scholarly journals XIII. Revision of the atomic weight of gold

1889 ◽  
Vol 180 ◽  
pp. 395-441 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Original Work ◽  
Atomic Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Organic Substances ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Gold Compounds ◽  
Chemical Section

Until lately gold ranked among the elementary substances of which the general properties had been well ascertained, but in regard to the atomic weights of which our knowledge was least satisfactory. That this constant should be determined as accurately as possible for gold was desirable in view of its bearing on the precise place assigned the metal in the “periodic” classification of the elements based on the ideas of Newlands, Odling, Mendelejeff, and L. Meyer. Furthermore, an exact know­ ledge of the atomic weight of gold might be conveniently applied in the determination of the atomic weights of some of the other elements. A practical laboratory reason for desiring to possess a trustworthy value for this constant was also presented by the facility with which gold compounds of many organic substances may be prepared, and the ease with which their composition may be ascertained by simple ignition in the air and weighing of the residual gold, the results leading to a knowledge of molecular composition when the atomic value of the weight of the metal obtained is assumed to be known. For the last three years and a half I have been occupied, during a large part of such time as has been available for original work, in devising and carrying out experiments aiming at the redetermination of the constant in question. The difficulties met with have been greater than were at first looked for, and have led to much time and labour being consumed in attempts to overcome them. About two years ago, when this work was already well under way but still in progress, there appeared the results of experiments aiming at the same end, by Kruss in Germany and by Thorpe and Laurie in England—experiments made with the care and accu­racy of modern methods, and apparently deserving of much confidence. My own work, however, was continued, as we cannot have too many careful independent determinations of atomic weights by different workers, and as I had used to a con­siderable extent other procesess than those on which the newly published determina­tions were based, while the chemists named had employed, in the main, one and the same method. A preliminary notice of my work was read in the Chemical Section of the British Association at the Manchester meeting of 1887. The details of my experiments and the results which I have reached are now laid before the Royal Society.

scholarly journals VII. On the partitions of the R -pyramid, being the first class of R -gonous X -edra

1858 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
pp. 145-161 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
The Other

I. As the partitions of an r -gon are made by drawing diagonals , so the partitions of an r -ace are made by drawing diapeds , each a line in two faces non-contiguous about the r -ace. A partitioned r -ace standing on a partitioned r -gon is a partitioned pyramid of r -gonal base and vertex. I am about to determine the number of such partitions of this r -pyramid, that can be made with K diapeds and k diagonals, so that no two partitions shall be syntypous; i. e . one the repetition or the reflected image o f the other. I have proved in a memoir “On Autopolar Polyedra” in the Transactions of the Royal Society for 1857, that the problem of the polyedra reduces itself to the determination of the x -edra generable from the r -pyramid. Such an x -edron is r -gonous.

III.—The Place in Nature of the Tasmanian Aboriginal as deduced from a Study of his Calvarium.—Part I. His Relations to the Anthropoid Apes, Pithecanthropus, Homo primigenius, Homo fossilis, and Homo sapiens

1912 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 41-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. A. Berry ◽  
A. W. D. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Homo Sapiens ◽  
The Other ◽  
Present Material ◽  
Australian Aboriginal ◽  
The World ◽  
The One ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

IN our communication to the Royal Society of Victoria of the 11th March, 1909 (1), describing our recent discovery of forty-two Tasmanian crania hitherto quite unknown to the world of science, we stated that “one of the earliest purposes to which it is proposed to utilise the present material is the determination of the relationship of the Tasmanian to the anthropoids and primitive man on the one hand, and to the Australian aboriginal on the other hand. Schwalbe's study of Pithecanthropus erectus (2) may serve as a basis for the former purpose, and Klaatsch's recent work (3) for the latter, though it must be remembered that innumerable authors have contributed to both subjects.” The present work is the fulfilment of the first part of this undertaking, namely, the determination of the relationship of the Tasmanian to the anthropoids and primitive man.

A New Rubber Particle Count in Hevea Latex

1936 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 644-647
Author(s):  
Earle E. Langeland
Keyword(s):  
Original Work ◽  
Rubber Particle ◽  
Fundamental Property ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rubber Content ◽  
Microscopic Method ◽  
Particle Count ◽  
Rubber Particles ◽  
The One

Abstract SO MUCH confusion has grown up in the literature concerning the number of rubber particles in Hevea latex that at the present time there exists a thousandfold error in the currently published reports (1, 3, 8) of the one original determination of this number. Harries (4), Hauser (5), and Noble (8), each reporting the original work of Henri (6), give a count of 50,000,000 particles per cubic centimeter of latex, Harries not specifying the concentration, while Hauser and Noble indicate it to have been 8.7 per cent solids. On the other hand, Dubosc and Luttringer (2), also reporting the work of Henri, record a count of 50,000,000 particles per cubic millimeter in latex of unspecified concentration. The original paper of Henri (6) reported that he had found an average of 50,000,000 particles per cubic millimeter of latex having a specific gravity of 0.973 and containing 8.7 grams of solids per 100 cc. Preliminary counts undertaken by the author with a view to developing a rapid microscopic method for the determination of the dry rubber content of latex indicated that the results of Henri were considerably low. Since the number of microscopically visible particles is a fundamental property of latex, it was felt that a redetermination of this number would be of value.

