scholarly journals Comparative phytotoxicity and chironomid toxicity assessments of leaf successive extract fractions of Asiatic poison bulb, Crinum asiaticum L

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Souren Goswami ◽  
Sanjib Ray
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Meristematic Tissue ◽  
Aqueous Fraction ◽  
Extract Fraction ◽  
Potent Growth ◽  
Crinum Asiaticum

AbstractCrinum asiaticum is an evergreen bulbous perennial shrub of Amaryllidaceae family with ethnomedicinal importance and our earlier study described a comparative account antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of the different solvent-mediated sequential extract fractions. The present study aimed to analyze their comparative account of induced phytotoxicity and chironomid toxicity. For phytotoxicity assessment, germination inhibition and seedling’s root and shoot growth retardation effects on Triticum aestivum and Cicer arietinum were analyzed and for lethal concentration determination, the freshwater bottom-dwelling first instars chironomid larvae were used. The crude aqueous, petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extracts showed significant toxic effects on both meristematic tissue and aquatic midges. The phytotoxic assays indicate that the ethyl acetate fraction contains the most potent growth inhibitors, followed by the crude aqueous and petroleum ether fractions. The last aqueous fraction was found to be the least toxic, the highest LC50 and LT50 values and ethyl acetate extract fraction having highest toxicity. Thus the present study supplements to our earlier report, that indicated the last aqueous extract fraction of C. asiaticum has potent antioxidant and antibacterial potentials as well as its prospective use in livestock maintenance, as it is least toxic and the ethyl acetate extract, the most toxic fraction identified here, is needed to explore for pharmaceutical importance.

QUANTIFICATION OF TOTAL PHENOLS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY IN CLEMATIS ERECTA AERIAL PARTS

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (12) ◽  
pp. 52-54
Author(s):  
R. Chawla ◽  
◽  
D. Kumar ◽  
K Rana ◽  
H. Joshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Butanol Fraction ◽  
Aerial Parts

The present investigation was planned to estimate total phenols and antioxidant activity in Clematis erecta aerial parts. Properly identified powdered plant was successively extracted in Soxhlet apparatus with solvents in order of increasing polarity viz., petroleum ether, chloroform, methanol and water. Ethyl acetate fraction and 1-butanol fraction of methanol extract were prepared using standardized procedure. Quantification of phenols was done on the basis of standard curve of gallic acid using standardized procedures. In vitro antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH assay in comparison to standard drug rutin. Maximum phenols content and antioxidant activity was found in ethyl acetate fraction followed by methanol extract and 1-butanol fraction, whereas negligible phenols content and antioxidant activity was observed in petroleum ether, chloroform and water extracts. The available literature reveals that polyphenols have been reported to possess antioxidant properties. Finally, it can be concluded that these polyphenols may be responsible for antioxidant properties.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Screening, Cytotoxicity, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Stem and Leave Extracts of Euphorbia Heterophylla.

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Okeniyi S.O. ◽  
Adedoyin B. J ◽  
Garba S
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Hexane Fraction ◽  
Cytotoxicity Test ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Strong Activity ◽  
Aqueous Fraction ◽  
Butanol Fraction ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay

Phytochemical screening carried out on the stem and leave extracts of Euphorbia heterophylla (Euphorbieacea) confirmed the presence of Carbohydrates, gycosides, reducing sugar, saponins, taninns, phlobatanins, cardiac glycosides, steroids, triterpenes, and flavonoid. cytotoxicity test using brine shrimp lethality assay gave the LC50 value (µg/cm3 ) are 20.67, 25.07, 158.56,and 176.55 for n-Hexane fraction, Ethyl Acetate fraction, Butanol fraction and Aqueous fraction of the stem while 23.50, 30.20, 164.10 and 179.80 for n-hexane fraction, Ethyl Acetate fraction, Butanol fraction and Aqueous fraction of the leave extracts. The results of antioxidant properties of the stem and leaves extracts showed that the extracts exhibited strong activity as a radical scavenger in the experiment using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl radical (DPPH) indicating that the plant has strong ability to donate hydrogen when compared with the standard butyrate hydroxyl anisole (BHA). The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was carried out against Staphylococcus aureus, E.coli , Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pneumonia, and Candida albicans, the results showed moderate to low activity for the test organisms.

scholarly journals ANTIFUNGAL, ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT COMPONENTS OF ETHYL ACETATE EXTRACT OF QUINOA STEM

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-130
Author(s):  
Iqra Haider Khan ◽  
Arshad Javaid
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Dibutyl Phthalate ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Chenopodium Quinoa ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Benzenedicarboxylic Acid

