Conclusion

2020 ◽  
pp. 297-304
Author(s):  
Ariane M. Tabatabai
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
The Core ◽  
Terrorist Groups

The Conclusion answers questions first posed in the Introduction pertaining to the drivers shaping Iran’s national security thinking and policies, including its nuclear and missile programs, support for armed militias and terrorist groups, and regional interventions. It argues that the elements of continuity described throughout the book demonstrate that the core assumption held in the scholarship on revolutions—according to which revolutions necessarily mark a total departure from the part—may not capture the complexity of countries’ national security thinking. And Conclusion also discusses the policy implications of this finding and warns that a different regime in Iran may not act fundamentally differently from the current one as many may hope.

MITIGATION COST AND CLIMATE DAMAGE VERSUS INCENTIVE SHIFTS OF CLIMATE COALITION

2016 ◽  
Vol 07 (04) ◽  
pp. 1650011
Author(s):  
ZILI YANG
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Bargaining Game ◽  
Integrated Assessment Model ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Good Representation ◽  
Ghg Mitigation ◽  
Mitigation Cost ◽  
The Core ◽  
Cooperative Bargaining

Climate damage and greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation cost plays important roles in a region’s willingness and incentives to join the global climate coalition. Negotiation of climate treaty can be modeled as a cooperative bargaining game of externality provision. The core of this game is a good representation of incentives of the participants. In this paper, we examine the relationship between the shocks of mitigation cost/climate damage and the shifts of the core of cooperative bargaining game of climate negotiation within the framework of RICE [Nordhaus and Yang, 1996. A regional dynamic general equilibrium model of alternative climate change strategies. American Economic Review, 86, 741–765], a widely used integrated assessment model (IAM) of climate change. Constructing a method that maps the core allocations onto a convex hull on the simplex of social welfare weights, we describe the scope of the core in simple metrics and capture the shifts of the core representation on the simplex in response to the shocks of mitigation cost and climate damage. A series of simulations are conducted in RICE to demonstrate the usefulness of the approach explored here. In addition, policy implications of methodological results are indicated.

Conclusion: “It Sends Its Bloodhounds Everywhere”

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Fuller
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
National Security Policy ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Terrorist Groups ◽  
The U.S

This concluding chapter examines the legacy of the CIA's drone war on U.S. counterterrorism, wider U.S. national security policy, and the conduct of America's rivals—both nation-states and terrorist groups. It contemplates the nature of technological progress, judging that innovations always introduce potential threats and opportunities in equal measure. Furthermore, while it is almost inevitable that terrorist groups will exploit drone technology for heinous ends, the technology also offers wider commercial and civilian society opportunities, just as previous transformative technologies, first developed for the purpose of taking lives, eventually came to transform them in positive ways. The use of drones to neutralize terrorists is best understood as the embodiment of America's long-term counterterrorism goal made possible by advancements in both technology and the willingness of the U.S. government to authorize the CIA in undertaking lethal counterterrorist actions.

scholarly journals Does the Economic Security of the Russian Speaking Minority Threaten the Latvian National Security?

2020 ◽  
pp. 149-155
Author(s):  
Ondřej Hynek
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Process Tracing ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Crucial Point ◽  
The Core

The core of this paper is aiming at the economic security of the Russian minority in Latvia. The Russian minorities are representing the potentially vulnerable part in Baltics security because of the collapse of the USSR that led to the disputes between the Russian minority and “local” Baltics citizens. Thus, the economic conditions mean the crucial point for allaying the disputes and improving the security, therefore, the Russian minority in Latvia won’t tend to be integrated back to Russia. With this mind, the inquiry of the economic conditions of the Russian minority should depict if the economic security of the Latvian Russians jeopardizes the national security of Latvia. The paper is anchored on the concept of national security and economic security. The research is comparing and evaluating progress. Thus, the utilization of the comparative and process-tracing methods should endorse to explicate how the Latvian- Russians are doing in comparison with Latvians and evaluate progress during the time. Despite that the conditions of the Russian minority are constantly improving, we should not underestimate them since they have not reached the level of Latvians yet.

Leaving Terrorism Behind

Small Arms ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 144-163
Author(s):  
Mia Bloom
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Pull Factors ◽  
Push And Pull Factors ◽  
The Core ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
Legal Challenges ◽  
Terrorist Groups ◽  
Psychological Dynamics ◽  
Push And Pull

In several countries including Singapore, Saudi Arabia and Pakistan, rehabilitation programs dedicated specifically to children seek to reduce the risk that children rescued from terrorist groups may re-enter those groups upon release from detention. The capture or rescue of child militants poses exceptional social and legal challenges, and some extraordinary efforts are underway to help children reintegrate into the communities from which they were recruited or coerced into involvement. The chapter explores the various push and pull factors that are at the heart of the disengagement process, and will explore these especially in light of the core psychological dynamics at play in the initial involvement pathways.

