History of Neuropsychology in Asia

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatia M.C. Lee ◽  
Wang Kai ◽  
Simon L. Collinson
Keyword(s):  
Information Exchange ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Clinical Neuropsychology ◽  
The West ◽  
Multiple Processes ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Rich ◽  
External Forces ◽  
Brain Behavior

Clinical neuropsychology in Asia has emerged from the interactions of multiple processes, including the development of psychology and its subdisciplines worldwide, the entering of psychology into Asia and ongoing intellectual influences from outside of Asia, indigenous responses to those external forces, and homegrown initiatives in studying brain-behavior relationships prior to and since the beginnings of modern neuropsychology. This chapter reviews the history of neuropsychology in China, Hong Kong, Singapore, and other Asian regions. With globalization and increasing ease of information exchange, neuropsychological practice in Asia will continue to be shaped by influence from the West interacting with the indigenization process to shape the development of neuropsychology in Asia. Rapid development of neuroscience leads to cutting-edge findings and discovery of brain-behavior relationships, which has and will continue to be one of the rich sources of information that guides and shapes neuropsychological practice in Asia and worldwide.

scholarly journals On the Question of Medieval Artillery in the Muslim Regions of Contemporary Russia

Islamovedenie ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-40
Author(s):  
Nabiev Rustam Fanisovich ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Northern Eurasia ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Islamic Culture ◽  
The West ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Relationship Of

The article deals with the problem of the spread of artillery weapons from the East to the West through the territory of the Eurasian steppes. Among the regions important for the devel-opment of firearms were countries with Islamic culture, which are currently part of the Russian Federation and the CIS. They were one of the most important links in the movement of new technologies from the East to Europe. Evidence of the development of artillery in the northern Muslim countries is not only written sources, but also finds of genuine medieval weapons. The author shows that the Muslim peoples of northern Eurasia have contributed to the world process of the development and spread of firearms. The article substantiates the view that in the territory of Russia powder technologies, the newest at that time, began to be used much earlier than in Western Europe. The author also identifies a number of areas of research into the history of powder technologies in the medieval Muslim world, such as sources of information, regions, landscapes, the main ways of spreading technologies, as well as terminology from the standpoint of cultural relationship of languages

Halstead Reitan Battery

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Goldstein
Keyword(s):  
Neuropsychological Battery ◽  
Clinical Neuropsychology ◽  
Type Locus ◽  
Factor Analytic ◽  
Factor Analytic Study ◽  
The Status ◽  
Initial Work ◽  
History Of ◽  
Index Comparison ◽  
Brain Behavior

This chapter reviews the history of the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Battery from the factor analytic study of its component tests published in 1947 by Ward Halstead to the present time. It discusses the initial work of Halstead and the contributions of Ralph Reitan, Reitan’s collaborators, and independent researchers. It describes various versions of the battery and discusses issues regarding so-called “fixed batteries,” use of quantitative versus qualitative procedures in neuropsychological assessment, interpretation with or without knowledge of the case history, and the status of the battery with regard to forming brain-behavior relationships. The HRNB remains in common use and has been the major force in forming clinical neuropsychology by providing a comprehensive, valid, and sensitive way of assessing brain-damaged patients based upon research supporting neuropsychological inferences made by clinicians. Specific contributions include the impairment index, comparison between right and left hemispheres, type-locus interaction, and multiple methods of inference.

scholarly journals Implications of a technoscientific culture on personhood in Africa and in the West

2005 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornel Du Toit
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Systems ◽  
Community Life ◽  
The West ◽  
History Of Development ◽  
Indigenous Knowledge Systems ◽  
History Of ◽  
African Community ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Rich History

This paper endeavours to converge on present-day experiences of self. This is done against the backdrop of the interdependence between person (organism) and environment (physical and cultural). The rich history of development of personhood in the West is discussed with reference to the metaphor of mask for personhood. Cultural epochs are described as phonocentric (in front of the mask), logocentric (behind the mask) and virtuocentric (between non-present masks). The history of modernism led to the experience of the end of personhood in the West. The restoration of personhood (subjectivity) seems possible through the restoration of some form of communitarianism. This brings Africa in focus. In an enigmatic way Africa knows science and utilises technology, but simultaneously relativises it in favour of traditional customs which the Western mind may judge to be mythological and primitive. African personhood is discussed with reference to African science in the format of Indigenous knowledge systems, to African community life as ubuntu, and to the place of seriti in African metaphysics.

