Introduction: The Anthropology of Police

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
Paul Mutsaers
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Legal Order ◽  
Social Effects ◽  
The North ◽  
The World

This introduction starts with a general discussion of the conflicted contours of police as reported by police anthropologists in various parts of the world. It leans on the notion of law and disorder, which is marked by the idea that police are not always a prerequisite of a socio-legal order and can sometimes even disturb it. It subsequently argues that this is largely due to an unmediated proximity between police and the policed that exists in many societies across the north–south divide. The risks of such ‘state proximity’ are manifold and yet, law enforcement bodies have carried out numerous reforms that make it possible. The chapter discusses various anti-bureaucracy reforms and the negative social effects they have had in The Netherlands. It concludes with an introduction of the chapters of the book, specifying the various links between the theories it has outlined and the empirical parts of the book.

Melting Ice Rivers

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl Colopy
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Mount Everest ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government

From a remote outpost of global warming, a summons crackles over a two-way radio several times a week: . . . Kathmandu, Tsho Rolpa! Babar Mahal, Tsho Rolpa! Kathmandu, Tsho Rolpa! Babar Mahal, Tsho Rolpa! . . . In a little brick building on the lip of a frigid gray lake fifteen thousand feet above sea level, Ram Bahadur Khadka tries to rouse someone at Nepal’s Department of Hydrology and Meteorology in the Babar Mahal district of Kathmandu far below. When he finally succeeds and a voice crackles back to him, he reads off a series of measurements: lake levels, amounts of precipitation. A father and a farmer, Ram Bahadur is up here at this frigid outpost because the world is getting warmer. He and two colleagues rotate duty; usually two of them live here at any given time, in unkempt bachelor quarters near the roof of the world. Mount Everest is three valleys to the east, only about twenty miles as the crow flies. The Tibetan plateau is just over the mountains to the north. The men stay for four months at a stretch before walking down several days to reach a road and board a bus to go home and visit their families. For the past six years each has received five thousand rupees per month from the government—about $70—for his labors. The cold, murky lake some fifty yards away from the post used to be solid ice. Called Tsho Rolpa, it’s at the bottom of the Trakarding Glacier on the border between Tibet and Nepal. The Trakarding has been receding since at least 1960, leaving the lake at its foot. It’s retreating about 200 feet each year. Tsho Rolpa was once just a pond atop the glacier. Now it’s half a kilometer wide and three and a half kilometers long; upward of a hundred million cubic meters of icy water are trapped behind a heap of rock the glacier deposited as it flowed down and then retreated. The Netherlands helped Nepal carve out a trench through that heap of rock to allow some of the lake’s water to drain into the Rolwaling River.

How Do They Do It?

2018 ◽  
pp. 45-79
Author(s):  
Bruce E. Bechtol
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
International Law ◽  
North Korea ◽  
Financial Networks ◽  
For Profit ◽  
The North ◽  
The World

North Korea has always been able to get around sanctions using some very clever tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTP) for getting its arms distributed. This has been an ongoing situation no matter what sanctions are imposed or the methods used to impose them. The North Koreans are constantly changing their TTP in order to adjust to the complex international law enforcement environment, and two key examples (combining illicit arms with legitimate cargo in containers placed on ships and then reflagging the ships) point to the fact that they are adjusting their TTP in order to adapt to sanctions, avoid detection by maritime forces of other nations, and stay below the radar of law enforcement around the world, which is often very wary of shipments tagged as North Korean. There are several other methods that North Korea uses to get around sanctions and conceal its illicit financial networks as well (all described in chapter 3). Thus far, it appears that these methods have been largely successful, and I examine in detail how the DPRK uses its government powers to get around sanctions and proliferate its arms for profit.

