scholarly journals Antimicrobial resistance Salmonella isolates recovered from food products of animal origin in the Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (7A) ◽  
Author(s):  
Galina Skitovich ◽  
Kseniya Serova ◽  
Yevgenia Korchagina ◽  
Natalya Shadrova
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Acid Resistance ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Nalidixic Acid Resistance

The study was aimed at Salmonella isolation from samples of animal food products submitted for testing from various regions of the Central part of the RF and serotyping of the recovered isolates and their testing for antibiotic resistance. A total of 2,342 tests were performed and 87 (3.7%) Salmonella isolates were recovered. Most of them (54 isolates) were recovered from poultry meat and poultry meat preparation samples submitted for testing. Besides, 25 isolates were recovered from pork and pork preparation samples, 7 isolates – from beef samples, 1 isolate – from hard cheese samples. Serotyping of 64 Salmonella isolates showed that the majority of the isolates (57.8%) belonged to О7 group. Also, Salmonella isolates belonging to О9 (21.9%), О8 (9.4%), О4,5 (6.2%) and О10 (4.7%) were detected in food products. S. Enteritidis, (23.3%), and S. infantis (18.7%), were predominant based on the number of detections. Also, the following serovars were identified: S. typhimurium, S. nigeria, S. montevideo, S. derby, S. meleagridis, S. virchov, S. oranienburg. Tests of 87 Salmonella isolates for their antibiotic resistance with disk diffusion method revealed that they were highly resistant to nalidixic acid (70.1%), tetracycline (49.4%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazol (40.2%). Moreover, nalidixic acid-resistance was common for all identified isolates. Seventeen isolates (19.5%) demonstrated multiple antibiotic resistance and two isolates were found to be resistant to ≥7 antibiotics. All recovered isolates were susceptible to gentamicin, amikacin, meropenem and imipenem. Obtained results indicate the necessity of Salmonella antibiotic resistance monitoring to gain understanding of Salmonellas’ antibiotic resistance emergence and trends.

scholarly journals Detection of Decreased Fluoroquinolone Susceptibility in Salmonellas and Validation of Nalidixic Acid Screening Test

1999 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 3572-3577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antti Hakanen ◽  
Pirkko Kotilainen ◽  
Jari Jalava ◽  
Anja Siitonen ◽  
Pentti Huovinen
Keyword(s):  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Acid Resistance ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
National Committee ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Similar Association ◽  
Nalidixic Acid Resistance

We evaluated 1,010 Salmonella isolates classified as fluoroquinolone susceptible according to the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards guidelines for susceptibility to nalidixic acid and three fluoroquinolones. These isolates were divided into two distinct subpopulations, with the great majority (n = 960) being fully ciprofloxacin susceptible and a minority (n = 50) exhibiting reduced ciprofloxacin susceptibility (MICs ranging between 0.125 and 0.5 μg/ml). The less ciprofloxacin-susceptible isolates were uniformly resistant to nalidixic acid, while only 12 (1.3%) of the fully susceptible isolates were nalidixic acid resistant. A similar association was observed between resistance to nalidixic acid and decreased susceptibility to ofloxacin or norfloxacin. A mutation of the gyrA gene could be demonstrated in all isolates for which the ciprofloxacin MICs were ≥0.125 μg/ml and in 94% of the nalidixic acid-resistant isolates but in none of the nalidixic acid-susceptible isolates analyzed. Identification of nalidixic acid resistance by the disk diffusion method provided a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 87.3% as tools to screen for isolates for which the MICs of ciprofloxacin were ≥0.125 μg/ml. We regard it as important that microbiology laboratories endeavor to recognize these less susceptibleSalmonella strains, in order to reveal their clinical importance and to survey their epidemic spread.

scholarly journals REVIEW OF FIFTY CULTURE PROVEN SALMONELLA CASES

2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Shalini Duggal ◽  
Priyanka Banerjee ◽  
Tulsi D. Chugh
Keyword(s):  
Acid Resistance ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Total Leukocyte Count ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Antibacterial Susceptibility ◽  
Culture Positive ◽  
Nalidixic Acid Resistance

