Disability, Exclusions, and Resistance

2018 ◽  
pp. 243-262
Author(s):  
Anita Ghai
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Social Presence ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Social Construct ◽  
Hegemonic Discourse ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
Normative Ideals

The study of disability has been a major preoccupation of the last three decades of my life. I will make an attempt here to present disability as an epistemic category, which interrogates normalization, stigma, subjugated subjectivity, difference, deficit, and the disabled body. Disability, like questions of race, gender, caste, and class, is one of the most provocative topics among scholars who have an interest in marginality. Very few people accept the fact that disability is as much a social construct as other categories such as gender. In short, disability is conceived as a naturalized category. Society thus exhibits a structural amnesia about a particular category of people, who, because they do not fit into the hegemonic discourse of ‘normality’, are excluded, separated, and socially disempowered. This social and cultural apartheid is sustained by the existence of a built environment, which lacks amenities for the disabled and solely caters to the needs of the more complete and able-bodied ‘Other’. This social disregard coupled with experiences of social, economic, and political subjugation deny the disabled a voice, a space, and even power, to disrupt these deeply entrenched normative ideals that deprive them their social presence and any semblance of identity.

Home and Identity in Nineteenth-Century Literary London

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa C. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Domestic Space ◽  
Domestic Architecture ◽  
Literary Representations ◽  
Collective Identities ◽  
Domestic Practice ◽  
Domestic Design ◽  
Discursive Patterns

This book uncovers a range of new models for modern living that emerged in response to social, economic and political changes in nineteenth-century London, and investigates the literature that gave expression to their novelty. It brings together visual and literary representations to identify a series of new designs for domestic space that change the way people lived together in the metropolis, including model dwellings, women’s residences, settlement housing and the garden city suburb. It focuses on the ways that language shapes the built environment and domestic architecture in particular, but also attends to the ways that domestic practice shapes discursive patterns and literary representation. It argues that these new designs for urban living responded to shifting perspectives about gender, class and sexuality; but equally, it demonstrates that these innovations in domestic design forged opportunities for refashioning both individual and collective identities. Home and Identity in Nineteenth-Century Literary London offers readers a new blueprint for understanding the ways in which literature imaginatively and materially produce the city’s built environment. In so doing, it also indicates what resources the nineteenth-century city — and the literature that responded to it — can offer for thinking through the most urgent problems of today’s urban environment environments.

scholarly journals Traversing Disability Stigma: Re-presenting 'Disability' as a form of 'Identity' in Victor Hugo's the Hunchback of Notre- Dame

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 3590-3592
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Victor Hugo ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Social Construct ◽  
The People ◽  
Disability Stigma ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Negative Connotation

“Disability is a matter of perception. If you can do one thing well, you are needed by someone” – Martina Navratilova. Though Disability Studies focused on the distinction between „impairment‟ and „disability‟ defining Disability as a social construct, we still perceive Disability as something abnormal, drifting from the normality, an impairment to human mind or body. This paper reflects on how Quasimodo, attains an Identity in the society with his disability of hunchback and deafness in Victor Hugo‟s The Hunchback of Notre - Dame. He was crowned as the “Pope of Fools” for being the ugliest person in Paris. Though the identity he gained had a negative connotation, it was his disability that made him known among the people. The deflection from normality – his hunchback made people recognize him. This paper reveals how a disabled person is perceived by the society and the struggles he faces for his survival living among the people who are ready to use him and exploit him for their personal gains and finally leaving him in the crisis with a preoccupied notion that the disabled deserve only such kind of treatment. The character Quasimodo is a living example that a disabled person also possesses the same feelings like love, care, happiness, lust etc. just like a normal human being do and how these feelings are restricted for him. This paper also evaluates the Disability Stigma working on the character Quasimodo making him stereotyped, discriminated, blamed, internalized and made victim of physical, mental and sexual violence

