Introduction

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Ana Aliverti
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Ethnography ◽  
State Power ◽  
Global South ◽  
The State ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Complex World ◽  
Institutional Practices ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Conventional Models

The Introduction presents the main arguments advanced in the book, details the methodology used, and describes the structure followed. As an institutional ethnography of inland migration policing, the book examines the growing emphasis on borders in policing, and describes the range of challenges, dilemmas, and contradictions that the task of maintaining order and exercising state power in an interconnected and polarized world animate. State power, as wielded by the officers I observed, defies the Weberian rational paradigm of bureaucracy and unsettles conventional models, built on rigid rules and constrained discretion, since to a large extent it relies on non-rational, magic-like elements to solve policing problems in an increasingly complex world. The random, confusing, and informal nature of power in this domain also pervades questions of access and negotiations to research its institutions, and ultimately shaped the fate of this study. In attending to and making sense of these border paradoxes, I rely on an eclectic theoretical scaffold drawing from a wide range of sociological and anthropological accounts of the police and the state in diverse settings, including the bourgeoning policing literature on postcolonial societies in the global South, and place emphasis on the global and historical continuities and connections in the police’s institutional practices and cultural norms.

scholarly journals The Concept of Freedom in liberalism’s Thought, for Instance: Friedrich .A. Von Hayek's Vision

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-309
Author(s):  
Jabar Ismael Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
State Power ◽  
Economic Justice ◽  
Living System ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Negative Freedom ◽  
Positive Freedom ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Differences Of Opinion

Liberalism thus views the concept of freedom as a fundamental element of its intellectual foundation and without access to and defense of freedom, there is no meaning for the existence and survival of liberals. Due to the wide range of views of liberalism and the differences of opinion of liberal thinkers and different trends, attitudes and views on different freedoms, for example some of the thinkers believe in the interference of the state power in personal freedoms with the goal of creating social justice and economic justice and so on..., such as the thinkers of the Social liberal trend in the thought of liberalism, But some other thinkers believe in the protection of individual freedoms from interfering of the power of the state, and reject any form of interference in freedom, such as thinkers of the Libertarians trend in the thought of liberalism, including (Friedrich A. von Hayek). These two views of liberalism are expressed in terms of freedom, as: positive freedom (when the state intervenes in freedoms), and negative freedom (that freedom is protected from the interference of state power).  (Hayek) rejects positive freedom and believes that any interference in the freedom, economy, and property of individuals, commodities, and markets, leads to the deterioration of the security and stability of individuals on one hand, and the creation of an oppressive, tyrannical and dictatorial power or regime on the other hand. This condition becomes the cause and means of the departure of individuals and the coexistence of the living system to slavery.

Anthropological Perspectives on the Limits of the State

2018 ◽  
pp. 67-88
Author(s):  
Andrew Brandel ◽  
Shalini Randeria
Keyword(s):  
Political Power ◽  
State Capacity ◽  
State Power ◽  
Global South ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Everyday Experience ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The World ◽  
Social Scientific

This chapter examines how anthropological work on the state and political power not only complements, but also contests the political scientific conception of limited statehood. The two disciplines are no longer distinguished by the methods they employ, or their analytical dispositions, or the regions of the world where they conduct research. Here it is suggested instead that anthropology continues to be defined by its commitment to challenging universalizing social scientific assumptions on the basis of ethnography that theorizes from everyday experience. Drawing on examples both from the global South and North, we delineate how anthropology nuances various conceptions of limits of state power, particularly those that structure the binaries of West and non-West, public and private, state and non-state, formal and informal, national and trans- or supranational, on which much of the discussion of state capacity, or its partial absence, is predicated.

scholarly journals Functional Self-Limitation of State Authority

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (65) ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
Boris V. Makogon ◽  
Aleksej M. Gogolev ◽  
Andrey B. Novikov ◽  
Andrey P. Peterburgskiy ◽  
Irina B. Khakonova
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
State Power ◽  
The State ◽  
Legal Doctrine ◽  
Documentary Sources ◽  
System A ◽  
Current State ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Concrete Reality

