Maximum energy intake rate is proportional to basal metabolic rate in passerine birds

1995 ◽  
Vol 261 (1362) ◽  
pp. 337-343 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Basal Metabolic Rate ◽  
Maximum Energy ◽  
Intake Rate ◽  
Passerine Birds ◽  
Energy Intake Rate

scholarly journals Underreporting of energy intake among Japanese women aged 18–20 years and its association with reported nutrient and food group intakes

2004 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 911-917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitomi Okubo ◽  
Satoshi Sasaki
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Basal Metabolic Rate ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Reporting Accuracy ◽  
Diet History Questionnaire

AbstractObjectives:To evaluate the ratio of energy intake to basal metabolic rate (EI/BMR) among young female Japanese adults, and to compare the lifestyle and dietary characteristics between relatively low and high reporters.Design:Dietary intakes were assessed over a 1-month period with a validated, self-administered, diet history questionnaire, and lifestyle variables were assessed by a second questionnaire designed for this survey. The ratio of EI/BMR was calculated from reported energy intake and estimated basal metabolic rate.Subjects:In total, 1889 female Japanese university students aged 18–20 years who were enrolled in dietetics courses.Results:Ninety-five per cent of the subjects were classified into a non-obese group (body mass index (BMI) <25 kg m−2; mean±standard deviation (SD): 20.8±2.6 kg m−2). EI/BMR was 1.43±0.40 (mean±SD). Sixty-eight per cent of the subjects showed an EI/BMR level below the possibly balanced value of 1.56, 37% showed EI/BMR below the minimum survival value of 1.27 and 2% of the subjects showed EI/BMR exceeding the maximum value for a sustainable lifestyle of 2.4. BMI, body weight and BMR decreased significantly with the increase in EI/BMR (P<0.001). The percentage of energy from carbohydrate was significantly higher, whereas those from fat and protein were significantly lower, among the lower EI/BMR groups. As for food groups, a significantly declining trend from the lowest to the highest EI/BMR groups was observed for cereals.Conclusion:Underreporting, rather than overreporting, of energy intake was predominant in this relatively lean Japanese female population. BMI was the most important factor affecting the reporting accuracy of energy intake.

Position Choice by Drift-Feeding Salmonids: Model and Test for Arctic Grayling (Thymallus arcticus) in Subarctic Mountain Streams, Interior Alaska

1990 ◽  
Vol 47 (10) ◽  
pp. 2039-2048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas F. Hughes ◽  
Lawrence M. Dill
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Water Velocity ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Intake Rate ◽  
Arctic Grayling ◽  
Thymallus Arcticus ◽  
Net Energy Intake ◽  
Energy Intake Rate

We develop a model to predict position choice of drift-feeding stream salmonids, assuming a fish chooses the position that maximizes its net energy intake rate. The fish's habitat is represented as a series of stream cross-profiles, each divided into vertical strips characterized by water depth and velocity. The fish may select a focal point in any of these strips, and include several neighbouring strips in its foraging area. The number of prey the fish encounters depends on its reaction distance to prey, water depth, and water velocity; the proportion of detected prey the fish is able to capture declines with water velocity. The fish's net energy intake rate is its gross energy intake rate from feeding minus the swimming cost calculated by using water velocity at the fish's focal point. There was a close match between the positions predicted by this model and those chosen by solitary Arctic grayling (Thymallus arcticus) in the pools of a mountain stream in Alaska.

scholarly journals Energy intake underreporting of adults in a household survey: the impact of using a population specific basal metabolic rate equation

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 777-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Ribeiro de Souza ◽  
Luiz Antonio Anjos ◽  
Vivian Wahrlich ◽  
Mauricio Teixeira Leite de Vasconcellos
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Basal Metabolic Rate ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Specific Equation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Janeiro State

The purpose of the present study was to identify energy intake (EI) underreporting and to estimate the impact of using a population specific equation for the basal metabolic rate (BMR) in a probability sample of adults from Niterói, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. A sample of 1,726 subjects participated in the study. EI was assessed by a 24-hour dietary recall and EI/BMR was computed with BMR estimated using internationally recommended equations as well as specific equations developed for the adult population of Niterói. Mean EI was 1,570.9 and 2,188.8kcal.day-1 for women and men, respectively. EI decreased with increasing age in both men and women. BMR estimated by the Brazilian equation was significantly lower than the values estimated by the international equation for all age, sex and nutritional status groups. In general, EI underreporting was found in at least 50% of the population, higher in women, and increased with increasing age and body mass index (BMI). The results of the present study confirm that EI is underreported, even when BMR is estimated using population-specific equations.

scholarly journals Cracker shape modifies ad libitum snack intake of crackers with cheese dip

2020 ◽  
Vol 124 (9) ◽  
pp. 988-997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arianne van Eck ◽  
Anouk van Stratum ◽  
Dimitra Achlada ◽  
Benoît Goldschmidt ◽  
Elke Scholten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Crossover Design ◽  
Intake Rate ◽  
Eating Rate ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Food Properties ◽  
Moderate Energy ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Energy Intake Rate

AbstractFood and energy intake can be effectively lowered by changing food properties, but little is known whether modifying food shape is sufficient to influence intake. This study investigated the influence of cracker shape and cheese viscosity on ad libitum intake of cracker–cheese combinations. Forty-four participants (thirteen males, 23 (sd 3) years, BMI 21 (sd 2) kg/m2) participated in four late afternoon snack sessions (2 × 2 randomised crossover design). Iso-energetic crackers were baked into flat squares and finger-shape cylindrical sticks and combined with a cheese dip varying in viscosity. Approximately eighty crackers and 500 g cheese dip were served in separate large bowls. Participants consumed crackers with cheese dip ad libitum while watching a movie of 30 min. Dipping behaviour and oral processing behaviour were measured simultaneously by hidden balances under the cheese bowls and video recordings. Cracker intake (28 (sem 1) crackers) of cracker–cheese combinations was not influenced by cracker shape. Cheese intake of cracker–cheese combinations was 15 % higher for flat-squared than finger-shape crackers (131 kJ, P = 0·016), as a larger amount of cheese was scooped with flat-squared crackers (2·9 (sem 0·2) v. 2·3 (sem 0·1) g cheese per dip, P < 0·001) and showed higher eating rate and energy intake rate (P < 0·001). Eating rate over snacking time decreased by reducing bite frequency (P < 0·001) while cheese dip size remained fairly constant (P = 0·12). Larger energy intake from condiments was facilitated by increased cracker surface, and this did not trigger earlier satiation. Changing food carrier surface may be a promising approach to moderate energy intake of often high energy dense condiments, sauces and toppings.

Variation of the basal metabolic rate and dietary energy intake of Colombian women during 1 y

1994 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
G B Spurr ◽  
D L Dufour ◽  
J C Reina ◽  
R G Hoffmann ◽  
C I Waslien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Basal Metabolic Rate ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Dietary Energy Intake ◽  
Colombian Women
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