<p><strong>BACKGROUND:</strong> Enteric fever has huge global burden. Surrogate markers may have a role in early diagnosis. <strong>AIM:</strong> Unselected retrospective analysis of 50 culture positive Salmonella enterica cases for epidemiology, laboratory<br />markers, antibacterial susceptibility, therapy, and outcome was done. This was a retrospective chart review of electronic medical records for 50 patients with Salmonella in blood cultures for in our hospital during May 2009-April 2010. <strong>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</strong> Blood culture was by automated Bactec™ system and antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed by disk diffusion method or automated system Phoenix 100™. Sensitivity of Widal, S. typhi IgM, C-reactive protein (CRP), total leukocyte count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), differential eosinophil and lymphocyte counts, and liver enzymes, was determined for these cases. <strong>RESULTS:</strong> Salmonella cases were seen in all ages from 8 months to 59 years; serotype Typhi was the most common (72%). Sensitivity of S. typhi IgM immunochromatographic test was 78.9%, of Widal was 88.8%, and that of CRP, serum aspartate transaminase (AST), and serum alanine transaminase (ALT) ranged from 81.8 to 89.4%. Eosinophil count of zero and ESR were found to be 78.2% and 85.7% sensitive. Nalidixic acid resistance was seen in 96% cases and ciprofloxacin resistance/intermediate sensitivity in 26% cases. Resistance was not seen with ceftriaxone, while ampicillin, chloramphenicol, and co-trimoxazole (ACCo) resistance was 4%. Seven cases relapsed mostly due to improper treatment associated with choice/dose/duration of antibiotics. <strong>CONCLUSIONS:</strong> Surrogate laboratory markers can be utilized pending culture results. Though antibiotics and vaccines against Salmonella, and good sanitation facilities are available, it causes morbidity in all sections, gender, and ages of society. Strategies of prevention have not been very successful; therefore, early detection and effective treatment can prevent its complications and relapses.</p>

Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Listeria monocytogenes Isolated in Chicken Slaughterhouses in Northern Greece

2011 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 1017-1021 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. SAKARIDIS ◽  
N. SOULTOS ◽  
E. IOSSIFIDOU ◽  
A. PAPA ◽  
I. AMBROSIADIS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
The Other ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Northern Greece ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
High Prevalence

This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Listeria monocytogenes recovered from chicken carcasses in slaughterhouses in Northern Greece. A total of 100 poultry samples (300 carcasses) were examined for Listeria spp. The samples were neck skin taken from four different slaughterhouses in Northern Greece. Forty samples were also taken from the environment of the slaughterhouses. Identification of L. monocytogenes was carried out by PCR and fingerprinting of the isolates by random amplified polymorphic DNA. L. monocytogenes strains isolated from chicken carcasses and from the environment of the slaughterhouses were also examined for antibiotic resistance. Fifty-five isolates of L. monocytogenes were tested for susceptibility to 20 antibiotics using the disk diffusion method. Listeria spp. were present in 99 of the poultry samples tested (99%), and 38 yielded L monocytogenes (38%). L. monocytogenes was also isolated in 80% of samples from the environment of a certain slaughterhouse, while the other slaughterhouses were found to be contaminated only with Listeria spp. All isolates were resistant to nalidixic acid and oxolinic acid, the majority of them to clindamycin, and only a few to tetracycline and oxytetracycline, whereas they were found to be susceptible to all other antimicrobials. The results of this study demonstrate a high prevalence of L. monocytogenes contamination in chicken carcasses, and all isolates were found to be sensitive to the antimicrobials most commonly used to treat human listeriosis.

scholarly journals Resistance of Salmonella spp. isolated from poultry meat to antimicrobial drugs

2021 ◽  
Vol 854 (1) ◽  
pp. 012042
Author(s):  
V Kalaba ◽  
T Ilic ◽  
B Golic ◽  
D Kalaba ◽  
Z Sladojevic
Keyword(s):  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Transfer Resistance