Regulating Blockchain

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Hacker ◽  
Ioannis Lianos ◽  
Georgios Dimitropoulos ◽  
Stefan Eich
Keyword(s):  
Financial Markets ◽  
Data Protection ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Core ◽  
Legal Evolution ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Law And Politics ◽  
Core Points

This introductory chapter provides an overview of the main legal and policy implications of blockchain technology. It proceeds in four steps. First, the chapter traces the technical and legal evolution of blockchain applications since the early days of Bitcoin, highlighting in particular the political ambitions and tensions that have marked many of these projects from the start. Second, it shows how blockchain applications have created new calculative spaces of financial markets that seek to challenge existing forms of money. Third, it discusses the core points of friction with incumbent legal systems, with a particular focus on the regulability of decentralized systems in general and data protection concerns in particular. Fourth, the chapter provides an outline to the contributions to the volume, which span a wide array of topics at the intersection of blockchain, law, and politics.

Conclusion

2020 ◽  
pp. 244-260
Author(s):  
Stefanie Walter ◽  
Ari Ray ◽  
Nils Redeker
Keyword(s):  
Policy Implications ◽  
European Council ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Policy Options ◽  
European Level ◽  
Eurozone Crisis ◽  
Policy Issues ◽  
The Core ◽  
Scant Attention ◽  
Almost All

The concluding chapter begins by summarizing and discussing the insights that this book has generated. It has addressed three aspects that have received scant attention in existing research: The importance of analyzing the Eurozone crisis in comparative perspective, the importance of examining the whole range of policy options, including the ones not chosen, and the importance of analyzing crisis politics not just in deficit-debtor, but also in surplus-creditor countries. Because the bulk of the book’s analyses have focused on domestic distributive struggles, the concluding chapter turns to the question to what extent the book’s approach is useful for understanding the distributive struggles on the European level as well. For this purpose, the chapter examines how surplus and deficit states positioned themselves with regard to the core EMU-related issues and reforms that were discussed in the European Council during the Eurozone crisis. The analysis shows that on policy issues related to questions of adjustment and financing, deficit and surplus countries aligned in opposing camps. Moreover, creditor-surplus countries managed to secure policy decisions in line with their preferences on almost all adjustment-related policy issues. This meant that deficit countries had to carry the bulk of the adjustment burden. In contrast, surplus countries showed more willingness to compromise on issues related to financing. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the policy implications of the findings and offers an agenda for future research.

Introduction

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
David P. Hadley
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
National Security ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Press

The introduction examines the overall questions animating the core work. Using Director of Central Intelligence William E. Colby’s explanation of how opinion shaped CIA activity, it explores how the CIA both was influenced by the press and sought to influence the press to shape the environment in which it operated. The introduction also explores the previous understandings of how the press and the CIA interacted and disputes a persistent theory originated by Deborah Davis that there existed a program called Mockingbird designed by the CIA to manipulate the press. It argues also that, in addition to Cold War–related activities, the CIA was interested in the press as a way to promote its reputation and establish its security within the national security bureaucracy.

Conclusions and Policy Implications

2018 ◽  
pp. 138-150
Author(s):  
Bruce E. Bechtol
Keyword(s):  
General Public ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Terrorist Groups ◽  
Weapons Systems

This chapter addresses policy recommendations and also summarizes and assesses the results of the research presented in this book, results that have the potential to be useful to policy makers, the general public, and academics and specialists who have an interest in the region. By providing details on what types of weapons systems and how much money is generated by illicit deals with other rogue nations such as Iran and Syria (as well as terrorist groups such as Hezbollah and Hamas) as well numerous states in Africa, this work contributes to more than just the scholarship—it contributes to the evidence chain. This evidence will be entirely unclassified and thus also releasable to an often uniformed or underinformed public.

What Is the Social Responsibility of Social Scientists to Influence National Security Affairs?

2020 ◽  
pp. 0095327X2091718
Author(s):  
Yagil Levy
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Security Studies ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Critical Sociology ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Social ◽  
Security Affairs

Mainstream scholars of IR favor policy-relevant research, that is the agenda to influence government policymakers by offering policy recommendations. In this article, I offer a different perspective by presenting alternative arguments about social scientists’ responsibility to influence. By drawing on themes of public sociology and critical sociology, security studies and public policy, I argue that the core of this responsibility is to seek to influence policy via engagement with the public rather than with policymakers.

scholarly journals How Should We Think about the Winners and Losers from Globalization? A Reply to Nicolas Lamp

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 1399-1408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Hoekman ◽  
Douglas Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Policy Reforms ◽  
The Core ◽  
Analytical Foundation ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Core Issues ◽  
Do So

Abstract How should we think about the winners and losers from globalization? What role can narrative analysis play in doing so? We argue that to be useful, identifying politically relevant narratives on the distributional effects of globalization, and the role played by trade agreements in fostering such effects, must have an empirical basis. Characterizing different narratives and inferring from each the implications for the (re-)design of international agreements without analysis whether the suggested policy reforms will help losers from globalization does not advance matters. Effectively employed, narrative analysis can extend our knowledge of the politics of trade and policy towards globalization more generally. To do so, it must have an analytical foundation, centre on the relationship of the narrative to the facts, ask which narrative is more persuasive based on empirical evidence and assess whether inferred policy implications will address the core issues of concern to those who employ the narrative.

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