzers have accelerated diagnosis, allowing earlier intervention and better patient follow-up. A recently developed completely automated molecular analyzer, Alinity™ m (Abbott), offers consolidated, continuous, and random-access testing that may improve molecular laboratory workflow.MethodsAn international, multicenter study compared laboratory workflow metrics across various routine analyzers and Alinity m utilizing assays for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), high-risk human papillomavirus (HR HPV), and sexually transmitted infection (STI) (Chlamydia trachomatis [CT]/Neisseria gonorrhoeae [NG]/Trichomonas vaginalis [TV]/Mycoplasma genitalium [MG]). Three turnaround times (TATs) were assessed: total TAT (sample arrival to result), sample onboard TAT (sample loading and test starting to result), and processing TAT (sample aspiration to result).ResultsTotal TAT was reduced from days with routine analyzers to hours with Alinity m, independent of requested assays. Sample onboard TATs for standard workflow using routine analyzers ranged from 7 to 32.5 h compared to 2.75–6 h for Alinity m. The mean sample onboard TAT for STAT samples on Alinity m was 2.36 h (±0.19 h). Processing TATs for Alinity m were independent of the combination of assays, with 100% of results reported within 117 min.ConclusionsThe consolidated, continuous, random-access workflow of Alinity m reduces TATs across various assays and is expected to improve both laboratory operational efficiency and patient care.

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Partner notification and treatment outcomes among South African adolescents and young adults diagnosed with a sexually transmitted infection via laboratory-based screening

International Journal of STD & AIDS ◽

10.1177/0956462420915395 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 31 (7) ◽

pp. 627-636 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pooja Chitneni ◽

Mags Beksinska ◽

Janan J Dietrich ◽

Manjeetha Jaggernath ◽

Kalysha Closson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Sexually Transmitted Infection ◽

Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽

Partner Notification ◽

Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽

Adolescents And Young Adults ◽

Transmitted Infection ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Care Cascade ◽

Essential Components

Partner notification and treatment are essential components of sexually transmitted infection (STI) management, but little is known about such practices among adolescents and young adults. Using data from a prospective cohort study (AYAZAZI) of youth aged 16–24 years in Durban, South Africa, we assessed the STI care cascade across participant diagnosis, STI treatment, partner notification, and partner treatment; index recurrent STI and associated factors; and reasons for not notifying partner of STI. Participants completed laboratory-based STI screening ( Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma genitalium, Trichomonas vaginalis) at enrollment and at 12 months. Of the 37/216 participants with STI (17%), 27/37 (73%) were women and 10/37 (27%) were men. Median age was 19 years (IQR: 18–20). Of the participants with STI, 23/37 (62%) completed a Treatment and Partner Tracing Survey within 6 months of diagnosis. All survey participants reported completing STI treatment (100%), 17/23 (74%) notified a partner, and 6/23 (35%) reported partner treatment. Overall, 4/23 (11%) participants had 12-month recurrent C. trachomatis infection, with no association with partner notification or treatment. Stigma and lack of STI knowledge were reasons for not notifying partner of STI. STI partner notification and treatment is a challenge among youth. Novel strategies are needed to overcome barriers along the STI care cascade.

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Molecular epidemiology of non-viral sexually transmitted infections in the central Alpine province of Bolzano, northern Italy from April 2016 to March 2017

Microbiologia Medica ◽

10.4081/mm.2018.7852 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Richard Aschbacher ◽

Francesca Romagnoli ◽

Elisa Masi ◽

Valentina Pasquetto ◽

Franco Perino ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Epidemiology ◽

Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽

Ureaplasma Urealyticum ◽

Mycoplasma Hominis ◽

Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽

Northern Italy ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Ureaplasma Parvum ◽

