Genome-wide investigation of WRKY transcription factors in sweet osmanthus and their potential regulation of aroma synthesis

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 557-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjie Ding ◽  
Qixia Ouyang ◽  
Yuli Li ◽  
Tingting Shi ◽  
Ling Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Floral Scent ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Wrky Transcription Factors ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Zinc Cluster ◽  
Terpene Synthesis

Abstract WRKY transcription factors, one of the largest transcription factor families, play important roles in regulating the synthesis of secondary metabolites. In sweet osmanthus (Osmanthus fragrans), the monoterpenes have been demonstrated as the most important volatile compounds, and the W-box, which is the cognate binding site of WRKY transcription factors, could be identified in most of the terpene-synthesis-related genes’ promoters. However, the role of the WRKY family in terpene synthesis in sweet osmanthus has rarely been examined. In this study, 154 WRKY genes with conserved WRKY domain were identified and classified into three groups. The group II was further divided into five subgroups, and almost all members of IId contained a plant zinc cluster domain. Eight OfWRKYs (OfWRKY7/19/36/38/42/84/95/139) were screened from 20 OfWRKYs for their flower-specific expression patterns in different tissues. Simultaneously, the expression patterns of OfWRKYs and emission patterns of volatile compounds during the flowering process were determined and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry results showed that monoterpenes, such as linalool and ocimene, accounted for the highest proportion, contributing to the floral scent of sweet osmanthus in two cultivars. In addition, correlation analysis revealed the expression patterns of OfWRKYs (OfWRKY7/19/36/139) were each correlated with distinct monoterpenes (linalool, linalool derivatives, ocimene and ocimene derivatives). Subcellular localization analysis showed that p35S::GFP–OfWRKY7/38/95/139 were localized in the nucleus and OfWRKY139 had very strong transactivation activity. Collectively, the results indicated potential roles of OfWRKY139 and OfWRKYs with plant zinc cluster domain in regulating synthesis of aromatic compounds in sweet osmanthus, laying the foundation for use of OfWRKYs to improve the aroma of ornamental plants.

scholarly journals Genomic Characterization of WRKY Transcription Factors Related to Andrographolide Biosynthesis in Andrographis paniculata

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongrong Zhang ◽  
Zhenzhen Chen ◽  
Libing Zhang ◽  
Wei Yao ◽  
Zhichao Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Alternative Splicing ◽  
Regulatory Mechanism ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Andrographis Paniculata ◽  
Wrky Transcription Factors ◽  
Chromosomal Distribution ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Go Annotation

Andrographolide, which is enriched in the leaves of Andrographis paniculata, has been known as “natural antibiotic” due to its pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antioxidant effects. Several key enzymes in andrographolide biosynthetic pathway have been studied since the genome sequences were released, but its regulatory mechanism remains unknown. WRKY transcription factors proteins have been reported to regulate plant secondary metabolism, development as well as biotic and abiotic stresses. Here, WRKY transcription factors related to andrographolide biosynthesis were systematically identified, including sequences alignment, phylogenetic analysis, chromosomal distribution, gene structure, conserved motifs, synteny, alternative splicing event and Gene ontology (GO) annotation. A total of 58 WRKYs were identified in Chuanxinlian genome and phylogenetically classified into three groups. Moreover, nine WRKY genes underwent alternative splicing events. Furthermore, the combination of binding site prediction, gene-specific expression patterns, and phylogenetic analysis suggested that 7 WRKYs (ApWRKY01, ApWRKY08, ApWRKY12, ApWRKY14, ApWRKY19, ApWRKY20, and ApWRKY50) might regulate andrographolide biosynthesis. This study laid a foundation for understanding the regulatory mechanism of andrographolide biosynthesis and the improvement and breeding of Andrographis paniculata varieties.