Abstract Uncontrolled use of antimicrobials in the prophylaxis and treatment of human and animal diseases leads to the appearance of residues in the environment and food. The use of antimicrobials as growth promoters in breeding affirms the importance of their residual finding in foods of animal origin. Bacteria of the genus Salmonella are one of the most common causes of food poisoning. All species of this genus are pathogenic to humans and cause various diseases known as salmonellosis. Humans can become infected through the faecal-oral route by consuming contaminated food and water or by direct contact with an animal. Salmonella that are resistant to antimicrobial drugs can transfer resistance genes to other microorganisms. In this work, the resistance of 10 Salmonella isolates from poultry meat to 8 different antimicrobial substances was examined by the disk diffusion method. All Salmonella isolates were sensitive to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and chloramphenicol. All isolates were resistant to amoxicillin and significant percentages were resistant to other antimicrobial drugs. Also, multi-drug resistance of Salmonella isolates was found. The best prevention of salmonellosis in humans is constant and comprehensive control of this hazard in food products during production, processing, storage, and sale.

scholarly journals Analysis of the results of the study on the presence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus (MRSA) in food products of animal origin

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (87) ◽  
pp. 112-115
Author(s):  
T. Kozytska ◽  
T. Garkavenko
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Methodological Guidelines

The frequency of Staphylococcus aureus resistance to antibiotics (AB) has significant differences in different countries and geographical regions. The main problem is represented by strains of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus (MRSA), resistant to many ABs. Often, MRSA is transmitted to humans through animal food products. Purpose: investigate animal foods for S. aureus and detect methicillin-resistant strains. Food research was carried out according to ISO 6888-1, ISO 6888-2, MW 15.2-5.3-004:2007, State standard 10444.2. The material for further research was the isolates of S. aureus isolated from different groups of food products of animal origin. Disks containing methicillin (30 mg) and oxacillin (5 mg) and Müller-Hinton nutrient medium were used to determine the sensitivity to AB. The research was conducted by disc diffusion method in accordance with the Methodological Guidelines «Determination of microorganism sensitivity to antibacterial preparations» dated 12/25/2014. In addition, the data of the state veterinary report on the study of milk of cows and determination of antibiotic resistance of cultures isolated from it in 2017 were analyzed. A study on the presence of coagulase-positive Staphylococcus was carried out in food products of animal origin during 2016–2017. During this period, 58 isolates of S. aureus were identified, of which 7 were classified as MRSA, which was an average of 12.1 % of all isolated cultures. The highest amount of MRSA is isolated from chicken meat – 29.0% and meat products – 20.0%, ready-to-eat fish – 16.7% and meat mincer – 6.1%. The 2017 report on antibiotic resistance from all regions of Ukraine was also analyzed for the detection of S. aureus strains resistant to oxacillin. These data were available only for S. aureus isolated from milk from cows suffering from subclinical mastitis. Of the 47 strains of S. aureus, 22 (46.8%) were methicillin-resistant. MRSA poses a serious threat to the health of humans and animals and may be transmitted through food. There is no monitoring system in Ukraine on the detection of resistant strains in food products. A single list of ABs according to which laboratories conducted sensitivity tests was not approved. Therefore, in most cases, the sensitivity of Staphylococcus to oxacillin/methicillin is not determined. We found that, on average, MRSA from animal foods of animal origin in Ukraine is found in 12.1% of cases. Milk of animals, that suffer from subclinical forms of mastitis, can serve as a source of MRSA for humans, because it was detected in 46.8% of cases.

SENSITIVITY TO ANTIBIOTICS OF BACTERIA OF THE GENUS KLEBSIELLA ISOLATED FROM FOODS

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-68
Author(s):  
A. A. Stankevich ◽  
◽  
I. B. Bykova ◽  
N. R. Efimochkina ◽  
I. M. Netyaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Tetracycline Antibiotics ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics ◽  
Resistant Strains

Antibiotic resistance of enterobacteria contaminating food products of animal origin has become one of the serious health problems in recent years. Increased resistance of bacteria of Klebsiella genus to antimicrobials leads to their adaptation and spread of high - and multi-resistant strains. The study of 44 samples of poultry meat, dairy products and food established that the frequency of detection of Klebsiella is 22%. Most of the isolated food isolates were sensitive to beta-lactam antibiotics, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones and chloramphenicol. In 30% of cases resistance of Кlebsiell food isolates to penicillin and ampicillin, tetracycline antibiotics, gentamicin, streptomycin and nitrofurantoin was found. The presence of dissociation processes of Klebsiella food isolates and antibiotic resistance formation is shown.

scholarly journals Incidence and Antibiotic Resistance Properties of Campylobacter Species Isolated From Poultry Meat