Environmental Conditions of the Work Organization for the Disabled People

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 70-70
Author(s):  
Ewa Górska
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Work Organization ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
The Individual ◽  
A Company

A disabled person in a company is affected by a number of various environmental conditions. Among these the most important are such as organizational, technical, social, economic and, finally, legal working conditions. The standard and quality of the just mentioned conditions determine significantly the way in which a disabled person performs the assigned tasks and duties in the company and it also helps to create the individual sense of self-fulfillment and work satisfaction. What is more, at the same time the level of environmental conditions influences directly work efficiency and profits of the company. It must be clearly stated that working conditions do not appear immediately and spontaneously - they need careful planning and modern organization. This research paper presents the environmental conditions and discusses a model design of the work organization for the disabled people.

Social, Economic, and Political Processes That Create Built Environment Inequities

2010 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanique Redwood ◽  
Amy J. Schulz ◽  
Barbara A. Israel ◽  
Mieko Yoshihama ◽  
Caroline C. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Political Processes

scholarly journals Dampak Sosial-Ekonomi Koperasi Difabel dan Perwujudan Microfinance Access

INKLUSI ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
Ririn Nopiah ◽  
Puji Amalia Islami
Keyword(s):  
Financial Services ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Financial Institution ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
T Test ◽  
Savings And Loans ◽  
Self Reliance ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
Paired T Test

Microfinance is a financial institution that can be reached by various groups of people, such as disabled groups. Microfinance programs provide access to financial services to people with disabilities in the form of savings and credit. People with disabilities need financial services to improve their economic and social levels. However, in general, existing microfinance has not fully reached the disabled groups. This study aims to describe the implementation of activities and the role of the Self-Reliance Savings and Loans Cooperative (KSP BANK) for the disabled in Yogyakarta. The analysis used in the study is the analysis of Paired T-test with SPSS 16.0 analysis tools. This study shows that the level of social-economic of mermbers with disability has a positive and significant increase after the operation of KSP BANK Difabel for the members with disabilities.[Keuangan mikro merupakan lembaga keuangan yang dapat dijangkau oleh berbagai kelompok masyarakat, seperti kelompok difabel. Program keuangan mikro memberikan akses jasa keuangan kepada difabel baik dalam bentuk tabungan maupun kredit. Layanan jasa keuangan sangat dibutuhkan difabel dalam meningkatkan taraf ekonomi-sosial mereka. Akan tetapi, pada umumnya keuangan mikro yang ada belum menjangkau secara penuh kelompok difabel. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pelaksanaan kegiatan dan peran Koperasi Simpan Pinjam (KSP) Bangun Akses Kemandirian (BANK) Difabel Yogyakarta. Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah analisis uji Paired T-test dengan alat analisis SPSS 16.0. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Taraf ekonomi-sosial difabel mengalami peningkatan positif dan signifikan setelah adanya koperasi difabel bagi anggota KSP BANK Difabel tersebut.]

scholarly journals Sustainable Park Landscaping as an Approach for the Development of the Built Environment: Review and Employment

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Abdallah Haredy
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Clean Environment ◽  
Effective Operation ◽  
Park Design ◽  
Moderate Climate

Implementing sustainable principles when landscaping parks is vital for the development of the built environment, and should take into account environmental, social, economic, and cultural aspects, in order to eliminate conflict between developmental requirements, and the need to preserve cultural and natural resources. This paper reviews the guidelines that should be considered for current and future sustainable parks in regions with a moderate climate, in order to ensure that they incorporate ecotourism, cost effective operation and maintenance, a clean environment, the promotion of renewable energy, and resource preservation. A number of parks, located in moderate climate zones, are studied in terms of aspects such as their location, topography, operation, and landscaping characteristics, to demonstrate the prevailing normative values that can be applied to sustainable park design. Prince Meshari Park, in Al-Baha city, Saudi Arabia, is employed as a case study for applying all of the guidelines proposed in this investigation, and to highlight some of their merits and limitations in terms of the current situation of the park.

scholarly journals Life Cycle Prediction and Maintenance of Buildings

Buildings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 112
Author(s):  
Jorge de Brito ◽  
Ana Silva
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Maintenance Planning ◽  
Ecological Aspects

The sustainability of the built environment can only be achieved through the maintenance planning of built facilities during their life cycle, considering social, economic, functional, technical, and ecological aspects [...]

scholarly journals Perfecting Bodies: Who Are the Disabled in Andrew Niccol’s Gattaca?