At Home Abroad: Ethnicity and Enclave in the World of Scots Traders in Northern Europe, c. 1600-1800

2004 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Catterall
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Ethnic Enclave ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Poor Relief ◽  
The North ◽  
The World

AbstractThis article examines the formation of Scots ethnicity from the perspective of the corporate, ethnic enclave and treats Scots migrants as boundary-crossers, members of an ethnic group that could operate independently of a state-driven agenda. Beginning with the reaction in a particular Scots network to the mid-18th-century bankruptcy of a Scots merchant and progressing to an overview of Scots enclaves from the Netherlands to Poland-Lithuania, it argues that Scots traders in the North and Baltic Sea zones depended on and in turn deferred to enclaves of their fellow countrymen in conducting their lives and careers. Moreover, because they tended to provide poor relief on the basis of ethnicity and promote non-denominational codes of behavior, northern Europe's Scots enclaves could accommodate an ethnic identity somewhat shorn of confessional division. In this regard, the piece concludes, Scots seem to have operated like other boundary-crossers such as the Sephardim of northern Europe or the Armenians of New Julfa.

scholarly journals Stílusváltozatok a világ rendészeti járványkezelésében

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 292-307
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Legal Order ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
World Health ◽  
List Type ◽  
International Treaty ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Threat ◽  
The Impact

Összefoglaló. A világjárvány a Föld minden országát fenyegeti. Az ellene folytatott küzdelem eredményeit és kudarcait akkor lehet felmérni, ha a veszély elmúlt. Addig csak a vírus támadásának a más társadalmi kockázatoktól eltérő egyedi tulajdonságai tárhatóak fel. Tanulmányozásra várnak az egyes országokban bevezetett rendkívüli intézkedések és az Egészségügyi Világszervezet (WHO) globális védekezésre tett kezdeményezései. Summary. The time has not yet come for a comprehensive assessment of the COVID-19 pandemic situation. At this stage, it is possible to collect information, formulate incomplete hypotheses, and define possible research directions and methodology. With this in mind, our paper will focus primarily on domestic practices. We will study the legislation, the constitutional basis of the special legal order, the functioning of public administration organisation, the reactions of criminal substantive and procedural law and, finally, the changed tasks and functions of law enforcement administration in the emergency situation. On the basis of the information available to us, we are seeking answers to three questions. Firstly, can the pandemic be considered a global threat to societies, one with specific characteristics that are different from all other threats? Secondly, what role do the state, government in general, and public administration authorities and law enforcement in particular, have to play in combating the pandemic? Thirdly, can international cooperation achieve such a level of global capacity for action that is needed to tackle the global threat? In response to the first question, the study describes the specificities that justify the uniqueness of the pandemic in nine points: the classification as the highest risk, the three hazards theory, the incomparable nature of the consequences of pandemics and natural disasters, the exclusion of any prior consideration of risk-taking, the application of the tolerable and intolerable distinction, the inconsistency of the typology of internal and external risks, a characteristic that cannot be predicted by legislation, the mathematical measurability of consequences, and the impact on the world economy. Our second aim was to present the domestic practice of combating the epidemic through the special legal order, drawing on the evaluations of legal scholars on the subject published since 2020. We have reviewed the constitutionality of the special legal order, its impact on central state and municipal administration, on substantive and procedural criminal law, and on law enforcement administration. Attention was paid to a specific institution dictated by the exceptional situation: the hospital command system. The police officers temporarily appointed to this post are responsible for supporting the organisational work in health institutions, which cannot include medical activities requiring medical training. The third theme focused on the World Health Organisation’s response to the epidemic from a global perspective. We recalled that the idea of an international treaty was first raised by the President of the European Council, Charles Michel, at the Paris Peace Forum in November 2020 and subsequently endorsed by the G7 leaders on 19 February 2021. EU leaders then expressed their commitment to start work on the preparation of an international treaty on pandemics in the framework of the World Health Organisation. We are convinced that this threefold approach will be worth pursuing when the opportunity arises to assess good and bad practices in epidemic management. However, this will be a task for the post-COVID era.

scholarly journals Extending of the Legal Order During Pandemic: The Russian Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 29-42
Author(s):  
Mark Belov
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
The State ◽  
Legal Order ◽  
Legal Philosophy ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Legal Practice ◽  
State Of Emergency ◽  
Political Reality ◽  
The World ◽  
Legal Mechanism

The unprecedented measures of quarantine regulation have led philosophers and lawyers around the world to speak of the fragility of democratic freedoms and the return of the state of emergency as a political reality described in the writings of 20th century theorists. However, the imposed restrictions are considered in the works either in relation to the legal mechanism of their imposition, or through the prism of political philosophy. In addition, the Russian experience has not been sufficiently highlighted in the publications. This article attempts to synthesize legal analysis with political-legal philosophy in order to show that the extension of the legal order is always embedded in its logic. The first part of the article shows how what has been mentioned at the level of philosophical reflection and in relation to foreign legal orders that have been implemented in Russia, using the example of substantive legal practice. The second half of the text draws attention to the logic of protest which coincides with the logic of both the police and the state. Since the rights to which the protesters draw attention to have their source precisely in the existing legal order, both the actions of the law-enforcement authorities and the actions of the protesters are aimed at protecting it. The conclusion is that the danger of this situation is that the normative system could poten-tially replace social reality in the future.