Based on the analytical and synthesis study of a wide range of published documentary sources, the article presents the authors' approach to the issue of self-restriction of state power. General theoretical aspects, historical and oriented to the current state of the problem were considered in order to analyze the self-limitation of the authority of the State in theory and in concrete reality. Methodologically, it is a study that uses in equal conditions the qualitative analysis of the systems and processes that emerge from the exercise of the authority of the State, with the hermeneutic reading of the legal doctrine that accounts for the matter. It is concluded that, in the considered context of the Russian Federation, the problem of the constant and continuous improvement of the system of separation of state power often seems to manifest itself satisfactorily. Theoretically, at first sight, once regulated, the corresponding system a priori acquires a constant and stable character, however, there is still a long way to go to achieve the foundation of a sustained dynamic of self-limitation and self-regulation of state power in in line with the principles of the rule of law.

scholarly journals Living on Edge: New Perspectives on Anxiety, Refuge and Colonialism in Southern Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 533-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel King
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Historical Archaeology ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
State Power ◽  
The State ◽  
Sense Making ◽  
African Archaeology ◽  
Social Distress ◽  
Making Sense

Archaeologies of colonialism have have called for exploring the culturally dynamic entanglements of people and objects while acknowledging the violence that accompanied these entanglements. Heeding these calls requires attention to how the state and state power were materialized, particularly in settler colonies where state apparatuses advanced unevenly, insidiously and clumsily. Here, I explore how the (mis)understandings and (mis)apprehensions of people and places that accompanied the halting expansion of colonial frontiers were materialized. Focusing on southern Africa's Highveld and Maloti-Drakensberg Mountains, I offer anxiety as a framework for conceiving of colonialisms as epistemic encounters: processes of ‘making sense’ of new people, things and places based on material practices, empirical experience and desire. Through a narrative of the nineteenth-century Maloti-Drakensberg told with archival, archaeological and ethnographic materials, I revisit a longstanding trope of southern African archaeology and historiography: refugia from social distress. I argue that refuge can be taken as a sense-making practice rather than as reaction to stress. I close with thoughts on what an anxiety framework can offer the still-developing field of African historical archaeology.

KEY ASPECTS OF TRANSFORMATION OF THE STATE AUTHORITIES IN THE WORLD AND TO THE MODERN SOVERUM UKRAINE: A JOINT AND PERSONALITY

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (11) ◽  
pp. 164-174
Author(s):  
Оlena Fedorіvna Caracasidi
Keyword(s):  
Separation Of Powers ◽  
Human Life ◽  
State Power ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Power ◽  
The People ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
The World ◽  
Distribution Of Power ◽  
Key Aspects

The article deals with the fundamental, inherent in most of the countries of the world transformation of state power, its formation, functioning and division between the main branches as a result of the decentralization of such power, its subsidiarity. Attention is drawn to the specifics of state power, its func- tional features in the conditions of sovereignty of the states, their interconnec- tion. It is emphasized that the nature of the state power is connected with the nature of the political system of the state, with the form of government and many other aspects of a fundamental nature.It is analyzed that in the middle of national states the questions of legitima- cy, sovereignty of transparency of state power, its formation are acutely raised. Concerning the practical functioning of state power, a deeper study now needs a problem of separation of powers and the distribution of power. The use of this principle, which ensures the real subsidiarity of the authorities, the formation of more effective, responsible democratic relations between state power and civil society, is the first priority of the transformation of state power in the conditions of modern transformations of countries and societies. It is substantiated that the research of these problems will open up much wider opportunities for the provi- sion of state power not as a center authority, but also as a leading political structure but as a power of the people and the community. In the context of global democratization processes, such processes are crucial for a more humanistic and civilized arrangement of human life. It is noted that local self-government, as a specific form of public power, is also characterized by an expressive feature of a special subject of power (territorial community) as a set of large numbers of people; joint communal property; tax system, etc.

