scholarly journals Genome-Wide Identification, Classification, and Expression Profiling Reveals R2R3-MYB Transcription Factors Related to Monoterpenoid Biosynthesis in Osmanthus fragrans

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai-Yan Li ◽  
Yuan-Zheng Yue ◽  
Wen-Jie Ding ◽  
Gong-Wei Chen ◽  
Ling Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Gene Evolution ◽  
Floral Scent ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Osmanthus Fragrans ◽  
Myb Transcription Factors ◽  
Major Mode ◽  
Myb Proteins

Osmanthus fragrans is widely grown for the purpose of urban greening and the pleasant aroma emitted from its flowers. The floral scent is determined by several monoterpenoid volatiles, such as linalool and its oxides, which are a few of the most common volatiles and the main components of the essential oils in most sweet osmanthus cultivars. In addition, the relative contents of cis- and trans-linalool oxide (furan) may affect the aromas and quality of the essential oils. MYB proteins represent the largest family of transcription factors in plants and participate in regulating secondary metabolites. Several cis-elements, especially AC-rich regions, are known to be bound by 2R-MYBs and could be found in the promoter of the enzyme genes in the terpenoid metabolic pathway. However, there has to date been no investigation into the 2R-MYB family genes involved in regulating terpenoid biosynthesis in O. fragrans. Here, 243 non-redundant 2R-MYB proteins were grouped into 33 clusters based on the phylogeny and exon-intron distribution. These genes were unevenly distributed on 23 chromosomes. Ka/Ks analysis showed that the major mode of 2R-MYB gene evolution was purifying selection. Expression analysis indicated that 2R-MYB genes in O. fragrans exhibited varied expression patterns. A total of 35 OfMYBs representing the highest per kilobase per million mapped reads in the flower were selected for quantitative real-time PCR analysis. The correlation analysis between the expression level and the contents of fragrant compounds at different flowering stages suggested that OfMYB19/20 exhibited remarkably positive correlation with the accumulation of cis-linalool oxides. OfMYB51/65/88/121/137/144 showed significantly negative correlations with one or more linalool oxides. Characterization of these proteins revealed that OfMYB19 and OfMYB137 were localized in the nuclei, but did not show transcriptional activation in the yeast system, which suggested that they may be bound to other transcription factors to exert regulatory functions. These findings provide useful information for further functional investigation of the 2R-MYBs and offer a foundation for clarifying the 2R-MYB transcription factors involved in the molecular mechanism of the regulation of monoterpenoid biosynthesis in Osmanthus fragrans.

Genome-wide investigation of WRKY transcription factors in sweet osmanthus and their potential regulation of aroma synthesis

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 557-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjie Ding ◽  
Qixia Ouyang ◽  
Yuli Li ◽  
Tingting Shi ◽  
Ling Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Floral Scent ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Wrky Transcription Factors ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Zinc Cluster ◽  
Terpene Synthesis

Abstract WRKY transcription factors, one of the largest transcription factor families, play important roles in regulating the synthesis of secondary metabolites. In sweet osmanthus (Osmanthus fragrans), the monoterpenes have been demonstrated as the most important volatile compounds, and the W-box, which is the cognate binding site of WRKY transcription factors, could be identified in most of the terpene-synthesis-related genes’ promoters. However, the role of the WRKY family in terpene synthesis in sweet osmanthus has rarely been examined. In this study, 154 WRKY genes with conserved WRKY domain were identified and classified into three groups. The group II was further divided into five subgroups, and almost all members of IId contained a plant zinc cluster domain. Eight OfWRKYs (OfWRKY7/19/36/38/42/84/95/139) were screened from 20 OfWRKYs for their flower-specific expression patterns in different tissues. Simultaneously, the expression patterns of OfWRKYs and emission patterns of volatile compounds during the flowering process were determined and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry results showed that monoterpenes, such as linalool and ocimene, accounted for the highest proportion, contributing to the floral scent of sweet osmanthus in two cultivars. In addition, correlation analysis revealed the expression patterns of OfWRKYs (OfWRKY7/19/36/139) were each correlated with distinct monoterpenes (linalool, linalool derivatives, ocimene and ocimene derivatives). Subcellular localization analysis showed that p35S::GFP–OfWRKY7/38/95/139 were localized in the nucleus and OfWRKY139 had very strong transactivation activity. Collectively, the results indicated potential roles of OfWRKY139 and OfWRKYs with plant zinc cluster domain in regulating synthesis of aromatic compounds in sweet osmanthus, laying the foundation for use of OfWRKYs to improve the aroma of ornamental plants.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Analysis Reveals the Potential Role of MYB Transcription Factors in Floral Scent Formation in Hedychium coronarium