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-65
Author(s):  
Ali Sabzmeydani ◽  
Ebrahim Rahimi ◽  
Amir Shakerian
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Contamination Rate ◽  
Wild Duck ◽  
Campylobacter Species ◽  
Meat Samples ◽  
Campylobacter Spp

Background: F Campylobacter species are imperative foodborne bacteria because of the contaminated poultry meat consumption. Objectives: This study was conducted to recognize the incidence and antimicrobial resistance profile of Campylobacter species recovered from raw poultry meat samples. Materials and Methods: A total of 695 poultry meat samples were collected and assessed by culture technique. Bacterial species were identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Antimicrobial resistance was assessed by disk diffusion method (DDM). Results: The contamination rate of samples with Campylobacter spp. was 44.75% with higher contamination rate of wild duck (84%), wild goose (83.33%), coot (78.26%), chicken (67.78%), and wild pheasant (66.66%), respectively. Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli bacteria were found in 84.24% and 15.76% of Campylobacter spp., respectively. The highest incidence of C. jejuni was obtained in partridge (95.45%), quail (95%), pheasant (92.31%), and wild duck (90.48%) meat samples, respectively. The highest incidence of C. coli was found in turkey (52.63%) and wild pheasant (22.22%) meat samples, respectively. Moreover, C. jejuni had the highest resistance to tetracycline (76.34%), nalidixic acid (65.65%), ciprofloxacin (58.78%), enrofloxacin (39.69%), and ampicillin (38.55%), respectively. C. coli had the highest resistance to nalidixic acid (48.99%), ciprofloxacin (40.82%), and enrofloxacin (38.78%), respectively. Conclusion: Poultry meat, particularly partridge, quail, pheasant, turkey, and wild avian are the main sources of Campylobacter transmission. Furthermore, higher incidence and antibiotic resistance of C. jejuni was found. Proper cooking of poultry meat and monitoring the antibiotic prescription can lessen the occurrence of antibiotic-resistant Campylobacter spp. in poultry meat.

scholarly journals Nalidixic Acid Susceptibility Test for Screening Salmonella Isolates of Reduced Susceptibility/Higher Minimum Inhibitory Concentration to Ciprofloxacin

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Agrawal ◽  
R. Tuladhar ◽  
N. Dahal
Keyword(s):  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Enteric Fever ◽  
Acid Resistance ◽  
Susceptibility Test ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Test ◽  
Nalidixic Acid Resistance

Enteric fever is the major diagnosis among febrile patients in Nepal with yearly increase in nalidixic acid resistance and reduced ciprofloxacin susceptibility among Salmonella isolates. This study was carried out to evaluate the validity of nalidixic acid resistance as an indicator of reduced susceptibility of Salmonella isolates to ciprofloxacin. In this study, 999 blood specimens collected from suspected enteric fever patients visiting B&B Hospital were processed by standard microbiological techniques. Isolates were identified by biochemical tests and serotyping. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method and CLSI recommended interpretive criteria. MIC of ciprofloxacin was determined by agar dilution method. Isolation rate of Salmonella species was 6.21%. Among 62 Salmonella isolates, 51 were S. typhi, 10 were S. paratyphi A and one isolate was S. paratyphi B. Only one isolate of S. typhi was multi-drug resistant. Resistance to ceftriaxone, cefixime and azithromycin was nil. On disc diffusion test, 55 isolates were resistant to nalidixic acid. Fifty-seven isolates were found to have increased (>0.125mg/ml) MIC of ciprofloxacin with the clinical and laboratory standards institute breakpoints. Nalidixic acid resistance showed a predictive value of 100% for ciprofloxacin resistance. Screening with nalidixic acid disc had a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 71.43% for the determination of decreased ciprofloxacin susceptibility. Before using ciprofloxacin for the treatment of enteric fever, appropriate identification of Salmonella isolates with reduced ciprofloxacin susceptibility is essential to limit the possible treatment failure and further development of highly resistant strains.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/njst.v15i2.12122Nepal Journal of Science and Technology Vol. 15, No.2 (2014) 97-104

scholarly journals Incidence of Quinolone Resistance Over the Period 1986 to 1998 in Veterinary Salmonella Isolates from Germany

