Prevalence of Eating Disorders and Alexithymia among a sample of Egyptian Medical Students Not Attending Psychiatric Clinics

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heba I Essawy ◽  
Nivert Z Hashem ◽  
Youmna A El hawary ◽  
Mahmoud H Morsy ◽  
Sara A El Awady
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Eating Attitude ◽  
Arabic Version ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public Health Burden ◽  
Eat 26

Abstract Background Eating disorders are prevalent psychiatric disorders and a major Public health burden worldwide, having huge impact on physical and mental health, The student population seems to be vulnerable to eating disorders, but is this in relation to their ability to express their emotions or alexithymia? Aim of the work To evaluate the relationship between alexithymia and eating disorders. Subjects and methods this is a cross sectional study done on a stratified random sample of 575 medical students in Ain- Shams University, started from 2018 till July 2019, those with history of chronic physical or mental illness were excluded, all students were subjected to Designed clinical sheet for demographic data, Arabic version of Eating Attitude Test -26 (EAT-26) as screening tool for eating disturbances in non-clinical populations and Arabic version of Toronto scale 20 to measure alexithymia. Results our study revealed disordered eating 12.3% among the study sample, alexithymia 24.4% and significant variation in scores of eating disorder according to alexithymia scores. Conclusion our study revealed positive correlation between eating disorders and alexithymia consistently with hypothesis of emotional regulation deficits in eating disorders.

scholarly journals PREVALENCE AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS OF EATING DISORDERS AMONG STUDENTS IN TAIBA UNIVERSITY, SAUDI ARABIA: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 172-176
Author(s):  
Abdullah Hasan Alhazmi ◽  
Abdulaziz Al Johani
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Eating Attitude ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitude Test ◽  
Eat 26

This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of eating disorders among health specialties students in Taiba University. Stratified and systematic random sampling technique were employed to select 342 students. The validated Eating Attitude Test (EAT-26) was used to measure eating disorders. The majority aged ≤22 years (64.6%), 25.4% were overweight and 9.9% were obese. High risk eating disorders was reported by 28.7% of respondents. The majority had GPA of ≤2.49. High risk eating disorders was significantly higher among females (OR=2.6, 95%CI 1.6-4.2), among those aged ≤22 years (OR=2.2, 95%CI 2.2-3.8), among those who had a GPA more than 2.49 (OR=2.2, 95%CI 1.2-4.3) and among those who are obese compared to underweight (OR= 3.1,95% CI 1.6-9.0). In conclusion, high risk eating disorders was relatively high and it was associated with gender, BMI, age and GPA.

Validation of the Arabic version of the Eating Attitude Test in Lebanon: a population study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chadia Haddad ◽  
Chloe Khoury ◽  
Pascale Salameh ◽  
Hala Sacre ◽  
Rabih Hallit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Emotional Eating ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Eating Attitude ◽  
Arabic Version ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eating Attitude Test ◽  
Attitude Test ◽  
Eat 26 ◽  
Disordered Eating Attitudes

Abstract Objectives: To validate an Arabic version of the Eating Attitude Test (EAT-26) and identify factors (such as depression, stress, anxiety and body dissatisfaction) that might be associated with disordered eating among a sample of the Lebanese population. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: All Lebanese governorates. Participants: A total of 811 participants randomly selected participated in this 5-month study (January–May 2018). Results: The EAT-26 scale items converged over a solution of six factors that had an eigenvalue over 1, explaining a total of 60·07 % of the variance (Cronbach’s α = 0·895). The prevalence of disordered eating attitudes was 23·8 %. Higher EAT-26 scores (disordered eating attitudes) were significantly associated with higher depression (β = 0·325), higher emotional eating (β = 0·083), daily weighing (β = 3·430), higher physical activity (β = 0·05), starving to reduce weight (β = 4·94) and feeling pressure from TV/magazine to lose weight (β = 3·95). Conclusions: The Arabic version of EAT-26 can be a useful instrument for screening and assessing disordered eating attitudes in clinical practice and research. Some factors seem to be associated with more disordered eating attitudes among participants for whom psychological counseling may be needed. Yet, our findings are considered preliminary, and further studies are warranted to confirm them.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Anxiety and Depression Among Medical Students During the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 238212052199115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott J Halperin ◽  
Matthew N Henderson ◽  
Sofia Prenner ◽  
Jonathan N Grauer
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patient Health