Byzantines and Crusaders in Non-Greek Sources, 1025-1204

2007 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Source Material ◽  
Byzantine Empire ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
The West ◽  
Fourth Crusade ◽  
The North ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Face ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Rich

These chapters survey the range of historical sources from the peoples who collided with the Byzantine Empire during this period of dramatic upheaval. The Empire that had been expanded and consolidated by Basil II (d. 1025) was to disintegrate in the face of incursions from the north and Muslim east. In addition, pilgrims and crusaders from the west passed through the Empire and settled – culminating in the capture of Constantinople by the Fourth Crusade in 1204. In order to understand the history of the region during this period, one must be aware of the rich source material created by these shifting populations, in a wide range of languages, and with differing traditions of historical writing. The 14 chapters give an overview of the material, highlighting any problems the historian may have in dealing with it, and provide detailed bibliographical surveys. Latin, Arabic, Jewish, Slavonic, Georgian, Armenian, and Syriac sources are all discussed.

Buddhist Monks and Christian Friars: Religious and Cultural Exchange in the Making of Buddhism

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-21
Author(s):  
Eva M. Pascal
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Cultural Exchange ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
The West ◽  
Global Consensus ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Bona Fide ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Buddha

There is a global consensus that various traditions practised throughout parts of Asia can all be linked to one cohesive religion called ‘Buddhism’. However, there is a long history as to how the West came to that consensus. Prior to the Iberian exploration, it was common to divide the religious world into four categories: Christianity, Judaism, Islam and all others under various permutations of superstition, heathenism or paganism. This article explores the rich encounter and exchange between Iberian friars and Buddhist monks, particularly in Siam (modern-day Thailand) that catalysed the identification of a common tradition in Asia thought to be centred on the person of the Buddha. It argues that one important part of the history of the identification of Buddhism as a single and bona fide religion begins with the encounter in the sixteenth century of Spanish friars with Buddhism. The social and political strength of institutional Buddhism in Siam, coupled with recognition of similar religious life and appreciation of ascetic values between monks and friars, triggers the identification by the friars of a distinct religion across Asia. The friars made the case that they were witnessing people with their own religion, distinguishable from undifferentiated superstition or idolatry. The consensus of the friars introduced an ideational core for the idea of Buddhism, based on one founder common to traditions in East and South-east Asia. These arguments set a foundation for Buddhism as a religion thought to closely mirror Christianity.

scholarly journals Inskripsi Keagamaan pada Masjid Azizi Tanjungpura, Langkat, Sumatera Utara

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-100
Author(s):  
Kasim Abdurrahman
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
The West ◽  
Research Article ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Norms And Values ◽  
Historical Objects ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Rich

Indonesia is a nation of a diverse civilization. The legacy of Indonesian civilization is significantly influenced by the way of life and religious teachings spread over large and wider regions ranging from Sumatra in the west and Papua in the east. History of Islam in Indonesia culturally has already inherited a number of various historical relics. One of them is the house of worship. This research article discusses one of the historic houses of worship,viz. the Azizi Mosque in Tanjung Pura, Langkat, North Sumatera. With the use of an archaelogical method, by means of techniques of observation, the research focuses on describing, analysing and understanding meaning of architectural, historical objects and religious inscriptions of the mosque as an archaelogical inheritance. The research highlights some important findings. First, the Azizi mosque shows significantly a cultural acculturative mixture of various origin from the Middle East, India, China and Malay. But, in a case of decoration of this mosque, it was affected by the Middle Eastern nuances, especially Arab with Arabic calligraphic inscriptions containing religious messages. Second, philo¬sophically the mosque Azizi represents and symbolizes the Malay’s way of life, characterized by any system of norms and values applied in the Malay community at large, namely the norms of high respects to the power of leaders (umara), clerics (ulama), intellectuals (zumara), the rich (agniya), and the power of the prayers of the poor (fuqara).Keywords: Azizi Mosque, architecture, inscription, Langkat, calligraphyIndonesia adalah satu bangsa yang mempunyai peradaban yang beraneka ragam. Peninggalannya dipengaruhi oleh tradisi kebudayaan maupun keagamaan masyarakat yang tersebar di berbagai wilayah. Sejarah Islam di Indonesia juga termasuk yang memiliki berbagai peninggalan bersejarah. Salah satunya adalah rumah ibadah. Tulisan ini membahas salah satu rumah ibadah bersejarah, yaitu Masjid Azizi di Tanjungpura, Langkat, Sumateran Utara. Tulisan ini menggunakan metode arkeologi, mulai observasi, deskripsi, dan pemaknaannya. Aspek-aspek yang dibahas meliputi arsitektur, benda-benda bersejarah dan inskripsi keagamaan di dalamnya. Arsitektur Mesjid Azizi memperlihatkan perpaduan Timur Tengah, India, Cina, dan Melayu. Secara filosofis mengandung falsafah Melayu, yaitu kekuatan pemimpin (umara), ulama, cerdik pandai (zumara), orang kaya (agniya), dan kekuatan doa orang miskin (fuqara). Hiasan masjid ini bernuansa Timur Tengah, khususnya Arab dengan inskripsi kaligrafi Arab yang mengandung pesan-pesan agamis.Kata kunci: Masjid Azizi, arsitektur, inskripsi, Langkat, kaligrafi

scholarly journals Pengembangan Film Animasi 3 Dimensi Peran Kapten Ida Bagus Putu Japa dalam Serangan Umum Kota Denpasar