Philosophies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Chia Wei Fahn
Keyword(s):  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Human Embryos ◽  
Social Outcome ◽  
Chinese Scientist ◽  
Social Construct ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
Genetic Technologies ◽  
Social Treatment ◽  
The Impact

This paper will examine the impact of genetic technologies on the corporeal and economical aspects of human lives while emphasizing the ambiguity of disability under these subversive circumstances. In 2013, the world was introduced to CRISPR genetic editing technology, followed by the controversial announcement in 2018 from Chinese scientist He Jiankui, who claims to have genetically engineered twins that were born HIV-immune. The possible social outcome of genetic treatment leading to the alteration of human embryos to create physically and intellectually superior offspring, as well as its impact on the social treatment of disabled bodies, is clearly illustrated in Andrew Niccol’s directive debut Gattaca. Here, I will discuss Niccol’s utilization of disabled characters in interrogating the employment of disabled characters as a narrative vehicle to reflect upon social paradigms. I examine both the subversion and expansion of the social construct of disability in Gattaca’s narrative, emphasizing the film’s portrayal of economic differences as a disabling factor in a world of augmentative technology.

scholarly journals Understanding Green Street Design: Evidence from Three Cases in the U.S.

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1916
Author(s):  
Alvaro Rodriguez-Valencia ◽  
Hernan A. Ortiz-Ramirez
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Federal Policies ◽  
Street Design ◽  
The Us ◽  
Green Areas

World cities need more green areas to promote social, economic, and environmental well-being; the problem, however, is that the space available for green infrastructure (GI) within the built environment is limited. Finding empty, free, or underutilized spaces within the built environment to be repurposed for GI has been a challenge. Streets are public, numerous, and evenly distributed, being a desirable place to fulfill this requirement. However, they are also heavily regulated public spaces, where design is standardized, and ruled by codes and manuals. Some cities in the US have implemented an increasing number of green streets (green infrastructures within the rights-of-way with environmental purposes), because of green stormwater management federal policies. This paper aims to understand the green street design procedure, based on empirical evidence. Three cities were studied (Portland, Seattle, and Philadelphia) by means of documentary information, visual inspections, and interviews. It is of special interest to unveil how traditional street design has been modified to adopt these new green elements within rights-of-way (ROW). Results show a longer and more complex street design process for green streets, where many more disciplines intervene. These results are discussed in the light of recent movements and trends in street design.

scholarly journals Street system as determinant of urban and social structure of central areas of Novi Sad and Sombor

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-130
Author(s):  
Darko Reba
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
The One ◽  
Novi Sad ◽  
The City

Paper Street system as determinant of urban and social structure of central areas of Novi Sad and Sombor is dedicated to study of complex relations of urban planning and architecture, relation which is key for every building of the city. In the first part is dealing with theoretical understanding of street systems and their relationships with all important elements of urban morphology. Elements of urban morphology is analysed thought interaction with street systems, because is it part of the built environment which include social, economic, traffic, demographic, political and technological components of contemporary settlements, and forming the spaces especially for public functions, in the first socialisation and traffic. Theoretical basis from the first part of the work are used for establishment of criteria for analysis of urban spaces of central areas of two Vojvodinas towns. Fragments of the one square kilometre are analysed with following criteria: configuration of the land and influence on the street system, morphology of street system, socialisation places, elements of identity, presence of vegetation and water. Direction of analysis and studious critical valorisation is to the open - unbuilt - public - social urban spaces.

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