Purpose: The Covid-19 pandemic is a public health emergency with both physical and mental health risks. Medical students have baseline elevated rates of anxiety, depression and burnout. As such, they may be especially susceptible to the psychological stresses of Covid-19. The current study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of anxiety and depression among United States medical students during the Covid-19 pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional, survey-based study collected demographic data as well as the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) and the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) to assess anxiety and depression symptoms, respectively. The survey was administered from April 13, 2020 to April 28, 2020 amidst the height of the Covid-19 pandemic. Results: A total of 1,428 students from 40 US medical schools completed the survey. From those surveyed, 30.6% and 24.3% of respondents screened positive for anxiety and depression, respectively. Median GAD-7 scores were higher among females (7.0 vs 5.0, P < .00001), pre-clinical students (7.0 vs 6.0, P < .00004), and those with a friend or relative diagnosed with Covid-19 (7.0 vs 6.0, P=.001). Median PHQ-9 scores were higher among females (6.0 vs 4.0, P < .00001) and pre-clinical students (6.0 vs 4.0, P < .00001). Conclusion: When compared to previous medical student studies, these results are 61% higher for anxiety and 70% higher for depression during the Covid-19 era. The current study suggests that there should be a heightened awareness of and sensitivity to student’s mental health during the Covid-19 pandemic with certain cohorts at greater potential risk.

What relationship between eating disorders and alexithymia among medical students?

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S557-S557
Author(s):  
N. Messedi ◽  
I. Feki ◽  
R. Masmoudi ◽  
B.N. Saguem ◽  
J. Masmoudi
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
University Medicine ◽  
Eat 26 ◽  
Tas 20

IntroductionThe student population seems to be vulnerable to eating disorders (ED) but is this in relation to their ability to express their emotions or alexithymia?ObjectivesStudying the prevalence of ED and alexithymia among medical students, and establish the relationship between these entities.MethodsIt was a cross-sectional study of 97 students in Sfax University Medicine (Tunisia). We used:– a questionnaire containing demographic and clinical data;– Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26): a score ≥ 20 indicates ED;– Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20): a score ≥ 61 indicates alexithymia.ResultsThe average age of participants was 24.07 years (± 2.71); the sex ratio (M/W) was 0.4. Their average BMI was 22.85 kg/m2 (± 3.36). They were smoking in 36.1% and sedentary in 43.3% of case. They had a nibbling activity in 57.7%. The average score of the EAT-26 was 11.66 ± 8.66 and prevalence of TCA was 19.6%. The average score of TAS-20 was 50.92, 0.46 and alexithymia was found in 16.5% of students. ED was significantly correlated with nibbling (P = 0.02), BMI or overweight (P = 0.012), smoking (P = 0.006) and physical inactivity (P < 0.00). Also alexithymia was significantly correlated with smoking (P = 0.003) and physical inactivity (P = 0.025). A significant correlation was found between alexithymia and ED (P = 0.008).ConclusionIt is clear from our study an association between alexithymia and the ED. Psychological support aimed specifically alexithymic dimension is indispensable, not only for decreasing the emergence of ED but also contributing to lower any addictive behavior.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Differences in attitudes, behaviours and beliefs towards eating between female bodybuilding athletes and non-athletes, and the implications for eating disorders and disordered eating

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleanor Money-Taylor ◽  
Nick Dobbin ◽  
Rebecca Gregg ◽  
Joseph J. Matthews ◽  
Ozcan Esen
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Eating Attitude ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Eat 26

Abstract Background Female athletes participating in sports emphasising aesthetics are potentially more prone to developing disordered eating (DE) and eating disorders (EDs) than non-athletes, males, and those participating in sports with less emphasis on leanness. Despite this, female bodybuilding athletes have received little attention. Aim To investigate differences in eating attitudes, behaviours and beliefs in female bodybuilding athletes and a non-athlete group. Methods A cross-sectional study design was used with the eating attitude test-26 (EAT-26) distributed to 75 women (49.3% bodybuilding athletes; 50.7% non-athletes) and the female athlete screening tool (FAST) distributed to the female bodybuilding group only. Results Demographic characteristics revealed no significant difference in age, stature or body mass index (P = 0.106 to 0.173), though differences in body mass were evident (P = 0.0001 to 0.042). Bodybuilding athletes scored significantly higher (P = 0.001) than non-athletes on the EAT-26 questionnaire, with significantly more athletes (56.8%) being labelled as ‘at risk’ of an ED than non-athletes (23.7%, P = 0.001). Responses to the FAST questionnaire indicated female bodybuilding athletes have high preoccupation with their body mass; engage in exercise to alter their body mass; and disclosed negative perceptions of themselves. Conclusion In all, female bodybuilding athletes demonstrate behaviours associated with DE and EDs as well as a preoccupation with nutrition intake, exercise, and strategies to alter their appearance. These findings have important implications for those managing female bodybuilding athletes such as strength and conditioning coaches, athletic trainers, nutritionist and dietitians with respect to detecting DE and EDs as well as minimising the risk factors.

