Prologue

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-28
Author(s):  
Oscar H. Gandy Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Social Control ◽  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Karl Marx ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Technological Systems ◽  
Anthony Giddens ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
Philosophical Frameworks

This prologue provides a brief introduction to the primary sources of the theoretical and philosophical frameworks which influenced the development of the panoptic sort as a point of focus and concern. It begins almost immediately with Karl Marx and other political economists seeking to understand the importance of technological systems in the continuing development of capitalism. It includes Jacques Ellul’s technicist emphasis as contrasted with Max Weber’s emphasis on rationalization and the search for efficiency and effectiveness in social as well as technological systems and institutions. Michel Foucault provides much more than an introduction to panopticism through his articulate linking of power and knowledge, and its application to discipline and social control. And while Foucault’s influence has been substantial, it comes in second to Anthony Giddens’ presentation of the nature and importance of the complexity within societal systems, and processes like “structuration,” that are linked to public policy and governance efforts that are becoming increasingly dependent upon surveillance and computational analytics.

7. Law and social theory

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond Wacks
Keyword(s):  
Social Control ◽  
Social Theory ◽  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Karl Marx ◽  
Max Weber ◽  
Emile Durkheim ◽  
Social Phenomenon ◽  
Sociological Analysis ◽  
The Concept Of Law ◽  
Legal Concepts

A sociological account of law argues that in order to understand and explain the concept of law we need to adopt a sociological analysis based on the actual social circumstances in which the law and legal ideas are shaped and applied. This approach typically makes three related claims: that we cannot correctly comprehend the meaning of law except as a ‘social phenomenon’, that the study of legal concepts offers an incomplete explanation of ‘law in action’, and that law is only one form of social control. This chapter examines how these claims are developed in the theories of Roscoe Pound, Eugen Ehrlich, Émile Durkheim, Max Weber, Karl Marx, Michel Foucault, and Jürgen Habermas.

Foreword

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Oscar H. Gandy Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Data Processing ◽  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Karl Marx ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Anthony Giddens ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Central Factors ◽  
Communication And Information Technology ◽  
Made In

This foreword, an addition to this second edition, serves in part as a preface that was not included in the original. In addition to providing brief descriptions of the material to be covered in each of the chapters, it makes reference to important scholarly contributions made in related areas of concern that developed following the publication of The Panoptic Sort in 1993. Among these contributions, those made by Karl Marx, Jacques Ellul, Anthony Giddens, and Michel Foucault were featured quite extensively. Among my colleagues and contemporaries, particular attention was also paid to the contributions made by James Beniger, Klaus Krippendorff, David Lyon, Vincent Mosco, Helen Nissenbaum, Priscilla Regan, and Alan Westin. Although the book was focused primarily on the collection and use of personal and transaction generated information, critical changes in communication and information technology, including the internet and algorithmic data processing were noted as central factors in the further development of the panoptic sort.

Revisionisme Marxisme Dan Perkembangan Ideologi Demokrasi Sosial (Studi Pemikiran Eduard Bernstein dan Anthony Giddens)

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Arizka Warganegara
Keyword(s):  
Democratic Party ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Karl Marx ◽  
Social Democracy ◽  
Political Scientist ◽  
Social Democratic Party ◽  
Third Way ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Anthony Giddens ◽  
Cosmopolitan Democracy

This study is about the law development of social democracy in the perspective of Eduard Bernstein andAnthony Giddens. It applied the method of qualitative analysis and used the library research, the data inthis study analyzed with the content of analysis. The main purposes of this study wants to describe andanalysis of Law Development of Social Democracy in the perspective of Bernstein and Giddens.Socialism Democracy of Bernstein and Cosmopolitan Democracy of Giddens used as toll of comparative.Social Democracy has been revision three times, Bernstein is the first generation, The second generationis Social Democratic Party of Germany with The bad Godesberg Program and the last is Giddens. Theinteresting of this study is the basic difference among Bernstein and Giddens in the understanding ofconcept of Social Democracy. The different time and context imply the different ontology andepistemology to this ideology. If Bernstein lived in the time of raised of capitalism and Industrialization inEurope, Giddens has lived in the time of this ideology must be against the raises of Neo liberalism andGlobalization. Actually The basic concept of Social democracy of Bersntein is his critics to the theory andconcept of Karl Marx, this causes the different perspective with Giddens. Finally Giddens made thisideology more Liberal than before, many political scientist assume that The Third Way of Giddens is thecontinuously of Capitalism.Keywords : Social Democracy, Bad Godesberg and Capitalism