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 271
Author(s):  
Adhinta Candra Rima Pratama ◽  
I Gede Mahendra Darmawiguna ◽  
I Gede Bendesa Subawa
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Development ◽  
Concept Design ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
The Public ◽  
Content Expert ◽  
The People ◽  
Multimedia Development ◽  
Animated Film ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Media

Abstract- The history of the hero's struggle is often not well known by the public, especially regarding the history of the hero's struggle, Captain Ida Bagus Putu Japa. This is due to the lack of sources of information about the stories of the drivers of resistance. Currently, what is known to the public is the Statue of Hero of the Posthumous Captain Ida Bagus Putu Japa at the Niti Mandala Renon roundabout, Denpasar and the heroic values of Captain Ida Bagus Putu Japa are also enshrined and stored by making a diorama in the Bajra Sandhi Museum. With the rapid development of technology, technology is useful for disseminating or disseminating information to the general public. This study aims to develop a 3-dimensional animated film of the role of Captain Ida Bagus Putu Japa in the general attack of Denpasar city. So that with this animated film, it is hoped that the public will know and understand how the struggle of Captain Ida Bagus Putu Japa in defending the city of Denpasar. The research method used in this study is the Multimedia Development Life Cycle method, which has 6 stages, namely concept, design, material collecting, assembly, testing, and distribution. . Based on the results of the test data on the content expert test, the criteria are "Very Valid" with Aiken's validity of 0.95. In the media expert test, the criteria are "Very Valid" with Aiken's validity of 0.96. In the user response test the criteria are "Good" with a validity index of 87% so that this 3D animated film is suitable for socialization and education media to the people of Denpasar City. Keywords: Heroes, Biography of Captain Ida Bagus Putu Japa, Bajra Sandhi Museum

scholarly journals Clinical Neuropsychology

Psychology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Caplan
Keyword(s):  
Neuropsychological Tests ◽  
Brain Dysfunction ◽  
Professional Organizations ◽  
Clinical Neuropsychology ◽  
Daily Life Activities ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
Professional Journals ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
History Of ◽  
Brain Behavior

Clinical neuropsychology is the psychological specialty that seeks to elucidate brain-behavior relations through the study of the neurobehavioral consequences of various forms of brain damage or dysfunction in humans. Historically, clinical neuropsychologists were concerned primarily with assessment and diagnosis of brain dysfunction (especially localization of lesions), but recent conceptualizations emphasize evaluation of individuals’ “neuropsychological topography” (i.e., establishing their cognitive strengths and weaknesses) and also encompass rehabilitation of neuropsychological deficits. The assessment aim of clinical neuropsychology is achieved through administration of tests of such cognitive functions as attention, language, perception, memory, and executive abilities, as well as measures of personality and emotional state. These strategies are increasingly applied to medical conditions (e.g., heart failure, diabetes, liver disease) primarily affecting body systems not commonly thought of as “neurological” but which may have consequences for the functional integrity of the brain. Clinical neuropsychological assessment has also come to play an important role in forensic proceedings, especially in personal injury cases where there may be traumatic brain injury–related cognitive decline or those where various forms of competence are at issue. Other contemporary developments involve the use of neuropsychological tests to predict daily life activities (e.g., money management, driving, return to work) and to help shape multidisciplinary rehabilitation programs. This article begins with a brief review of the history of clinical neuropsychology. A section on relevant neuroanatomy addresses the various brain bases of the behavioral phenomena of interest. The growing roster of medical and psychiatric conditions studied with clinical neuropsychological methods is noted and the methods themselves are reviewed, as are the several factors—other than brain functioning—that can influence performance on neuropsychological tests. Recent developments in forensic contributions of neuropsychology and the remediation of cognitive deficits are discussed. The work also provides lists of the major texts and professional journals as well as information about pertinent professional organizations and issues in education and training.

A note on John Hawkins (1761–1841) and the Hawkins archive

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-268
Author(s):  
R. J. CLEEVELY
Keyword(s):  
Major Part ◽  
Reference Lists ◽  
The West ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S

A note dealing with the history of the Hawkins Papers, including the material relating to John Hawkins (1761–1841) presented to the West Sussex Record Office in the 1960s, recently transferred to the Cornwall County Record Office, Truro, in order to be consolidated with the major part of the Hawkins archive held there. Reference lists to the correspondence of Sibthorp-Hawkins, Hawkins-Sibthorp, and Hawkins to his mother mentioned in The Flora Graeca story (Lack, 1999) are provided.

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