Work and Workers in International Markets

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
John S. Ahlquist
Keyword(s):  
International Political Economy ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Labor Standards ◽  
Economic Determinants ◽  
Policy Relevance ◽  
Political Orientations ◽  
Supply Chain Governance ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Globalized World

Four “problems” drive the International Political Economy (IPE) literature on work and workers in a globalized world: the economic determinants of workers’ political orientations; the role and future of labor unions; the regulation and governance of international supply chains; and migration. There remain walled gardens in the IPE literature on labor that inhibit productive exchange but the literature on supply chain governance and labor standards stands out for its policy relevance and active collaboration among scholars from different IPE traditions. The chapter concludes with reflections on how the implicit definition of “problems,” as opposed to explicit normative claims might not be “first best.”

The Corporation in a Globalized World

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronen Palan
Keyword(s):  
Great Recession ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
International Political Economy ◽  
Power Relationships ◽  
Business World ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
Relational Power ◽  
Globalized Economy ◽  
The One ◽  
Globalized World

The chapter addresses the nature of the power relationships between the business world and the state as seen from the perspective of a relatively new field of study called international political economy. Theories of corporate power in a globalized economy evolved along two parallel lines. On the one hand, the globalization literature of the 1990s has tended to assume there was a marked shift of power from states to markets. Recent literature questions these assumptions, not least in light of the experience of the great recession of 2007–2008. In parallel, conceptualization of power has evolved from relatively simplistic theories of relational power to theories of structural power and, increasingly, arbitrage power. Arbitrage power is the ability to arbitrate legal systems against each other, or against themselves, for pecuniary purposes.

Ciguapas in New York: Transcultural Ethnicity and Transracialization in Dominican American Performance

2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
EMILIA MARÍA DURÁN-ALMARZA
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
The Usa ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Dominican Women ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Dominican American

The Dominican American community in New York is perhaps one of the best examples of how processes of transculturation are affecting traditional definitions of ethnic identification. Given the intense economic, social and cultural transnational exchanges between the island and the USA from the 1960s, Dominicanyorks have been challenging the illusion of homogeneity in the definition of Americanness for decades, creating transnational social networks that transcend traditional national and ethnographic boundaries. The theatrical works of Josefina Báez, a Dominican American performer living in New York, and Sherezada (Chiqui) Vicioso, a Dominican poet and playwright who lived and worked in the US metropolis for decades before moving back to the Dominican Republic, lyrically explore issues of diaspora, identity and migration and the impact these phenomena might have in the lives of migrant Dominican women. Presenting diasporic experiences from two differing but interconnected locales – New York and the Dominican Republic – these plays offer two complementary views on the ways in which ethnicity, race, social class, age and geopolitical location interact in the formation of transcultural identities, thus contributing to develop a hemispheric approach to the study of identity formation in the Americas.

scholarly journals Transitioning towards Organic Farming: Perspectives for the Future of the Italian Organic Wine Sector

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2815
Author(s):  
Francesca Varia ◽  
Dario Macaluso ◽  
Ida Agosta ◽  
Francesco Spatafora ◽  
Giovanni Dara Guccione
Keyword(s):  
International Markets ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Economic Determinants ◽  
The Future ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Dynamic Perspective ◽  
National Certification ◽  
Wine Sector ◽  
Organic Wine

In recent years, after the publication of Regulation (EU) 2018/848 on organic production and the labelling of organic products, all stakeholders have been considering threats and opportunities in the development of the organic food and beverage sector. The aim of the study outlined in this paper was to analyse the development prospects of the Italian organic wine sector in light of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) environmental and climate objectives. Specifically, the study focussed on applying a System Dynamics Approach (SDA) and a Network Analysis in order to explain how the most relevant social–economic determinants of the national organic wine sector are in all likelihood influencing the hoped-for shift from conventional to organic production. Such conversion appeared to be worth exploring because, despite the increasing global demand for organic wine, the economic effects on the entire system are still somewhat unclear from a dynamic perspective. The results of the study clearly demonstrated that public policies and regulatory actions at the national and European level will continue to be very influential for the future of the national organic wine system. Different development pathways, such as groups of operators and the adoption of the new national certification system for the sustainability of the entire wine supply chain, should be undertaken by Italian “small wine operators” in order to gain international markets.

scholarly journals Stent Frame Movement Following Endovascular Aneurysm Sealing in the Abdominal Aorta

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asma Yafawi ◽  
Richard G. McWilliams ◽  
Robert K. Fisher ◽  
Andrew England ◽  
Maria Karouki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Aorta ◽  
Endovascular Aneurysm Repair ◽  
Downward Movement ◽  
Landing Zone ◽  
Aneurysm Growth ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Instructions For Use

Purpose: To investigate the incidence and extent of stent frame movement after endovascular aneurysm sealing (EVAS) in the abdominal aorta and its relationships to aneurysm growth and the instructions for use (IFU) of the Nellix endograft. Methods: A retrospective single-center study was conducted to review the clinical data and computed tomography (CT) images of 75 patients (mean age 76±7.6 years; 57 men) who underwent infrarenal EVAS and had a minimum 1-year follow-up. The first postoperative CT scan at 1 month and the subsequent scans were used to measure the distances between the proximal end of the stent frames and a reference visceral vessel using a previously validated technique. Device migration was based on the Society of Vascular Surgery definition of >10-mm downward movement of either Nellix stent frame in the proximal landing zone; a more conservative proximal displacement measure (downward movement ⩾4 mm) was also recorded. Patients were categorized according to adherence to the old (2013) or new (2016) Nellix IFU. Aneurysm diameter was measured for each scan; a change ⩾5 mm was deemed indicative of aneurysm growth. Results: Over a median follow-up of 24 months (range 12–48), proximal displacement ⩾4 mm occurred in 42 (56%) patients and migration >10 mm in 16 (21%), with similar incidences in the right and left stent frames. Proximal displacement was significantly more frequent among patients whose anatomy did not conform to any IFU (p=0.025). Presence of aneurysm growth ⩾5 mm was observed in 14 (19%) patients and was significantly associated with proximal displacement ⩾4 mm (p=0.03). Conclusion: Infrarenal EVAS may be complicated by proximal displacement and migration, particularly when performed outside the IFU. The definition of migration used for endovascular aneurysm repair may be inappropriate for EVAS; a new consensus on definition and measurement technique is necessary.