Identification and specific expression patterns in flower organs of ABCG genes related to floral scent from Prunus mume

2021 ◽  
Vol 288 ◽  
pp. 110218
Author(s):  
Ruijie Hao ◽  
Shuting Yang ◽  
Zhongqiang Zhang ◽  
Yajing Zhang ◽  
Jun Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Floral Scent ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Prunus Mume ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Flower Organs

Characterization of WRKY transcription factors in Solanum lycopersicum reveals collinearity and their expression patterns under cold treatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 464 (3) ◽  
pp. 962-968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Chen ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Can Liu ◽  
Yanyan Zheng ◽  
Mingshuang Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Cold Treatment ◽  
Wrky Transcription Factors

scholarly journals Molecular Cloning and Functional Characterization of CpMYC2 and CpBHLH13 Transcription Factors from Wintersweet (Chimonanthus praecox L.)

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 785
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zeshan Aslam ◽  
Xiang Lin ◽  
Xiang Li ◽  
Nan Yang ◽  
Longqing Chen
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Floral Scent ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
High Expression ◽  
Floral Volatile ◽  
Chimonanthus Praecox

Wintersweet (Chimonanthus praecox L.) is an ornamental and economically significant shrub known for its unique flowering characteristics, especially the emission of abundant floral volatile organic compounds. Thus, an understanding of the molecular mechanism of the production of these compounds is necessary to create new breeds with high volatile production. In this study, two bHLH transcription factors (CpMYC2 and CpbHLH13) of Wintersweet H29 were functionally characterized to illustrate their possible role in the production of volatile compounds. The qRT-PCR results showed that the expression of CpMYC2 and CpbHLH13 increased from the flower budding to full bloom stage, indicating that these two genes may play an essential role in blooming and aroma production in wintersweet. Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis revealed that the overexpression of CpMYC2 in arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) AtMYC2-2 mutant (Salk_083483) and tobacco (Nicotiana tabaccum) genotype Petit Havana SR1 significantly increased floral volatile monoterpene, especially linalool, while the overexpression of CpbHLH13 in Arabidopsis thaliana ecotype Columbia-0 (Col-0) and tobacco genotype SR1 increased floral sesquiterpene β-caryophyllene production in both types of transgenic plants respectively. High expression of terpene synthase (TPS) genes in transgenic A. thaliana along with high expression of CpMYC2 and CpbHLH13 in transgenic plants was also observed. The application of a combination of methyl jasmonic acid (MeJA) and gibberellic acid (GA3) showed an increment in linalool production in CpMYC2-overexpressing arabidopsis plants, and the high transcript level of TPS genes also suggested the involvement of CpMYC2 in the jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathway. These results indicate that both the CpMYC2 and CpbHLH13 transcription factors of wintersweet are possibly involved in the positive regulation and biosynthesis of monoterpene (linalool) and sesquiterpene (β-caryophyllene) in transgenic plants. This study also indicates the potential application of wintersweet as a valuable genomic material for the genetic modification of floral scent in other flowering plants that produce less volatile compounds.

scholarly journals EMT-Inducing Transcription Factors, Drivers of Melanoma Phenotype Switching, and Resistance to Treatment

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaqi Tang ◽  
Simon Durand ◽  
Stéphane Dalle ◽  
Julie Caramel
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Neural Crest ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Therapeutic Targeting ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Neural Crest Stem Cell ◽  
Resistance To Treatment ◽  
Phenotype Switching

Transcription factors, extensively described for their role in epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT-TFs) in epithelial cells, also display essential functions in the melanocyte lineage. Recent evidence has shown specific expression patterns and functions of these EMT-TFs in neural crest-derived melanoma compared to carcinoma. Herein, we present an update of the specific roles of EMT-TFs in melanocyte differentiation and melanoma progression. As major regulators of phenotype switching between differentiated/proliferative and neural crest stem cell-like/invasive states, these factors appear as major drivers of intra-tumor heterogeneity and resistance to treatment in melanoma, which opens new avenues in terms of therapeutic targeting.

scholarly journals Identification of Floral Scent Profiles in Bearded Irises

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Yuan ◽  
Ye Sun ◽  
Yanchun Zhao ◽  
Chungui Liu ◽  
Xiulan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Floral Scent ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Methyl Cinnamate ◽  
Citronellyl Acetate ◽  
Iris Germanica ◽  
Scent Profile