Socio Demographic and Clinical Profile of Indoor Female Patients of RINPAS

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Rajni Suri ◽  
Anshu Suri ◽  
Neelam Kumari ◽  
Amool R. Singh ◽  
Manisha Kiran
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional

The role of women is very crucial in our society. She cares for her parents, partner, children and other relatives. She performs all types of duties in family and also in the society without any expectations. Because of playing many roles, women often face many challenges in their life including both physical and mental. Mental health problems affect women and men equally, but some problems are more common among women including both physical and mental health problems. Aim of the study - The present study is aimed to describe and compare the clinical and socio-demographic correlates of female mentally ill patients. Methods and Materials: The study includes 180 female mentally ill patients based on cross sectional design and the sample for the study was drawn purposively. A semi structured socio-demographic data sheet was prepared to collect relevant information as per the need of the study. Result: The present study reveals that the socio-demographic factors contribute a vital role in mental illness. Findings also showed that majority of patients had mental problems in the age range of 20-30 have high rate. Illiterate and primary level of education and daily wage working women as well as low and middle socio-economic status women are more prone to have mental illness. Other factors like marital status, type of family and religion etc also important factors for mental illness. Keywords: Socio demographic profile, female, psychiatric patient

scholarly journals Eating Disorders in Top Elite Beach Handball Players: Cross Sectional Study

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 245
Author(s):  
Alejandro Martínez-Rodríguez ◽  
Manuel Vicente-Martínez ◽  
Javier Sánchez-Sánchez ◽  
Laura Miralles-Amorós ◽  
María Martínez-Olcina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eat 26

(1) Background: The preoccupation with the increasing appearance of eating disorders (ED) in athletes continues to grow, especially in athletes who practice team sports. ED severely affects the eating habits of the athletes, who tend to use unhealthy approaches to control their body weight. The development of nutritional education and early interventions by training staff is essential, and these factors are widely perceived as beneficial in sports medicine. This study evaluates the frequency at which beach handball (BH) players develop ED, also comparing the differences by sex and age (junior: adolescents vs. senior: young adults). In addition, the relation between body composition variables and ED was studied. (2) Methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out in 69 top elite handball players (36 males and 33 females) from the Spanish National BH Team; who were separated by age (junior: adolescents and senior: young adults). The athletes completed the Eating Attitudes Test in its 26 item version (EAT-26). (3) Results: The prevalence of ED indicated that 11% of females had a high possibility of developing an ED, and 3% of males. Regarding the EAT-26 total score and subscales, no significant differences were found between female and male participants, or between the junior and senior categories. The correlations showed an association between body composition, in terms of body mass index, and the EAT-26 total score in both males and females. In the case of males, the correlation was negative. (4) Conclusions: Although there are no significant differences between sex or categories, it has been found that elite athletes are a population that is at high risk of developing ED.

scholarly journals Factors influence abroad or home post graduates training among medical students: experience from Sudan

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Mohamed Gismalla ◽  
Ahmed Abdallah ◽  
Mohammed Alnoor Mohammed ◽  
Sami Mahjoub Taha
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Push Factors ◽  
Postgraduate Study ◽  
Middle East Countries ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Site Training

Backgrounds: Commonly, doctors migrate for postgraduate study in African and Middle-east countries to western countries. In this study, we would like to know the percentage of graduates who intended to study abroad and determine the factors of their traveling.Material and methods: This is cross-sectional questionnaire survey. Medical students were asked about their future specialty preference, reasons, and site of training. Also, some demographic data were collected. The data was analyzed by SPSS. P value of < 0.05 was considered significant. Result and Discussion: 197 students responded to our survey and filled the questionnaire properly. Participants knew about future specialty from the teacher, the internet, senior college and advice from a family member with rate 83 (42.1%), 42 (22.8%), 41 (21.3%), and 27(13.7%) respectively. One hundred five (53.3%) of the responders preferred to get their specialty training outside Sudan while the remainder 92(46.7%) preferred local training.The commonest specialty selected among both group are medicine and surgery respectively. Obstetrics and gynecology are selected mainly among students who prefer local training 14 out of 15 totally, with statistically significant (p-value = 0.0001). Residency has significant related to the site of training with (P value 0.03). International recognition and advanced facilities are the commonest cause of traveling abroad among the students. While free hands on training and social reasons are the most common causes of home postgraduates training.Conclusion: More than fifty percent of the participant prefers abroad post-graduates training. The factors which influents site training can be defined as "Pull and Push" factors.