scholarly journals The rate of production of helium from radium

1908 ◽  
Vol 81 (547) ◽  
pp. 280-286 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Atomic Weight ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Gaseous Products ◽  
Direct Measurements ◽  
Gas Pressures

Some time ago I communicated a paper to the Society entitled “Note or the Use of the Radiometer in Observing Small Gas Pressures: Application to the Detection of the Gaseous Products produced by Radio-active Bodies.” In the course of the experiments recorded in that paper it was shown that a pressure of the fifty millionth of an atmosphere could easily be detected by radiometer motion, and that the helium produced by radioactive processes from some 10 milligrammes of bromide of radium could be definitely detected after a few hours. This led me to desire some direct measurements of the amount of helium produced by radium, and through the kindness of the Royal Society in allowing me the use of some radium chloride belonging to them I am able to give a condensed abstract of the experimental results so far obtained. The salt employed was the 70 milligrammes of radium chloride prepared by Dr. T. E. Thorpe, P. R. S., for his determination of the atomic weight of radium, the preparation of which is fully described in ‘Roy. Soc. Proc., A, vol. 80, p. 298.

scholarly journals XXIII. On the determination of the constants of the cup anemometer by experiments with a whirling machine

1878 ◽  
Vol 169 ◽  
pp. 777-822 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
The Other ◽  
Royal Irish Academy ◽  
Central Dome ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Cup Anemometer

In a communication to the Royal Irish Academy (Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, December, 1875), in which I examined the experiments made by M. Dohrandt to determine the constants of the cup anemometer by means of Robins’ whirling machine, I expressed a hope that I might have an opportunity of making similar experiments free from some influence which seemed to me objectionable. This opportunity was soon afforded me by a liberal grant from the Donation Fund of the Royal Society. I lost no time in having the necessary apparatus constructed by Mr. Howard Grubb, of Dublin, and I now propose to give the results which I have obtained with it. (1.) I was at first embarrassed by the difficulty of finding a suitable locality for the machine. In the St. Petersburg experiments the anemometers passed in their rotation at unequal distances from the walls of the building, and were too near its roof, which seemed likely to introduce extra disturbances into the air vortex which is formed by the whirl of the machine, and which, as will be seen, is a notable element of uncer­tainty in these investigations. But this was removed by Mr. H. Grubb placing at my disposal the central dome of his works at Rathmines, then recently constructed for mounting the great equatorial which he is making for the Vienna Observatory. Its basis is a regular dodecagon, 42 feet least diameter, and 42 feet from its floor to the summit of the dome. Round it, at 10 feet from the ground, runs a gallery 2 feet wide, with a light iron railing, from which several doors give access to workshops in which polishing and other light work is executed. On the ground, open arches communicate with shops, in which large lathes and other heavy tools are established. This seemed all that I could wish, but, unfortunately, I could have the use of it only till the end of June, when it was wanted for the erection of the equatorial. There were, however, two inconveniences to be feared. One was that the open arches might admit irregular currents of air ; the other was that when heavy turning or planing was going on, tremors were produced in the ground which might be expected to make the friction of the apparatus vary. I supposed, however, that this disturbance would equally affect the motion of the anemometers and the measures of their frictions ; but this influence proved to be of far greater importance than I had anticipated. On the other hand, the vicinity of skilled workmen, ready to make any necessary repairs or any alteration suggested by my experiments, was of great importance, and not less so the help which Mr. Grubb and his assistant, Mr. Vereker, gave me during the whole of this work.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE EFFICIENCY OF MODERN METHODS FOR DETERMINATION OF YOUNG DUCKS SEX

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 175-184
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Bondarenko ◽  
М. I. Shkurko
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
The Other ◽  
Specific Method ◽  
Domestic Duck ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Experimental Researches ◽  
Interspecies Hybrid

Experimental researches were carried out during the years 2012–2017 at the farm "Povit-Agro", Bila Tserkva region, Kyiv Oblast, as well as at other farms. 1390 Ukrainian mulards were bred during these 2 years. Throughout our researches the French mulard was presented with 2425 1-day-old hybrid ducklings. In addition, during the studies, the 1-day-old ducklings of different breeds were assessed, namely ducklings of a domestic duck – 7579 heads, ducklings of a musk duck – 1685 heads. A comparative analysis of the effeciency of modern methods for determining the sex of young ducks of two species and of interspecies hybrid is conducted. It has been found that the highest accuracy of duckling sex determination (100%) of all genotypes is provided by the universal Japanese method (ventsexing), and a specific method - colorsexing (based on genetic markers of down coloring). Sidorov's method (probing of resonator of males) allows to determine the sex of domestic (but not musk) and mullard ducklings with an accuracy of 94–98% at a sorting rate of 300 g/h. The anatomical method is absolutely accurate, but it is associated with young ducks slaughtering. Morphosexing is effective for ducklings of all studied genotypes starting from the 2-month age . Morphosexing is effective for ducklings starting from the 2-month old of all studied genotypes. Beginning from 60 days old, the sex of ducklings of a musk duck, as well as mulards, can be determined due to the color and size of skin folds around the upper part of the beak with an accuracy of 97–99%. For the 2-month old ducklings of a domestic duck, sexual dimorphism is clearly expressed according to the other two features. Males at this age already have two twisted feathers in their tails, and females, unlike males, can quack loudly.