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhat Abbas ◽  
Yanguo Ke ◽  
Yiwei Zhou ◽  
Yunyi Yu ◽  
Muhammad Waseem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Gene Family ◽  
Floral Scent ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Myb Gene ◽  
Hedychium Coronarium

The MYB gene family is one of the largest groups of transcription factors (TFs) playing diverse roles in several biological processes. Hedychium coronarium (white ginger lily) is a renowned ornamental plant both in tropical and subtropical regions due to its flower shape and strong floral scent mainly composed of terpenes and benzenoids. However, there is no information available regarding the role of the MYB gene family in H. coronarium. In the current study, the MYB gene family was identified and extensively analyzed. The identified 253 HcMYB genes were unevenly mapped on 17 chromosomes at a different density. Promoter sequence analysis showed numerous phytohormones related to cis-regulatory elements. The majority of HcMYB genes contain two to three introns and motif composition analysis showed their functional conservation. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that HcMYBs could be classified into 15 distinct clades, and the segmental duplication events played an essential role in the expansion of the HcMYB gene family. Tissue-specific expression patterns of HcMYB genes displayed spatial and temporal expression. Furthermore, seven HcMYB (HcMYB7/8/75/79/145/238/248) were selected for further investigation. Through RT-qPCR, the response of candidates HcMYB genes toward jasmonic acid methyl ester (MeJA), abscisic acid (ABA), ethylene, and auxin was examined. Yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) assays revealed that candidate genes directly bind to the promoter of bottom structural volatile synthesis genes (HcTPS1, HcTPS3, HcTPS10, and HcBSMT2). Moreover, yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) assay showed that HcMYB7/8/75/145/248 interact with HcJAZ1 protein. In HcMYB7/8/79/145/248-silenced flowers, the floral volatile contents were decreased and downregulated the expression of key structural genes, suggesting that these genes might play crucial roles in floral scent formation in H. coronarium by regulating the expression of floral scent biosynthesis genes. Collectively, these findings indicate that HcMYB genes might be involved in the regulatory mechanism of terpenoids and benzenoid biosynthesis in H. coronarium.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Identification, Structure Characterization, and Expression Profiling of Dof Transcription Factor Gene Family in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengwu Fang ◽  
Wenqiang Jiang ◽  
Yiqin He ◽  
Dongfang Ma ◽  
Yike Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Structure Characterization ◽  
Sequence Length ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Segmental Duplications ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress

DNA binding with one finger (Dof) proteins are plant-specific transcription factors with crucial roles in plant growth and stress response. Even so, little is known about them in wheat. In this study, 108 wheat Dof (TaDof) genes across 21 chromosomes were detected. Although variable in sequence length, molecular weight, and isoelectric point, all TaDof proteins contained conserved zinc-finger structures and were phylogenetically divided into 7 sub-groups. Exon/intron and motif analyses suggested that TaDof structures and conserved motifs were similar within sub-groups but diverse among sub-groups. Many segmental duplications were identified and Ka/Ks and inter-species synthetic analyses indicated that polyploidization was main reason for increased number of TaDofs. Prediction and experimental confirmation revealed that TaDofs functioned as transcription factors in the nucleus. Expression pattern profiling showed that TaDofs specifically affected growth and development, and biotic and abiotic stress responses. Wheat miRNAs and cis-regulator were predicted as essential players in molding TaDofs expression patterns. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that TaDofs were induced by salt and drought stresses. Customized annotation revealed that TaDofs were widely involved in phytohormone response, defense, growth and development, and metabolism. Our study provided a comprehensive understanding to wheat TaDofs.

scholarly journals Phylogenomic Analysis of R2R3 MYB Transcription Factors in Sorghum and their Role in Conditioning Biofuel Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-154
Author(s):  
Vinay Singh ◽  
Neeraj Kumar ◽  
Anuj K. Dwivedi ◽  
Rita Sharma ◽  
Manoj K. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Biomass Composition ◽  
Phylogenomic Analysis ◽  
Myb Transcription Factors ◽  
Myb Genes ◽  
R2r3 Myb ◽  
R2r3 Myb Transcription Factors