Bearded irises are ornamental plants with distinctive floral fragrance grown worldwide. To identify the floral scent profiles, twenty-seven accessions derived from three bearded iris, including Iris. germanica, I. pumila and I. pallida were used to investigate the composition and relative contents of floral scent components by headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 219 floral scent components were detected in blooming flowers. The scent profile varied significantly among and within the three investigated species. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that terpenes, alcohols and esters contributed the most to the floral scent components and 1-caryophyllene, linalool, citronellol, methyl cinnamate, β-cedrene, thujopsene, methyl myristate, linalyl acetate, isosafrole, nerol, geraniol were identified as the major components. In a hierarchical cluster analysis, twenty-seven accessions could be clustered into six different groups, most of which had representative scent components such as linalool, citronellyl acetate, thujopsene, citronellol, methyl cinnamate and 1-caryophyllene. Our findings provide a theoretical reference for floral scent evaluation and breeding of bearded irises.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Identification, Classification, and Expression Profiling Reveals R2R3-MYB Transcription Factors Related to Monoterpenoid Biosynthesis in Osmanthus fragrans

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai-Yan Li ◽  
Yuan-Zheng Yue ◽  
Wen-Jie Ding ◽  
Gong-Wei Chen ◽  
Ling Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Gene Evolution ◽  
Floral Scent ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Osmanthus Fragrans ◽  
Myb Transcription Factors ◽  
Major Mode ◽  
Myb Proteins

Osmanthus fragrans is widely grown for the purpose of urban greening and the pleasant aroma emitted from its flowers. The floral scent is determined by several monoterpenoid volatiles, such as linalool and its oxides, which are a few of the most common volatiles and the main components of the essential oils in most sweet osmanthus cultivars. In addition, the relative contents of cis- and trans-linalool oxide (furan) may affect the aromas and quality of the essential oils. MYB proteins represent the largest family of transcription factors in plants and participate in regulating secondary metabolites. Several cis-elements, especially AC-rich regions, are known to be bound by 2R-MYBs and could be found in the promoter of the enzyme genes in the terpenoid metabolic pathway. However, there has to date been no investigation into the 2R-MYB family genes involved in regulating terpenoid biosynthesis in O. fragrans. Here, 243 non-redundant 2R-MYB proteins were grouped into 33 clusters based on the phylogeny and exon-intron distribution. These genes were unevenly distributed on 23 chromosomes. Ka/Ks analysis showed that the major mode of 2R-MYB gene evolution was purifying selection. Expression analysis indicated that 2R-MYB genes in O. fragrans exhibited varied expression patterns. A total of 35 OfMYBs representing the highest per kilobase per million mapped reads in the flower were selected for quantitative real-time PCR analysis. The correlation analysis between the expression level and the contents of fragrant compounds at different flowering stages suggested that OfMYB19/20 exhibited remarkably positive correlation with the accumulation of cis-linalool oxides. OfMYB51/65/88/121/137/144 showed significantly negative correlations with one or more linalool oxides. Characterization of these proteins revealed that OfMYB19 and OfMYB137 were localized in the nuclei, but did not show transcriptional activation in the yeast system, which suggested that they may be bound to other transcription factors to exert regulatory functions. These findings provide useful information for further functional investigation of the 2R-MYBs and offer a foundation for clarifying the 2R-MYB transcription factors involved in the molecular mechanism of the regulation of monoterpenoid biosynthesis in Osmanthus fragrans.

scholarly journals Floral Scent Evaluation of Three Cut Flowers Through Sensorial and Gas Chromatography Analysis

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danilo Aros ◽  
Nicole Garrido ◽  
Constanza Rivas ◽  
Marcela Medel ◽  
Carsten Müller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Floral Scent ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Vase Life ◽  
Quality Trait ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Sensorial Analysis

The main function of floral scent is to attract and guide pollinators, but it is also an important character in the ornamental plant industry. Several studies have considered the chemical evaluation of floral scent during vase life, but only a few have considered sensorial analysis of this character, which is a very important quality trait for the marketing of ornamental plants. This study focused on assessing the floral scent of three fragrant cut flowers of high economic importance: Lilium, chrysanthemum, and freesia. Eighty individuals were included in a sensorial analysis where the attributes of floral scent liking and intensity were evaluated. The composition of the floral scent was analyzed through the collection of headspace followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The floral scents of oriental lily and freesia were perceived as more intense, compared to chrysanthemum. A total of 28 volatile compounds were detected and the monoterpenes β-pinene (40.7 ± 1.8 μg·L−1), β-cis-ocimene (5552 ± 990 μg·L−1), and linalool (11,800 ± 220 μg·L−1) were the major volatile organic compounds (VOCs) present in chrysanthemum, lilium, and freesia, respectively. The results presented in this study confirm that the concentration and abundance of volatile compounds is not directly related to the human perception of floral scent.