One Year ◽

The One

Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Trichomonas vaginalis, Ureaplasma parvum, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Mycoplasma hominis and Mycoplasma genitalium are established or presumed as (??) STI pathogens. The present study aims at ng describing the one-year molecular epidemiology of these seven pathogens in the Province of Bolzano, Northern Italy. From April 2016 to March 2017, a total of 2,949 patients, mainly females, were enrolled and 3,427 urine, vaginal, endocervical and/or urethral samples were subjected to simultaneous analysis of the seven pathogens by means of Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (AnyplexTM II STI-7 Detection Kit Seegene, Seoul, Korea). At least one of the seven microorganisms was detected in 40.7% of patients, with an uneven distribution: 43.1% in females (F) and 29.8% (p<0.001) in males (M). The prevalence of microorganisms was as follows: 30.3% U. parvum (F: 35.6%, M: 8.3%), 6.9% U. urealyticum (F: 6.8%, M: 7.0%), 4.9% M. hominis (F: 5.4%, M: 2.3%), 4.9% C. trachomatis (F: 3.4%, M: 11.4%), 1.1% M. genitalium (F: 1.0%, M: 1.2%), 1.2% N. gonorrhoeae (F: 0.17%, M: 5.6%) and 0.40% T. vaginalis (F: 0.38%, M: 0.53%). Mixed infections were detected in 7.4% of patients. The highest prevalence was observed for U. parvum, followed by U. urealyticum and M. hominis and a significant presence of multi-pathogen infections was registered.

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Mycoplasma genitalium Detection in Urogenital Specimens from Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Men and Women by Use of the cobas TV/MG Test

Journal of Clinical Microbiology ◽

10.1128/jcm.02124-19 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 58 (6) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Barbara Van Der Pol ◽

Ken B. Waites ◽

Li Xiao ◽

Stephanie N. Taylor ◽

Arundhati Rao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽

Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽

The United States ◽

Clinical Samples ◽

Men And Women ◽

Content Type ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Asymptomatic Individuals ◽

Asymptomatic Men

ABSTRACT Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) infections are a growing concern within the field of sexually transmitted infections. However, diagnostic assays for M. genitalium have been limited in the United States. As most infections are asymptomatic, individuals can unknowingly pass the infection on, and the prevalence is likely to be underestimated. Diagnosis of M. genitalium infection is recommended using a nucleic acid test. This multicenter study assessed the performance of the cobas Trichomonas vaginalis (TV)/MG assay (cobas) for the detection of M. genitalium, using 22,150 urogenital specimens from both symptomatic and asymptomatic men and women collected at geographically diverse sites across the United States. The performance was compared to a reference standard of three laboratory-developed tests (LDTs). The specificity of the cobas assay for M. genitalium ranged from 96.0% to 99.8% across symptomatic and asymptomatic men and women. The sensitivities in female vaginal swabs and urine samples were 96.6% (95% confidence interval [CI], 88.5 to 99.1%) and 86.4% (95% CI, 75.5 to 93.0%), respectively. The sensitivities in male urine and meatal swab samples were 100% (95% CI, 94.0 to 100%) and 85.0% (95% CI, 73.9 to 91.9%), respectively. This study demonstrated that the cobas assay was highly sensitive and specific in all relevant clinical samples for the detection of M. genitalium.

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Expansion of Comprehensive Screening of Male Sexually Transmitted Infection Clinic Attendees with Mycoplasma genitalium and Trichomonas vaginalis Molecular Assessment: a Retrospective Analysis

Journal of Clinical Microbiology ◽

10.1128/jcm.01625-16 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 55 (1) ◽

pp. 321-325 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Erik Munson ◽

David Wenten ◽

Sheila Jhansale ◽

Mary Kay Schuknecht ◽

Nicki Pantuso ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sexually Transmitted Infection ◽

Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽

Screening Program ◽

Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽

Transmitted Infection ◽

Additional Specimen ◽

Content Type ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Infection Clinic

ABSTRACTOf 1,493 encounters of males at a sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinic in a community with a high prevalence of STI,Chlamydia trachomatiswas detected in 8.7% andNeisseria gonorrhoeaewas detected in 6.6%. AdditionalTrichomonas vaginalisandMycoplasma genitaliumscreening found 17.4% and 23.9% of the encounters, respectively, to be positive for STI. STI agents were detected in 13.7% of urine specimens; addition of pharyngeal and rectal collections to the analysis resulted in detection of STI agents in 19.0% and 23.9% of encounters, respectively. A total of 101 (23.8%) encounters of identified STI involved sole detection ofM. genitalium. Expansion of the STI analyte panel (includingM. genitalium) and additional specimen source sampling within a comprehensive STI screening program increase identification of male STI carriers.