Eating NAFTA

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyshia Gálvez
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Food System ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Trade Agreement ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
The North ◽  
The World

In the two decades since the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) went into effect, Mexico has seen an epidemic of diet-related illness. While globalization has been associated with an increase in chronic disease around the world, in Mexico, the speed and scope of the rise has been called a public health emergency. The shift in Mexican foodways is happening at a moment when the country’s ancestral cuisine is now more popular and appreciated around the world than ever. What does it mean for their health and well-being when many Mexicans eat fewer tortillas and more instant noodles, while global elites demand tacos made with handmade corn tortillas? This book examines the transformation of the Mexican food system since NAFTA and how it has made it harder for people to eat as they once did. The book contextualizes NAFTA within Mexico’s approach to economic development since the Revolution, noticing the role envisioned for rural and low-income people in the path to modernization. Examination of anti-poverty and public health policies in Mexico reveal how it has become easier for people to consume processed foods and beverages, even when to do so can be harmful to health. The book critiques Mexico’s strategy for addressing the public health crisis generated by rising rates of chronic disease for blaming the dietary habits of those whose lives have been upended by the economic and political shifts of NAFTA.

Dreams Give Birth to Reality”. Engraving Austroseraphicum Coelum as an Attempt to Create a New Reality by the Spanish Habsburgs Dynastic Propaganda / Sny rodzą rzeczywistość…”. Grafika Austroseraphicum Coelum jako próba kreowania nowej rzeczywistości za pomocą propagandy dynastycznej Habsburgów hiszpańskich

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Kurowiak
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
General Condition ◽  
Symbolic System ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
Mission Of God ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The World ◽  
The Church

AbstractAs a work of propaganda, graphics Austroseraphicum Coelum Paulus Pontius should create a new reality, make appearances. The main impression while seeing the graphics is the admiration for the power of Habsburgs, which interacts with the power of the Mother of God. She, in turn, refers the viewer to God, as well as Franciscans placed on the graphic, they become a symbol of the Church. This is a starting point for further interpretation of the drawing. By the presence of certain characters, allegories, symbols, we can see references to a particular political situation in the Netherlands - the war with the northern provinces of Spain. The message of the graphic is: the Spanish Habsburgs, commissioned by the mission of God, they are able to fight all of the enemies, especially Protestants, with the help of Immaculate and the Franciscans. The main aim of the graphic is to convince the viewer that this will happen and to create in his mind a vision of the new reality. But Spain was in the seventeenth century nothing but a shadow of former itself (in the time of Philip IV the general condition of Spain get worse). That was the reason why they wanted to hold the belief that the empire continues unwavering. The form of this work (graphics), also allowed to export them around the world, and the ambiguity of the symbolic system, its contents relate to different contexts, and as a result, the Habsburgs, not only Spanish, they could promote their strength everywhere. Therefore it was used very well as a single work of propaganda, as well as a part of a broader campaign

Examining the Kinships System of the Bodo

Think India ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-192
Author(s):  
Dr. Oinam Ranjit Singh ◽  
Dr. Nushar Bargayary
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Social Relationship ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
The North ◽  
Kinship System ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship

The Bodo of the North Eastern region of India have their own kinship system to maintain social relationship since ancient periods. Kinship is the expression of social relationship. Kinship may be defined as connection or relationships between persons based on marriage or blood. In each and every society of the world, social relationship is considered to be the more important than the biological bond. The relationship is not socially recognized, it fall outside the realm of kinship. Since kinship is considered as universal, it plays a vital role in the socialization of individuals and the maintenance of social cohesion of the group. Thus, kinship is considered to be the study of the sum total of these relations. The kinship of the Bodo is bilateral. The kin related through the father is known as Bahagi in Bodo whereas the kin to the mother is called Kurma. The nature of social relationships, the kinship terms, kinship behaviours and prescriptive and proscriptive rules are the important themes of the present study.