scholarly journals PENGGUNAAN EJAAN PADA JURNAL BUANA PENDIDIKAN, FKIP, UNIVERSITAS PGRI ADI BUANA SURABAYA

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ira Eko Retnosari
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
The Other ◽  
Analysis Process ◽  
New Information ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Descriptive Method

university can communicate new information, ideas, studies, and research results. This journal aims to describe the use of the spelling of Buana Pendidikan journal. This study applies a qualitative approach. The data source of this study is the spelling of Buana Pendidikan journal. The data collecting in this research is done by documentation method. The data collection techniques are (1) the journal collection, (2) copying journal, (3) reading journal, (4) marking with highlighter, (5) classification, (6) coding, and (7) making cards. The data analysis used descriptive method. The stages of data analysis process include (1) the data collection, (2) classification of data, (3) the determination of errors frequency, (4) explanation. The result of this journal which is the use of spelling that contained in Buana Pendidikan journal is good. It can be proved from the inaccuracy use of spelling that mostly are the use of comma, while other punctuations are relatively little. In addition, the other inaccuracies use of spelling are (1) writing capital letters, (2) writing italics, (3) the writing of numbers, (4) writing the word, (5) the use of dots, and (7) the use of commas. This journal is expected to give inputs to the lecturers to be able to use spelling correctly when writing a journal. In writing a journal, the use of spelling should be applied properly

scholarly journals I. Remarks on the atomic weight of beryllium

1883 ◽  
Vol 36 (228-231) ◽  
pp. 462-464
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Determination ◽  
Homologous Series ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Chemical Society ◽  
Atomic Weight ◽  
Atomic Heat

In a reply to a note by Professor Emerson Reynolds “On the Atomic Weight of Glucinum or Beryllium,” presented to the Royal Society by Dr. Frankland on June 7th, 1883, Dr. Humpidge has made some critical observations concerning evidence which I adduced in favour of the value 9 or 9.2. I did not consider that these remarks called for notice at the time, as they were beside the question immediately under discussion, namely, the experimental determination of the atomic heat of the metal, but from the fact that they have been abstracted for various journals, and that greater prominence has been given to them than was perhaps originally intended by the author, I beg to be allowed to comment upon them, as my opinions have been entirely misrepresented. Dr. Humpidge states in allusion to me: “This chemist concludes from his experiments that glucinum is a dyad metal, and that its homologues are calcium, strontium, and barium, elements with which it has not the slightest analogy.” From this sentence it appears probable that Dr. Humpidge was not fully acquainted with the nature of the evidence advanced, which, how­ever, might be excusable, since though the two papers in which it was contained were read at the meetings of the Chemical Society, that “On Homologous Spectra” on March 15th, and that “On the Spectrum of Beryllium” on April 19th, they were not published in the Journal in time for him to have consulted them. The statement quoted above is precisely my argument. “The spec­trum of beryllium exhibits no marked analogy with the calcium, the magnesium, or the aluminium spectra, all of which are members of well-defined homologous series.”

scholarly journals Note on the enhanced lines in the spectrum of α Cygni

1899 ◽  
Vol 64 (402-411) ◽  
pp. 320-322
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Intermediate Temperature ◽  
The Other ◽  
Terrestrial Source

When engaged in the classification of stars, according to their photographic spectra, in 1893 I came across two sets of lines of unknown origin, one in the hottest stars, the other in stars of intermediate temperature. After the discovery of a terrestrial source of helium by Professor Ramsay, I showed in a series of seven notes communicated to the Royal Society, May—September, 1895, that the cleveite gases, which I obtained by the process of distillation, accounted to a very great extent for the first set.

scholarly journals ДИЗАЙН-ПРОЕКТУВАННЯ КОЛЕКЦІЇ ЖІНОЧОГО ОДЯГУ З ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ ПЕРФОРАЦІЇ

2018 ◽  
pp. 120-131
Author(s):  
К. Л. Пашкевич ◽  
Н. Д. Креденець ◽  
А. В. Постельняк ◽  
О. М. Кінчина
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Structural Method ◽  
Design Features ◽  
Women's Clothing ◽  
Complex Approach ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Initial Object

Determination of features design features of the creative collection of women’s clothing using decorative finishes – perforations. The complex approach of the system-structural method and the morphological analysis of the initial object of the investigation with its subsequent synthesis on the basis of the obtained data is applied.  The analysis of the design of clothing collections with various types of modern finishes is carried out, collections of modern Ukrainian and foreign designers are analyzed with the purpose of determining modern methods of production of perforation in clothes and modern fashion trends. The drawings for perforation in clothes and ways of its combination with other types of decoration of the clothing surface are considered. A classification of the types of perforations and methods of its production has been developed, on the basis of which an actual collection of women's clothing with manual perforation has been developed.

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