Marxism

2021 ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
George W. Breslauer
Keyword(s):  
Marxist Theory ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
To Come ◽  
Advanced Capitalist

Marx provided the vision of revolution invoked by communist leaders as they sought to come to power. But he assumed this would happen in advanced capitalist countries, not in peasant-feudal societies. Ambiguities within Marxist theory led to a diversity of Marxisms in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, most notably among the so-called Economists, Orthodox Marxists, and Leninists.

The locomotive and the tree: industrial Pittsburgh's late nineteenth-century literary culture

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Brianne Jaquette
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
American Literature ◽  
Literary Culture ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Carnegie Museum ◽  
Regional Literature ◽  
University Of Missouri ◽  
Nineteenth Century American Literature ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
To Come

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] In The Locomotive and the Tree, I challenge the popular myth that the city of Pittsburgh was devoid of literary culture prior to the construction of the Carnegie museum, library, and concert hall in 1895. Pittsburgh, in fact, had a robust and thriving culture in general and specifically a literary scene that was rooted in newspaper production and was invested in the industrial aspects of the city�s growth. Much of the literary material coming from Pittsburgh was nonfiction or poetry, and it was in these forms that writers in Pittsburgh were able to come to terms with the changes taking place in a rapidly industrializing city. In contrast to scholarship that has emphasized the role of regional literature in this time period, my project uses periodical and print culture studies to analyze the localized literary culture of Pittsburgh. Instead of looking broadly at national literary culture that was disseminated from the East Coast outward, I argue for the need for research that broadens the scope of late-nineteenth century American literature by examining smaller networks of print.

All politics are global: nineteenth-century New York history in its own world wide web

Urban History ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-351
Author(s):  
JONATHAN SOFFER
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
New York ◽  
World Wide Web ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Literary Form ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
World Power ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
To Come

One of my colleagues likes to say that if a subject was worth one book, it was worth more than one. A comparison of two books on the development of New York City's manufacturing, commercial and financial elite demon-strates how differences in theoretical approaches, research materials and literary form can lead in significantly different directions. Beckert depicts the rise of the bourgeois class in the late nineteenth century with touches of tragedy and irony. Kessner's capitalists, while flawed, particularly in their mistreatment of labour, tend to come across as heroes who make America a dominant world power.

scholarly journals Marxist Analysis of Mohammed Hanif's Our Lady of Alice Bhatti

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-120
Author(s):  
Nazakat ◽  
Muhammad Imran ◽  
Adil Khan
Keyword(s):  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Class Struggle ◽  
Marxist Theory ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
The People ◽  
Marxist Analysis ◽  
To Come ◽  
And Gender

In the novel "Our Lady of Alice Bhatti", the novelist depicts the worse and pitiable plight of the lower classes living on the edges of marginality. The story is narrated through the perspective of a young Christian nurse and her 'choorah' family. Her oppression may well be interpreted as an instance of a class struggle between the capitalist and the proletariat. The study contends that religious and gender discrimination is, in some ways, the by-product of an uneven economic system and hegemonic capitalistic power structures. Basic tenets of Marxist theory are employed as a theoretical framework to conduct the research in a systematic way. The study reveals that the ideologies of creed, caste and colour are very often used as capitalistic tools to divide human beings, especially the lower classes. It suggests that there is a dire need for educating the people on how to come together simply for what they actually are.

Guestworkers of the World, Unite!

No Man's Land ◽  
2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cindy Hahamovitch
Keyword(s):  
Great Depression ◽  
Immigrant Workers ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Global History ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
To Come

This chapter explores the first phase of the global history of guestworker programs, which began in the late nineteenth century and lasted until the Great Depression of the 1930s. Before that time, there were no guestworker programs because there were no immigration restrictions. Immigration restrictions led to guestworker programs as states sought to guarantee employers access to the immigrant workers that restrictionists were trying to deny them. Temporary immigration schemes—guestworker programs—were state-brokered compromises designed to placate employers' demands for labor and nativists' demands for restriction. Guestworker programs offered clear-cut distinctions between citizens and noncitizens, natives and aliens, insiders and outsiders, whites and nonwhites. This first phase in the history of guestworker programs thus reveals the essential features of the guestworker programs to come.

6. Exploration and empire

2015 ◽  
pp. 83-99
Author(s):  
Stewart A. Weaver
Keyword(s):  
Great Plains ◽  
Missouri River ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Northwest Passage ◽  
North American Continent ◽  
The North ◽  
William Clark ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Antarctic

‘Exploration and empire’ begins with Jefferson's famous “Corps of Discovery” up the Missouri River and into the heart of the Great Plains lead by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark. Its two overriding purposes were to find a practicable water route across the North American continent and to establish peaceful relations with the native peoples now manifestly destined to come under American rule. The essential colonial context of late-nineteenth-century exploration is seen in Mungo Park's exploration of the Niger region in Africa; the British exploratory efforts to find the Northwest Passage in the Canadian Arctic; the race to the Antarctic; David Livingstone's attempts to find the Nile's source; and the search for the “forbidden city” of Lhasa, Tibet.