Humanism and the Human

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Winters
Keyword(s):  
Critical Theory ◽  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Karl Marx ◽  
Black Studies ◽  
Black Feminism ◽  
Working Through ◽  
A Site ◽  
The Ideal ◽  
Sylvia Wynter

This chapter engages humanism and its fundamental assumptions by working through critical theory, black feminism, and black studies. It contends that there is a tension at the heart of humanism—while the ideal human appears to be the most widespread and available category, it has been constructed over and against certain qualities, beings, and threats. To elaborate on this tension, this chapter revisits the work of authors like Karl Marx and Michel Foucault. Marx acknowledges that the human is a site of conflict and antagonism even as his thought betrays a lingering commitment to progress and humanism. Foucault goes further than Marx by underscoring the fabricated quality of man and the ways in which racism functions to draw lines between those who must live and those who must die. In response to Marx and Foucault’s tendency to privilege Europe, this chapter engages black feminism and Afro-pessimism—Sylvia Wynter, Hortense Spillers, and Frank Wilderson—who show how the figure of the human within humanism is defined in opposition to blackness.

scholarly journals Liberdade, liberalismo e intervenção do estado: perspectivas teóricas de autores modernos

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-380
Author(s):  
Sávia Lorena Barreto Carvalho De Sousa
Keyword(s):  
John Rawls ◽  
Karl Marx ◽  
Max Weber ◽  
Adam Smith ◽  
Jürgen Habermas ◽  
Jurgen Habermas ◽  
Anthony Giddens ◽  
Friedrich Hayek

Este ensaio teórico de base analítica visa entender criticamente aspectos do liberalismo e da intervenção do Estado. Com o objetivo central de resgatar questões trabalhadas por autores modernos da Ciência Política a respeito das formas que uma sociedade pode ser mais justa e combater as desigualdades no mundo, o questionamento principal se desdobra em reflexões sobre como conciliar a liberdade com a atuação dos mercados e a respeito dos limites da democracia neste contexto, discutidos em uma problematização de pensadores como Adam Smith, Alex de Tocqueville, Stuart Mill, Max Weber e Karl Marx em diálogo com teóricos mais contemporâneos, como Friedrich Hayek, John Rawls, Jürgen Habermas e Anthony Giddens. Conclui-se a urgência de um processo de fortalecimento dos Parlamentos, com políticas públicas de inclusão social que permitam uma sociedade mais igualitária e uma educação que abra portas para formar um cidadão crítico, que compreenda as diferenças dentro do campo do respeito ao Outro e às liberdades de escolha. A proposta de contínuo aprimoramento das instituições e juízos através de sistemas de consultas, reformas e revisões jurídicas e políticas, é cada vez mais necessária em um mundo de constantes mudanças.

scholarly journals New Poetics of the Film Body: Docility, Molecular Fundamentalism and Twenty First Century Destiny

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Flynn
Keyword(s):  
Social Control ◽  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
The Body ◽  
First Century ◽  
Sovereign Power ◽  
Hollywood Film ◽  
Fundamental Level ◽  
Twenty First Century

Abstract Twenty first century film evokes a new topology of the body. Science and technology are the new century’s ‘sovereign power’ which enforces biopolitics through bodies which, by virtue of being seen at their most fundamental level, have become docile surfaces. The film body is at once manipulated and coerced into an ethos of optimization; a thoroughly scientific and ‘molecular’ optimization which proffers ‘normalization’ and intimately regulated bodies. In the film bodies of this millennium, bodily intervention results in surveillance becoming internalized. Now the body is both a means and an end of social control. This essay applies the philosophies Michel Foucault and Nikolas Rose to twenty first century Hollywood film, elucidating a new tropos, a new film body/body of film.