Background : Large scale cultivation of sorghum for food, feed, and biofuel requires concerted efforts for engineering multipurpose cultivars with optimised agronomic traits. Due to their vital role in regulating the biosynthesis of phenylpropanoid-derived compounds, biomass composition, biotic, and abiotic stress response, R2R3-MYB family transcription factors are ideal targets for improving environmental resilience and economic value of sorghum. Methods: We used diverse computational biology tools to survey the sorghum genome to identify R2R3-MYB transcription factors followed by their structural and phylogenomic analysis. We used inhouse generated as well as publicly available high throughput expression data to analyse the R2R3 expression patterns in various sorghum tissue types. Results: We have identified a total of 134 R2R3-MYB genes from sorghum and developed a framework to predict gene functions. Collating information from the physical location, duplication, structural analysis, orthologous sequences, phylogeny, and expression patterns revealed the role of duplications in clade-wise expansion of the R2R3-MYB family as well as intra-clade functional diversification. Using publicly available and in-house generated RNA sequencing data, we provide MYB candidates for conditioning biofuel syndrome by engineering phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and sugar signalling pathways in sorghum. Conclusion: The results presented here are pivotal to prioritize MYB genes for functional validation and optimize agronomic traits in sorghum.

scholarly journals Structural insights into target DNA recognition by R2R3-MYB transcription factors

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baihui Wang ◽  
Qiang Luo ◽  
Yingping Li ◽  
Liufan Yin ◽  
Nana Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Structural Basis ◽  
Myb Transcription Factors ◽  
Target Dna ◽  
Myb Proteins ◽  
R2r3 Myb ◽  
R2r3 Myb Transcription Factors

Abstract As the largest group of MYB family transcription factors, R2R3-MYB proteins play essential roles during plant growth and development. However, the structural basis underlying how R2R3-MYBs recognize the target DNA remains elusive. Here, we report the crystal structure of Arabidopsis WEREWOLF (WER), an R2R3-MYB protein, in complex with its target DNA. Structural analysis showed that the third α-helices in both the R2 and R3 repeats of WER fit in the major groove of the DNA, specifically recognizing the DNA motif 5′-AACNGC-3′. In combination with mutagenesis, in vitro binding and in vivo luciferase assays, we showed that K55, N106, K109 and N110 are critical for the function of WER. Although L59 of WER is not involved in DNA binding in the structure, ITC analysis suggested that L59 plays an important role in sensing DNA methylation at the fifth position of cytosine (5mC). Like 5mC, methylation at the sixth position of adenine (6mA) in the AAC element also inhibits the interaction between WER and its target DNA. Our study not only unravels the molecular basis of how WER recognizes its target DNA, but also suggests that 5mC and 6mA modifications may block the interaction between R2R3-MYB transcription factors and their target genes.

Identification and characterization of two faba bean (Vicia faba L.) WRKY transcription factors and their expression analysis during salt and drought stress

2016 ◽  
Vol 155 (5) ◽  
pp. 791-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. ABID ◽  
Y. MUHOVSKI ◽  
D. MINGEOT ◽  
M. N. SAIDI ◽  
M. AOUIDA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Degenerate Primers ◽  
Salt Stress Response ◽  
Group I ◽  
Drought And Salt Stress

SUMMARYDrought and salinity are two major environmental factors limiting faba bean growth, leading to considerable reduction in their productivity. The WRKY gene family act as major transcription factors that might play an important role in abiotic stress tolerance. In the present study, two partial sequences sharing significant homology with known WRKY genes were isolated from faba bean by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification using degenerate primers targeting the well-conserved WRKY domain. The isolated WRKY gene fragments were designated as VfWRKY1 and VfWRKY2 showing 62% similarity between them. Sequence and phylogenetic analyses revealed that VfWRKY1 and VfWRKY2 belong to WRKY group I and could be grouped with their orthologues from other plant species. The gene expression profile of VfWRKY1 and VfWRKY2 in faba bean showed that they are significantly accumulated in various plant organs. Further, quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that both transcripts were responsive to drought and salt stress, and also they are genotype dependent, meaning that different faba bean cultivars respond in a different way to drought and salt challenge. The expression patterns obtained suggest the important roles of VfWRKY1 and VfWRKY2 in drought and salt stress response and tolerance. This knowledge might be helpful in the identification of drought-tolerant cultivars and provide potential candidate markers for faba bean breeding in order to develop osmotic-stress-tolerant cultivars.