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INCIDENCE OF SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS: LOCAL STUDY IN UKRAINE

World Science ◽

10.31435/rsglobal_ws/30082018/6059 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (8(36)) ◽

pp. 4-7

Author(s):

Fedorych P. V. ◽

Mavrov G. I.

Keyword(s):

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽

Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽

Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽

Ureaplasma Urealyticum ◽

Mycoplasma Hominis ◽

Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽

Local Study ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Clinically Significant

Introduction.The structure of incidence of sexually transmitted infections is changing constantly. Information on such changes supports correct planning of clinical and diagnostic activities of institutions providing specialized medical care by qualified specialists.Objective:to investigate the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections with pathogens clinically significant to the genitourinary system in Ukraine and at the local level.Materials and methods. Polymerase chain reaction was used to test the biological material obtained from the genitourinary clinical specimens from subjects with sexually transmitted infections, who underwent clinical and laboratory examinations in Oleksandrivsk Clinical Hospital (Kyiv, Ukraine) for Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma hominis, Mycoplasma genitalium, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Trichomonas vaginalis, Human papillomavirus, and Neisseria gonorrhoea. During 2017, 607 subjects of both genders, including 295 (48.6%) females and 312 (51.4%) males, were examined. Their mean age was 32±3.5.Findings. Chlamydia trachomatis was found in 159 (26.2%) of 607 examined subjects – 85 males and 74 females. Mycoplasma hominis was found in 122 of 585 (21.1%) examined subjects – 64 males and 58 females. Mycoplasma genitalium, respectively, in 17 (6.62%) of 258 subjects – 6 males and 11 females. Ureaplasma urealyticum was found in the largest number of subjects (305, i.e. in 48.77% of 601 examined subjects) – 157 males and 148 females. Trichomonas vaginalis was found in 28 (5.23%) of 535 subjects – 15 males and 13 females. Human papillomavirus was found in 158 of 297 (53.2%) examined subjects – 88 males and 70 females. Neisseria gonorrhea was found in 33 of 297 (8.45%) subjects – 8 males and 25 females.Conclusions. As suggested by the local study of the sexually transmitted infections incidence in Ukraine, the most clinically significant for the genitourinary system are Human papillomavirus (53.2%), Ureaplasma urealyticum (48.77%), Chlamydia trachomatis (26.2%) and Mycoplasma hominis (21.1%). Therefore, tests for these pathogens in the specified region is currently the most appropriate during diagnostic examinations and counselling of subjects with genitourinary infections.

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Introduction of a complementary screening system for the detection of sexually transmitted infections in patients with sterile pyuria

Revista Española de Quimioterapia ◽

10.37201/req/145.2020 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Helena Gil-Campesino ◽

◽

Laura Sante ◽

Enrique Callejas Castro ◽

María Lecuona

Keyword(s):

Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽

Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽

Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽

Epidemiological Data ◽

Screening System ◽

Effective Screening ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Work Routine ◽

Sterile Pyuria ◽

A Prospective Study

Objective. The aim of the study was to evaluate a complementary screening system for the detection of sexually transmitted infections in patients with sterile pyuria. Material and methods. A prospective study was conducted using Real-time multiplex qPCR in 300 consecutive urine samples with data on sterile pyuria. STI prevalence and patient epidemiological data were analyzed. Results. A total of 29 positive cases (9.67%) were found: 16 Chlamydia trachomatis, 5 Mycoplasma genitalium, 5 Trichomonas vaginalis and 3 co-infections. The group with sexually transmitted infections was mainly composed of women (65.5%), of which one third was pregnant. Conclusion. This study presents an effective screening system for the detection of sexually transmitted infections that can be integrated into the laboratories’ work routine.