scholarly journals Socio-economic Determinants of Adolescent Health in Russia

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 70-113
Author(s):  
P. Gazizullina
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Health ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Economic Determinants ◽  
Promotion Policy ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Public Health Promotion ◽  
First Time ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Methods

The article presents the results of a comprehensive study of the socio-economic determinants of the health of Russian adolescents, performed using quantitative and qualitative methods. The quantitative analysis was carried out on the basis of the data of the Russian Monitoring of the Economic Situation and Health conducted by the Higher School of Economics for 2010-2016 (19th- 25th waves) using the logistic regression apparatus. Qualitative data are obtained by conducting 39 semi-structured interviews with adolescents aged 14-17 living in the Republic of Udmurtia and the Moscow Region in two stages: in 2010 and 2013. Within the framework of the study, the complex of socio-cultural determinants of health is separately singled out for the first time and its significance is shown for the health of Russian teenagers. The definition of the most significant socio-economic determinants of adolescent health enabled developing a series of recommendations in the area of public health promotion policy.

Globalization of capital, erosion of economic policy sovereignty, and the lessons from John Maynard Keynes

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 512-520
Author(s):  
Biagio Bossone
Keyword(s):  
Financial Markets ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Macroeconomic Policies ◽  
John Maynard Keynes ◽  
Policy Modeling ◽  
Global Context ◽  
Key Policy ◽  
Global Investors ◽  
National Governments ◽  
Globalized World

This article observes that current macroeconomic policy modeling, centered on domestic agents or agencies, fails to recognize the role that global investors play in determining the space for effective domestic macroeconomic policies, and argues that these actors must be brought to the center of macro analysis if one wants to understand how policies work in the global financial context. The article describes the key features of global investors, discusses their power to determine the prices at which public-sector liabilities (money and debt) trade in the international markets, and considers how this power affects the effectiveness of macroeconomic policies by national governments. As a result, no government is truly sovereign in a globalized world, and every government is subject to an intertemporal budget constraint (IBC), although, of course, not all governments are born equal and not all IBCs are equally binding: government IBCs are elastic, endogenous to global investor decisions, and yet ineluctable. The article concludes that choosing the correct country policy stance in today's financial global context would benefit from revisiting some of the key policy lessons that John Maynard Keynes left with us, considering his deep knowledge of global financial markets and how they affect country economies.

Translanguaging and Digital Technologies in the Realm of Language Learning

2021 ◽  
pp. 137-148
Author(s):  
Anastasia Olga Tzirides
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Educational Practice ◽  
Digital Tools ◽  
Primary Language ◽  
Pedagogical Approach ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Globalized World ◽  
The Way

In the globalized world that we live in, people communicate by using not only their primary language, but all the languages they know complemented by the use of multimodal elements, like images, videos, emoticons, memes, and more. This idea of using the whole linguistic and semiotic repertoire for communication is called translanguaging. This chapter focuses on the notion of translanguaging and explores its implementation in relation to digital tools. It offers an evolution of the definition of translanguaging, and it continues by analyzing it as a theoretical and pedagogical approach. It also explores, based on the literature, the way that translanguaging can be practically implemented in educational practice and in combination with digital technologies. This chapter provides cases and examples of digital translanguaging, and it concludes by determining the gaps in the literature and the potential future steps in this area.

26. International Refugee and Migration Law

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoff Gilbert ◽  
Anna Magdalena Rüsch
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
International Human Rights Law ◽  
Refugee Status ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Durable Solutions ◽  
Local Integration ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
International Border

This chapter explores the definition of refugee status in international law, its scope and limitations and consequent protection gaps for those forcibly displaced, including internally displaced persons (IDPs), who have crossed no international border. There is no equivalent definition for migrants, but like refugees, asylum-seekers, and IDPs, international human rights law provides a framework for their protection. The chapter explains the difference between refugee status and asylum, focusing on non-refoulement in international law. It discusses the rights that are guaranteed during displacement, particularly those pertaining to detention and humanitarian relief. Given that refugee status is intended to be temporary, the final section looks at cessation and durable solutions, either following voluntary return, through local integration, or resettlement in some third State.

scholarly journals The Agricultural Marketing Agenda for the Eighties

1982 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-82
Author(s):  
Ronald W. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Economic Performance ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Marketing Research ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Problem Area ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Agricultural Marketing ◽  
Definition Of

The agenda for marketing research in the 1980s, to a great extent, has already been set by the events of the 1970s. Agriculture is in a period of transition in which commodity surpluses are expected to be less of a problem area. International markets are expanding, and the delivery systems have become complex in both structure and in the functions performed. The dynamics of the marketplace obviously influence the research agenda.Before looking at the changing research needs for agricultural marketing, a definition of the concept is needed. For the context of this paper, marketing research is defined to be the process of assimilation and creation of information on the economic performance of potential and existing arrangements that facilitate the assembling, distribution, and consumption of foods, fibers, and ornamentals.

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