Westward Palaearctic range expansion of Papilio demoleus Linnaeus, 1758 (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) and its arrival at Mediterranean coastal regions of Turkey and Syria

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-272
Author(s):  
Onat Başbay ◽  
Mudar Salimeh ◽  
Eddie John
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Invasive Pest ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Coastal Regions ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The World ◽  
Invasive Pest Species ◽  
Papilio Demoleus

We review the continuing and extensive spread of Papilio demoleus in south-eastern Turkey and in regions of Turkey and Syria adjacent to the north-eastern Mediterranean. Since the authors documented the arrival of this attractive but potentially destructive papilionid species at coastal areas of Syria in 2019, regular monitoring has confirmed successful overwintering there, as well as in Turkey. As previously indicated, P. demoleus is widely recognized as an invasive pest species in Citrus-growing areas of the world and hence its arrival is of potential economic importance to a region in which citrus is widely grown.

Her Majesty Queen Rania Al Abdullah

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adib Rifqi Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Education System ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
American University ◽  
The North ◽  
The World ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
High Level ◽  
Education And Development

“The real treasure is in the minds of our children, and all we have to do is extract it.” Her Majesty Queen Rania Al Abdullah writes in website Queen Rania Foundation For Education And Development www.qrf.org/en. Rania Al Yassin was born on August 31, 1970. She obtained her Bachelor’s degree in Business Administration from the American University of Cairo in 1991. She applied this, first, to a banking career in Jordan and, later, to the information technology sector. After marrying Prince Abdullah bin Al Hussein on June 10, 1993, they went on to have four children: Prince Hussein, Princess Iman, Princess Salma, and Prince Hashem. In addition to being a wife and mother, Queen Rania works hard to lift the lives of Jordanians by supporting their endeavours and helping to create new opportunities for them. Locally, she is committed to breathe new life into the public education system; empower communities and women especially through microfinance initiatives; protect children and families; and drive innovation, technology and entrepreneurship, especially amongst young people. Internationally, Queen Rania is an advocate for tolerance, compassion and bridge building between people of all cultures and backgrounds. Her efforts to simultaneously challenge stereotypes of Arabs and Muslims, and promote greater understanding and acceptance between people of all faiths and cultures, have won her global recognition. Her Majesty’s passion is education. She believes that every Jordanian girl and boy, and all children, should have access not only to stimulating classrooms and modern curricula, but inspiring teachers and technology that can connect Jordan’s children to the world and the world to Jordan’s children. Her efforts in the education sector complement the work of the Ministry of Education through initiatives such as the Jordan Education Initiative, the Queen Rania Teachers Academy, Madrasati, Edraak and others. To realize these and so much more, Queen Rania has encouraged private sector partners to drive improvements and strengthen the foundations of Jordan’s education system. Queen Rania is also a global voice for access to quality education for children around the world. In 2009, Her Majesty championed the 1 Goal campaign for education; she is Honorary Chair of the UN Girl’s Education Initiatives and has advocated access to education in forums and gatherings around the world. Her work and her efforts to improve the learning opportunities for children have been recognized at the highest levels, nationally, regionally and internationally. Additionally, through her position on their boards, Her Majesty contributes to the work of the United Nations Fund and the World Economic Forum. She is the Eminent Advocate for UNICEF; and she was part of the UN appointed High Level Panel who advised on the shape and content of the Sustainable Development Goals which aim to improve the lives of millions of people before 2030. In recognition of her work, Her Majesty has humbly accepted many awards, locally, regionally and globally. These include the Walther Rathenau Award from the Walther RathenauInstitut in Germany for her efforts to greater peace and understanding; the James C. Morgan Global Humanitarian Award from Tech Awards, USA; the Arab Knight of Giving Award from Arab Giving Forum, UAE; the North South Prize by the North South Prize, Portugal; as well as the YouTube Visionary Award. Her Majesty authored several books primarily for children including the Sandwich Swap, which was inspired by her own childhood experiences.

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