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Frequency of Sexually Transmitted Pathogens in HIV- Positive Individuals

Türk Mikrobiyoloji Cemiyeti Dergisi ◽

10.5222/tmcd.2021.50469 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Tuğba Bozdemir ◽

Candan Çİçek ◽

Deniz Gökengin ◽

Sabire Şöhret Aydemir ◽

İmre Altuğlu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽

Ureaplasma Urealyticum ◽

Mycoplasma Hominis ◽

Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Ureaplasma Parvum ◽

Asymptomatic Individuals ◽

Simplex Virus

Objective: Sexually transmitted infections are frequently seen and significant infections for public health. Prevention, early diagnosis and treatment of sexually transmitted infections have an important role in controlling the transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). The investigation of the frequency of other sexually transmitted pathogens in asymptomatic HIV- positive individuals was aimed in the present study. Method: Vaginal and urethral swab samples were collected by 90 HIV- positive asymptomatic individuals themselves aged between 20-69 (median=36, SD=10.48) years, between September 2015 and April 2016. The samples were assessed for the presence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Trichomonas vaginalis, Mycoplasma genitalium, Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Ureaplasma parvum, Herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2, and Human papillomavirus using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Results: At least one or more than one sexually transmitted pathogen was identified in 49 (54.4%) of 90 HIV-positive individuals. Human Papillomavirus was found in 31 (34.4%), Ureaplasma urealyticum in 20 (22.2%), Ureaplasma parvum in 15 (16.6%), Mycoplasma genitalium in 8 (8.8%), Mycoplasma hominis in 8 (8.8%), Neisseria gonorrhoeae in 5 (5.5%) and Chlamydia trachomatis in 2 (2.2%) individuals. Trichomonas vaginalis, Herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 were not detected in any of the clinical specimens. Conclusion: Approximately 55% of 90 HIV- positive individuals were found to be positive for sexually transmitted pathogens, and . Human Papillomavirus was the most frequently detected pathogen. This condition reveals the necessity of screening even asymptomatic individuals for the presence of this pathogen. Studies are needed to increase awareness in our country on this issue.

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The Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis and Three Other Non-Viral Sexually Transmitted Infections among Pregnant Women in Pemba Island Tanzania

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens9080625 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. 625

Author(s):

Naomi C.A. Juliana ◽

Saikat Deb ◽

Sander Ouburg ◽

Aishwarya Chauhan ◽

Jolein Pleijster ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽

Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Genital Infections ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Pemba Island ◽

Starting Point ◽

Sub Saharan

Efforts to map the burden of infections globally have shown a high prevalence of genital infections, including Chlamydia trachomatis, in sub-Saharan Africa. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the prevalence of selected non-viral genital infections among pregnant women in Pemba Island, Tanzania. Vaginal swabs were collected during pregnancy and stored in eNAT buffer. Detection of C. trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrheae, Trichomonas vaginalis, and Mycoplasma genitalium pathogens was performed by PCR using validated detection kits. Vaginal samples of 439 pregnant women between 16 and 48 years were tested. In fifty-five (12.5%) of them, at least one genital pathogen was detected. The most prevalent pathogen was T. vaginalis (7.1%), followed by C. trachomatis (4.6%) and M. genitalium (2.1%). None of the vaginal samples tested positive for N. gonorrheae. Consequently, among positive samples, 7.3% were for C. trachomatis and at least one other genital pathogen. This study provides insights on the burden of the four studied genital infections, and on the coinfections among pregnant women in Pemba Island, Tanzania. These results offer a starting point that can be useful to design further research in the field of maternal and child health in Pemba Island.

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