RESEARCH ON INVESTMENT AND INNOVATION ACTIVITY IN UKRAINE: TRENDS AND PROBLEMS

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 5-73
Author(s):  
Anatoliy Ivanovich Bogdanenko
Keyword(s):  
State Policy ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Legal Principles ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Intellectual Potential ◽  
Innovation Processes

In the monograph the theoretical identification of concepts and categorical series of state regulation of investment-innovation processes are investigated; the directions of optimization of the state policy of innovation and investment development management in Ukraine are determined; the organizational and legal principles of the state regulation of development of intellectual potential of the population are substantiated; the areas of development and improvement of the national innovation system as an object of state policy are highlighted and assessed. The monograph will be interesting for scholars, lecturers, doctoral and graduate students, and will also be useful to practical politicians, journalists and media workers and a wide range of readers interested in investment and innovation activities.

THE VALUE OF LOVE IN THE SYSTEM OF FORMATION OF THE PROFESSIONAL MATURITY OF THE EDUCATOR

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (10(79)) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
G. Bubyreva
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right

The existing legislation determines the education as "an integral and focused process of teaching and upbringing, which represents a socially important value and shall be implemented so as to meet the interests of the individual, the family, the society and the state". However, even in this part, the meaning of the notion ‘socially significant benefit is not specified and allows for a wide range of interpretation [2]. Yet the more inconcrete is the answer to the question – "who and how should determine the interests of the individual, the family and even the state?" The national doctrine of education in the Russian Federation, which determined the goals of teaching and upbringing, the ways to attain them by means of the state policy regulating the field of education, the target achievements of the development of the educational system for the period up to 2025, approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of October 4, 2000 #751, was abrogated by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of March 29, 2014 #245 [7]. The new doctrine has not been developed so far. The RAE Academician A.B. Khutorsky believes that the absence of the national doctrine of education presents a threat to national security and a violation of the right of citizens to quality education. Accordingly, the teacher has to solve the problem of achieving the harmony of interests of the individual, the family, the society and the government on their own, which, however, judging by the officially published results, is the task that exceeds the abilities of the participants of the educational process.  The particular concern about the results of the patriotic upbringing served as a basis for the legislative initiative of the RF President V. V. Putin, who introduced the project of an amendment to the Law of RF "About Education of the Russian Federation" to the State Duma in 2020, regarding the quality of patriotic upbringing [3]. Patriotism, considered by the President of RF V. V. Putin as the only possible idea to unite the nation is "THE FEELING OF LOVE OF THE MOTHERLAND" and the readiness for every sacrifice and heroic deed for the sake of the interests of your Motherland. However, the practicing educators experience shortfalls in efficient methodologies of patriotic upbringing, which should let them bring up citizens, loving their Motherland more than themselves. The article is dedicated to solution to this problem based on the Value-sense paradigm of upbringing educational dynasty of the Kurbatovs [15].

Safety assessment of biological raw materials in the system of medicines quality assurance

2020 ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
Yu. Olefir ◽  
E. Sakanyan ◽  
I. Osipova ◽  
V. Dobrynin ◽  
M. Smirnova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
State Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Spongiform Encephalopathy ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
First Time ◽  
Medicines Quality

The entry of a wide range of biotechnological products into the pharmaceutical market calls for rein-forcement of the quality, efficacy and safety standards at the state level. The following general monographs have been elaborated for the first time to be included into the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation, XIV edition: "Viral safety" and "Reduction of the risk of transmitting animal spongiform encephalopathy via medicinal products". These general monographs were elaborated taking into account the requirements of foreign pharmacopoeias and the WHO recommendations. The present paper summarises the key aspects of the monographs.

Interaction of the State and Business on Indicators of Values and Innovations of Public Health

2019 ◽  
pp. 27-37
Author(s):  
V.A. Morozov
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
State Power ◽  
The State ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Business Structures

The article analyzes the state of public health on the example of domestic and foreign statistics, as well as prospects for its development and improvement. The state of relations and forms of interaction of budgetary medical institutions (state, municipal) with private clinics, as well as directly private clinics with the structures of municipal and state power are considered. The directions and ways of interaction of power and business structures for improvement of methods and forms of service of patients on the basis of indicators of values and innovations are offered.

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