Floral scent: Regulation and role of MYB transcription factors

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 114-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mummadireddy Ramya ◽  
Oh Keun Kwon ◽  
Hye Ryun An ◽  
Pil Man Park ◽  
Yun Su Baek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Floral Scent ◽  
Myb Transcription Factors

scholarly journals Multiple Functions of MYB Transcription Factors in Abiotic Stress Responses

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 6125
Author(s):  
Xiaopei Wang ◽  
Yanli Niu ◽  
Yuan Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Regulatory Mechanism ◽  
Adaptation Process ◽  
Myb Transcription Factors ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Myb Proteins ◽  
Efficient Mechanisms

Plants face a more volatile environment than other organisms because of their immobility, and they have developed highly efficient mechanisms to adapt to stress conditions. Transcription factors, as an important part of the adaptation process, are activated by different signals and are responsible for the expression of stress-responsive genes. MYB transcription factors, as one of the most widespread transcription factor families in plants, participate in plant development and responses to stresses by combining with MYB cis-elements in promoters of target genes. MYB transcription factors have been extensively studied and have proven to be critical in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in plants, including anthocyanins, flavonols, and lignin. Multiple studies have now shown that MYB proteins play diverse roles in the responses to abiotic stresses, such as drought, salt, and cold stresses. However, the regulatory mechanism of MYB proteins in abiotic stresses is still not well understood. In this review, we will focus mainly on the function of Arabidopsis MYB transcription factors in abiotic stresses, especially how MYB proteins participate in these stress responses. We also pay attention to how the MYB proteins are regulated in these processes at both the transcript and protein levels.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization, Gene Evolution and Expression Analysis of the F-Box Gene Family in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 417
Author(s):  
Fulei Mo ◽  
Nian Zhang ◽  
Youwen Qiu ◽  
Lingjun Meng ◽  
Mozhen Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Gene Family ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Expression Analysis ◽  
Gene Evolution ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Cis Elements

F-box genes play an important role in the growth and development of plants, but there are few studies on its role in a plant’s response to abiotic stresses. In order to further study the functions of F-box genes in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum, Sl), a total of 139 F-box genes were identified in the whole genome of tomato using bioinformatics methods, and the basic information, transcript structure, conserved motif, cis-elements, chromosomal location, gene evolution, phylogenetic relationship, expression patterns and the expression under cold stress, drought stress, jasmonic acid (JA) treatment and salicylic acid (SA) treatment were analyzed. The results showed that SlFBX genes were distributed on 12 chromosomes of tomato and were prone to TD (tandem duplication) at the ends of chromosomes. WGD (whole genome duplication), TD, PD (proximal duplication) and TRD (transposed duplication) modes seem play an important role in the expansion and evolution of tomato SlFBX genes. The most recent divergence occurred 1.3042 million years ago, between SlFBX89 and SlFBX103. The cis-elements in SlFBX genes’ promoter regions were mainly responded to phytohormone and abiotic stress. Expression analysis based on transcriptome data and qRT-PCR (Real-time quantitative PCR) analysis of SlFBX genes showed that most SlFBX genes were differentially expressed under abiotic stress. SlFBX24 was significantly up-regulated at 12 h under cold stress. This study reported the SlFBX gene family of tomato for the first time, providing a theoretical basis for the detailed study of SlFBX genes in the future, especially the function of SlFBX genes under abiotic stress.

scholarly journals Origins and Stepwise Expansion of R2R3-MYB Transcription Factors for the Terrestrial Adaptation of Plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojun Chang ◽  
Shupeng Xie ◽  
Lanlan Wei ◽  
Zhaolian Lu ◽  
Zhong-Hua Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Land Plants ◽  
Monophyletic Group ◽  
Myb Transcription Factors ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Terrestrial Environments ◽  
Myb Genes ◽  
Myb Proteins ◽  
R2r3 Myb ◽  
R2r3 Myb Transcription Factors

The R2R3-MYB transcription factors play critical roles in various processes in embryophytes (land plants). Here, we identified genes encoding R2R3-MYB proteins from rhodophytes, glaucophytes, Chromista, chlorophytes, charophytes, and embryophytes. We classified the R2R3-MYB genes into three subgroups (I, II, and III) based on their evolutionary history and gene structure. The subgroup I is the most ancient group that includes members from all plant lineages. The subgroup II was formed before the divergence of charophytes and embryophytes. The subgroup III genes form a monophyletic group and only comprise members from land plants with conserved exon–intron structure. Each subgroup was further divided into multiple clades. The subgroup I can be divided into I-A, I-B, I-C, and I-D. The I-A, I-B, and I-C are the most basal clades that have originated before the divergence of Archaeplastida. The I-D with the II and III subgroups form a monophyletic group, containing only green plants. The II and III subgroups form another monophyletic group with Streptophyta only. Once on land, the subgroup III genes have experienced two rounds of major expansions. The first round occurred before the origin of land plants, and the second round occurred after the divergence of land plants. Due to significant gene expansion, the subgroup III genes have become the predominant group of R2R3-MYBs in land plants. The highly unbalanced pattern of birth and death evolution of R2R3-MYB genes indicates their important roles in the successful adaptation and massive radiation of land plants to occupy a multitude of terrestrial environments.

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