scholarly journals COVID-19 KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, AND PRACTICES BETWEEN PAKISTANI MEDICAL AND NON-MEDICAL STUDENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-176
Author(s):  
Bushra Suhail ◽  
Ayesha Masood ◽  
Javaria Baig ◽  
Sara Mukhtar ◽  
Sarah Aftab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Conceptual Knowledge ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Contagious Nature ◽  
Positive Attitudes

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: This study investigated medical and non-medical students’ knowledge, attitude, and preparedness regarding COVID-19 pandemic, to groom volunteers and future healthcare providers in a better way. METHODOLOGY: This cross-sectional study was completed from April to May 2020 during the first wave of COVID-19. An online questionnaire was distributed using internet and social media (SM). The questionnaire was composed of several parts concerning to demographic data, knowledge, attitude, and practices. RESULTS: This study included 1851 students [1041(56.54% medical, 810(43.46%) non-medical students)]. Medical students had significantly better knowledge about the contagious nature, spread and treatment of coronavirus. Non-medical students showed more risky behavior compared to medical students (p = 0.005). The use of masks and the frequency of handwashing was better among medical students as compared to non-medical students (p< 0.001; p< 0.014, respectively). The odds ratio indicates that students of the age group 21-25 years (45%) and medical students (75%) were more likely to have a positive attitude. CONCLUSION: This study revealed good knowledge, positive attitudes, and good practices towards COVID-19 among medical students. Still, a minority of participants from both groups revealed misconceptions and relatively poor conceptual knowledge regarding the disease.

scholarly journals Orthorexia nervosa and disordered eating attitudes among Lebanese adults: Assessing psychometric proprieties of the ORTO-R in a population-based sample

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0254948
Author(s):  
Souheil Hallit ◽  
Anna Brytek-Matera ◽  
Sahar Obeid
Keyword(s):  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Orthorexia Nervosa ◽  
Arabic Version ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eat 26 ◽  
Disordered Eating Attitudes

Background Previous research demonstrated a relationship between ON and disordered eating symptoms (eating concern, restraint, cognitive preoccupations about body shape and weight) and disordered eating attitudes (DEA). Since screening for orthorexia nervosa is now part of clinical practice, the measurement instruments to be used must be clinically significant, reliable, valid and sensitive to our target population. The main objective of the present study was to confirm the factor structure of the Arabic version of the ORTO-R using a first sample of Lebanese adults and confirm those results on another sample. The secondary objective was to assess sex differences in terms of ON and DEA, as well as to examine whether symptoms of ON were related to DEA in Lebanese adults. Methods A total of 783 Lebanese adults was selected to participate in this cross-sectional study (January-May 2018) using a proportionate random sample from all Lebanese governorates. Results The mean age of the total sample was 27.78 ± 11.60 years (Min. 18 –Max. 84) (33.5% females) and their mean BMI was 24.36 ± 5.31 kg/m2. All items of the ORTO-R were extracted during the factor analysis and yielded a two-factor solution with Eigenvalues > 1 (variance explained  =  50.07%; KMO = 0.570; Bartlett’s sphericity test p<0.001; αCronbach = 0.755). This factor structure was confirmed by a confirmatory factor analysis; the Maximum Likelihood Chi-Square  =  26.894 and Degrees of Freedom  =  8, which gave a χ2/df  =  3.36. The Tucker Lewis Index (TLI) value was 0.914, whereas the standardized root mean square residual (SRMR) value was 0.032. The root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) value was 0.077 [95% CI 0.046–0.111] (pclose = 0.07) and comparative fit index (CFI) value was 0.967 respectively, indicating a good fit of the model. There was also no measurement invariance between genders. Female gender was significantly associated with lower ORTO-R scores (more orthorexia nervosa) compared to males (B = -0.65; p = 0.026, 95% CI -1.22- -0.08; ɳ2 = 0.006). However, no significant difference was found between genders in terms of EAT-26 scores (B = 0.23; p = 0.813, 95% CI -1.66–2.12; ɳ2 = 0.0001). Higher ORTO-R scores (lower/ less pathological ON tendencies and behaviors) were significantly related to higher EAT-26 total scores (higher levels of DEA) as well as higher dieting, bulimia and oral control scores in both females (from a weak to a moderate positive correlation) and males (a weak positive correlation). Conclusion This cross-sectional population-based study confirmed the factor structure of the Arabic version of the ORTO-R, demonstrated an association between ON and DEA and revealed more ON among females compared to males.

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