Harold Innis and the Empire of Speed

1999 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
RONALD J. DEIBERT
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Michel Foucault ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Ir Theory ◽  
Jürgen Habermas ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Anthony Giddens ◽  
The Face ◽  
Robert Cox ◽  
Per Se

Increasingly, International Relations (IR) theorists are drawing inspiration from a broad range of theorists outside the discipline. One thinks of the introduction of Antonio Gramsci's writings to IR theorists by Robert Cox, for example, and the ‘school’ that has developed in its wake. Similarly, the works of Anthony Giddens, Michel Foucault, and Jurgen Habermas are all relatively familiar to most IR theorists not because of their writings on world politics per se, but because they were imported into the field by roving theorists. Many others of varying success could be cited as well. Such cross-disciplinary excursions are important because they inject vitality into a field that – in the opinion of some at least—is in need of rejuvenation in the face of contemporary changes. In this paper, I elaborate on the work of the Canadian communications theorist Harold Innis, situating his work within contemporary IR theory while underlining his historicism, holism, and attention to time-space biases.

Guilty Until Proved Innocent: Wrongful Conviction and Public Policy

1986 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 518-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Ronald Huff ◽  
Arye Rattner ◽  
Edward Sagarin ◽  
Donal E. J. MacNamara
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Innocent Person ◽  
Wrongful Conviction ◽  
Extant Literature ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
The Subject

Few problems can pose a greater threat to free, democratic societies than that of wrongful conviction—the conviction of an innocent person. Yet relatively little attention has been paid to this problem, perhaps because of our understandable concern with the efficiency and effectiveness of the criminal justice system in combatting crime. Drawing on our own database of nearly 500 cases of wrongful conviction, our survey of criminal justice officials, and our review of extant literature on the subject, we address three major questions: (1) How frequent is wrongful conviction? (2) What are its major causes? and (3) What policy implications may be derived from this study?

scholarly journals Historia y Poder: los(des)usos de Marx en Foucault

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-141
Author(s):  
Diego Fernando Camelo Perdomo
Keyword(s):  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Karl Marx

Resumen: el artículo busca sostener que el uso de la obra de Karl Marx hecho por Michel Foucault obedeció al análisis genealógico a través del cual fue sometida la interpretación hecha por el filósofo alemán en torno a la economía. Sin embargo, aun cuando en el análisis genealógico se utilizaron categorías propuestas por Marx, ello no significó ninguna dependencia de Foucault sobre su obra. Para lograr este objetivo, se comprobará que la historia y el poder fueron dos piezas que se engranaron para hacer posible la comprensión del funcionamiento de la economía. De manera que Foucault demostraría la necesidad de descentralizar al sujeto como constituyente de las relaciones históricas y así aclarar la manera en que el discurso filosófico del marxismo, pretendiendo ser considerado como ciencia, incidió en la emergencia de saberes que permitieron entender los mecanismos de producción y su relación con el sujeto.

scholarly journals Renán Silva. Cuestiones disputadas. Ensayos sobre Marx, Freud, Foucault, Bourdieu y Bloch.

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-345
Author(s):  
Roch Little
Keyword(s):  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Karl Marx ◽  
Pierre Bourdieu

Lo primero que se puede decir de este libro es que su autor cumple a cabalidad con lo anunciado en el título. Son cuatro ensayos sobre cuatro grandes pensadores contemporáneos, los cuales pueden leerse de forma independiente y en el orden que se quiera. La razón por la cual Silva los asocia está claramente expresada en los primeros renglones: “se relacionan con mi trabajo académico como profesor y como investigador” (p. xi). Además, todos ellos pretenden responder a inquietudes respecto del “estatuto cambiante de las ciencias sociales y del análisis histórico” (énfasis del autor), como expresa al inicio del siguiente parágrafo. A primera vista, se podría pensar que nos encontramos ante otro libro sobre Karl Marx, Sigmund Freud, Michel Foucault, Pierre Bourdieu o Marc Bloch, pero el caso está lejos de ser este. En efecto, Silva aborda a los autores desde un ángulo diferente, examinando textos o escritos que se salen del mainstream, como por ejemplo la correspondencia de Freud y La extraña derrota de Bloch. Por otro lado, el historiador insiste reiterativamente en el hecho de que no los abordará como “especialista”, lo que le permite un abordaje “no-ortodoxo” de sus escritos, sin ninguna pretensión de defender cualquier especie de purismo.

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