scholarly journals Genome-wide and expression analysis of B-box gene family in pepper

BMC Genomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Ma ◽  
Jia-xi Dai ◽  
Xiao-wei Liu ◽  
Duo Lin
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Transient Expression Assay ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Duplication Events ◽  
Onion Inner Epidermis

Abstract Background BBX transcription factors are a kind of zinc finger transcription factors with one or two B-box domains, which partilant in plant growth, development and response to abiotic or biotic stress. The BBX family has been identified in Arabidopsis, rice, tomato and some other model plant genomes. Results Here, 24 CaBBX genes were identified in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), and the phylogenic analysis, structures, chromosomal location, gene expression patterns and subcellular localizations were also carried out to understand the evolution and function of CaBBX genes. All these CaBBXs were divided into five classes, and 20 of them distributed in 11 of 12 pepper chromosomes unevenly. Most duplication events occurred in subgroup I. Quantitative RT-PCR indicated that several CaBBX genes were induced by abiotic stress and hormones, some had tissue-specific expression profiles or differentially expressed at developmental stages. Most of CaBBX members were predicated to be nucleus-localized in consistent with the transient expression assay by onion inner epidermis of the three tested CaBBX members (CaBBX5, 6 and 20). Conclusion Several CaBBX genes were induced by abiotic stress and exogenous phytohormones, some expressed tissue-specific and variously at different developmental stage. The detected CaBBXs act as nucleus-localized transcription factors. Our data might be a foundation in the identification of CaBBX genes, and a further understanding of their biological function in future studies.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Analysis Reveals the Potential Role of MYB Transcription Factors in Floral Scent Formation in Hedychium coronarium

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhat Abbas ◽  
Yanguo Ke ◽  
Yiwei Zhou ◽  
Yunyi Yu ◽  
Muhammad Waseem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Gene Family ◽  
Floral Scent ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Myb Gene ◽  
Hedychium Coronarium

The MYB gene family is one of the largest groups of transcription factors (TFs) playing diverse roles in several biological processes. Hedychium coronarium (white ginger lily) is a renowned ornamental plant both in tropical and subtropical regions due to its flower shape and strong floral scent mainly composed of terpenes and benzenoids. However, there is no information available regarding the role of the MYB gene family in H. coronarium. In the current study, the MYB gene family was identified and extensively analyzed. The identified 253 HcMYB genes were unevenly mapped on 17 chromosomes at a different density. Promoter sequence analysis showed numerous phytohormones related to cis-regulatory elements. The majority of HcMYB genes contain two to three introns and motif composition analysis showed their functional conservation. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that HcMYBs could be classified into 15 distinct clades, and the segmental duplication events played an essential role in the expansion of the HcMYB gene family. Tissue-specific expression patterns of HcMYB genes displayed spatial and temporal expression. Furthermore, seven HcMYB (HcMYB7/8/75/79/145/238/248) were selected for further investigation. Through RT-qPCR, the response of candidates HcMYB genes toward jasmonic acid methyl ester (MeJA), abscisic acid (ABA), ethylene, and auxin was examined. Yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) assays revealed that candidate genes directly bind to the promoter of bottom structural volatile synthesis genes (HcTPS1, HcTPS3, HcTPS10, and HcBSMT2). Moreover, yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) assay showed that HcMYB7/8/75/145/248 interact with HcJAZ1 protein. In HcMYB7/8/79/145/248-silenced flowers, the floral volatile contents were decreased and downregulated the expression of key structural genes, suggesting that these genes might play crucial roles in floral scent formation in H. coronarium by regulating the expression of floral scent biosynthesis genes. Collectively, these findings indicate that HcMYB genes might be involved in the regulatory mechanism of terpenoids and benzenoid biosynthesis in H. coronarium.

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