1999 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
pp. 2278-2282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burkhard Malorny ◽  
Andreas Schroeter ◽  
Reiner Helmuth
Keyword(s):  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Phage Type ◽  
Acid Resistance ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Fluoroquinolone Resistance ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Paratyphi B ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Nalidixic Acid Resistance

ABSTRACT A total of 24,591 nonhuman salmonella strains isolated in Germany between 1986 and 1998 were examined for their resistance to nalidixic acid by an agar diffusion method. The rate of resistance (inhibition zone, ≤13 mm) ranged from 0.2% in 1986 to a peak of 14.8% in 1990. Between 1991 and 1998 the MICs for nalidixic acid-resistant strains ranged from more than 256 μg/ml for nalidixic acid to between 0.25 and 128 μg/ml for enrofloxacin. In the early 1990s a particularly high incidence of fluoroquinolone resistance (49.5%) was seen among isolates of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium (Salmonella Typhimurium) definitive phage type 204c that mainly originated from cattle. Among isolates from poultry an increase in the incidence of nalidixic acid resistance to a peak of 14.4% was observed in 1994. This peak was due to the presence of specific resistant serotypes, mainly serotypes Hadar, Saintpaul, Paratyphi B (d-tartrate positive; formerly serotype Java) and Newport. Such strains exhibited a decreased susceptibility to enrofloxacin (MIC, 1 μg/ml). Among isolates from pigs the peak incidence of resistance was reached in 1993, with 7.5% of isolates resistant to nalidixic acid and enrofloxacin. The study demonstrates an increase in the incidence of strains that are resistant to nalidixic acid and that have decreased susceptibility to enrofloxacin after the licensing of enrofloxacin. In addition, the number of other serotypes that exhibited nalidixic acid resistance or reduced enrofloxacin susceptibility increased among the total number of isolates investigated between 1992 and 1998.

Occurrence and Antibiotic Resistance of Arcobacter Species Isolates from Poultry in Tunisia

2020 ◽  
Vol 83 (12) ◽  
pp. 2080-2086
Author(s):  
HELA JRIBI ◽  
HANEN SELLAMI ◽  
SALHA B. AMOR ◽  
ASTRID DUCOURNAU ◽  
ELODIE SIFRÉ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Species Classification ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Maldi Tof Ms ◽  
Maldi Tof ◽  
Tof Ms

ABSTRACT Arcobacter is considered an emergent foodborne enteropathogen. Despite the high prevalence of this genus in poultry, the occurrence of Arcobacter spp. contamination in Tunisia remains unclear. The objectives of this study were (i) to isolate Arcobacter species (A. butzleri and A. cryaerophilus) by the culture method from different species of raw poultry meat, (ii) to verify the isolates by multiplex PCR (m-PCR) assay and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization–time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), and (iii) to determine the antibiotic resistance profiles of the isolates. A total of 250 poultry product samples (149 chicken and 101 turkey) were collected from various supermarkets in Sfax. The samples consisted of breasts, wings, legs, and neck skins. The overall isolation frequency of Arcobacter spp. was 10.4%. Arcobacter spp. were found in 13.42% of the chicken samples and in 5.49% of the turkey samples. All the acquired isolates were subject to detailed confirmation with subsequent species classification using m-PCR and MALDI-TOF MS. A. butzleri was found in 22 samples (84.61%) and A. cryaerophilus in 4 samples (15.38%). Thus, m-PCR and MALDI-TOF MS were able to detect A. butzleri significantly better than the conventional method (χ2 = 49.1 and P &lt; 0.001). Arcobacter was isolated from poultry in every season, at contamination levels of 30.76, 23.07, 19.23, and 26.92% in summer, spring, autumn, and winter, respectively. The disk diffusion method was used to determine the susceptibility of Arcobacter isolates to six antimicrobial drugs. All A. butzleri isolates (n = 24) were significantly resistant to erythromycin (P = 0.0015), ampicillin (P = 0.001), and ciprofloxacin (P = 0.05). All tested A. cryaerophilus strains (n = 4) were susceptible to ampicillin, gentamicin, and amoxicillin–clavulanic acid. Multidrug resistance was observed in 83% of the Arcobacter spp. isolates. Our study detected Arcobacter spp. in Tunisian poultry; because of their multidrug resistance, these species may constitute a public health problem. HIGHLIGHTS

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