Height, Chest Size, and Household Composition in Late-Nineteenth-Century Catalonia

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Gregori Galofré-Vilà
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Adult Height ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Household Composition ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Parental Occupation ◽  
Age Gap ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This article measures the impact of early-life household composition on adult height and chest size in men born in Catalonia in the late nineteenth century. It combines data from military drafts with census records, observing the same individual twice over his lifetime. For family composition characteristics I control for the number of siblings, intergenesic interval, parental occupation and educational level, fatherless or motherless families, and other relatives living in the household. I show that taller individuals were more likely to come from well-off families and that men who grew up in orphanages or in motherless households were shorter than their counterparts. Results also uncover that there was a negative association between height and the number of siblings and the age gap between them. However, this negative association is driven by having more brothers (instead of sisters). If we are to gain a fuller understanding of the factors that have influenced height, we need to consider the composition of the household as an explanatory variable.

Investor-State Dispute Settlement under NAFTA Chapter 11: The Shape of Things to Come?

1998 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 263-290
Author(s):  
J. Anthony VanDuzer
Keyword(s):  
Free Trade Agreement ◽  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
Trade Agreement ◽  
Minimum Standards ◽  
The North ◽  
State Behaviour ◽  
Nafta Chapter 11 ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Right

SummaryRecently, there has been a proliferation of international agreements imposing minimum standards on states in respect of their treatment of foreign investors and allowing investors to initiate dispute settlement proceedings where a state violates these standards. Of greatest significance to Canada is Chapter 11 of the North American Free Trade Agreement, which provides both standards for state behaviour and the right to initiate binding arbitration. Since 1996, four cases have been brought under Chapter 11. This note describes the Chapter 11 process and suggests some of the issues that may arise as it is increasingly resorted to by investors.

Scanning Electron Microscopy-cuticular Lesions on the Roundworm Ascaris Suum

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 114-115
Author(s):  
P. A. Madden ◽  
W. R. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Secondary Electron ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Silver Paint ◽  
To Come ◽  
Scanning Electron

The intestinal roundworm of swine is pinkish in color and about the diameter of a lead pencil. Adult worms, taken from parasitized swine, frequently were observed with macroscopic lesions on their cuticule. Those possessing such lesions were rinsed in distilled water, and cylindrical segments of the affected areas were removed. Some of the segments were fixed in buffered formalin before freeze-drying; others were freeze-dried immediately. Initially, specimens were quenched in liquid freon followed by immersion in liquid nitrogen. They were then placed in ampuoles in a freezer at −45C and sublimated by vacuum until dry. After the specimens appeared dry, the freezer was allowed to come to room temperature slowly while the vacuum was maintained. The dried specimens were attached to metal pegs with conductive silver paint and placed in a vacuum evaporator on a rotating tilting stage. They were then coated by evaporating an alloy of 20% palladium and 80% gold to a thickness of approximately 300 A°. The specimens were examined by secondary electron emmission in a scanning electron microscope.

The microstructure change of low-carbon electrical steels by residual aluminum

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 286-287
Author(s):  
C.K. Hou ◽  
C.T. Hu ◽  
Sanboh Lee
Keyword(s):  
Annealing Treatment ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Electrical Steels ◽  
Vacuum Degassing ◽  
Spherical Inclusions ◽  
Residual Aluminum ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Fine Size ◽  
To Come

The fully processed low-carbon electrical steels are generally fabricated through vacuum degassing to reduce the carbon level and to avoid the need for any further decarburization annealing treatment. This investigation was conducted on eighteen heats of such steels with aluminum content ranging from 0.001% to 0.011% which was believed to come from the addition of ferroalloys.The sizes of all the observed grains are less than 24 μm, and gradually decrease as the content of aluminum is increased from 0.001% to 0.007%. For steels with residual aluminum greater than 0. 007%, the average grain size becomes constant and is about 8.8 μm as shown in Fig. 1. When the aluminum is increased, the observed grains are changed from the uniformly coarse and equiaxial shape to the fine size in the region near surfaces and the elongated shape in the central region. SEM and EDAX analysis of large spherical inclusions in the matrix indicate that silicate is the majority compound when the aluminum propotion is less than 0.003%, then the content of aluminum in compound inclusion increases with that in steel.

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