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa L.) is a recently introduced pseudocereal crop in Pakistan. In the present study, methanolic extract was partitioned with n-hexane, chloroform and finally with ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate fraction was subjected to GC-MS analysis for the identification of various antimicrobial and antioxidant constituents. Thirteen compounds were identified through GC-MS analysis of this fraction. Among these, 11 compounds possessed antibacterial, antifungal and/or antioxidant properties as reported in literature. These include naphthalene; tetradecane; hexadecane; pentadecane; cyclohexadecane; 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-methylpropyl) ester; dibutyl phthalate; 1-nonadecene; 1-octadecanol; 9-hexacosene; and 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, mono(2-ethylhexyl) ester. 

scholarly journals Sustainable Biosynthesis of Antioxidants from Koji Rice Fermented with Aspergillus flavus Using Microwave-Assisted Extraction

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 430
Author(s):  
Hassan Hadi Mehdi Al Rubaiy ◽  
Ammar Altemimi ◽  
Ali Khudair Jaber Al Rikabi ◽  
Naoufal Lakhssassi ◽  
Anubhav Pratap-Singh
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Microwave Assisted Extraction ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Assisted Extraction

The present study proposes microwave-assisted extraction as a sustainable technique for the biosynthesis of bioactive compounds from rice fermented with Aspergillus flavus (koji). First, fermentation conditions (i.e., pH from 3–12, five temperatures from 20–40 °C, and four culture-fermentation media viz. wheat, wheat bran, malt and rice) were optimized for producing microbial bioactive compounds. Microwave extraction was performed at 2450 MHz and 500 W for 20, 30, and 40 s with seven solvents (distilled water, ethyl acetate, hexane, ethanol, chloroform, diethyl ether, and methanol). The obtained results revealed that ethyl acetate is the most appropriate solvent for extraction. Effects of this ethyl acetate extract were compared with a commercial synthetic antioxidant. Antioxidant properties were enhanced by preventing the oxidation of the linoleic acid (C18H32O2) with an inhibition rate (antioxidant efficacy) of 73.13%. Notably, the ferrous ion binding ability was marginally lower when compared to the disodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). Additionally, the obtained total content of phenolic compounds in the ethyl acetate extract of fermented rice (koji) by Aspergillus flavus was 232.11 mg based on gallic acid/mL. Antioxidant compounds in the ethyl acetate extract of fermented rice showed stability under neutral conditions, as well as at high temperatures reaching 185 °C during 2 h, but were unstable under acidic and alkaline conditions. The results demonstrate the efficacy of novel microwave-assisted extraction technique for accelerating antioxidant production during rice fermentation.

Comparative free radical scavenging and hypoglycemic activities of n-hexane, ethyl-acetate, and aqueous fractions of Azanza garckeana pulp

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Abubakar A. Yusuf ◽  
Toheeb D. Yissa ◽  
Abdulhakeem Rotimi Agboola ◽  
Sodiq M Balogun ◽  
Peter O. Adeboye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Hypoglycemic Effect ◽  
Hexane Fraction ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Aqueous Fraction ◽  
Dpph Scavenging ◽  
Glucose Reduction

Background: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is increasing on a global trend. The aim of the present study is to identify the most effective antioxidants and hypoglycemic fraction of Azanza garckeana. Methods: The fractions (nhexane or ethyl-acetate or aqueous) of A. garckeana were administered to the alloxan-induced diabetic rats at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg for 15 days. Antioxidants activities were evaluated at concentrations of 62.5, 125, 250, and 500 µg/mL using the DPPH scavenging assay. Results: Results revealed that both the hexane, ethyl-acetate, and aqueous fractions exhibited hypoglycemic and antioxidants activities in a dose-dependent manner. The n-hexane fraction demonstrated highest percentage DPPH scavenging effect of 26.34±3.43, 38.44±4.35, 59.34±3.45, and 74.83±5.35 at 62.5, 125, 250, and 500 µg/mL respectively. The ethyl-acetate fraction demonstrated 19.33±2.98, 28.94±3.24, 47.34±2.90, and 57.82±4.54 respectively while the aqueous fraction exhibited the least activities of 12.45±23.45, 18.64±2.94, 27.94±3.89, and 39.43±3.89 at concentrations of 62.5, 125, 250, and 500 µg/mL respectively. In addition, the n-hexane fraction demonstrated the most significant hypoglycemic effect with the highest glucose reduction of 58.97 ±3.45 %, 63.86±5.35 %, and 66.51±4.35 %, ethyl acetate fraction demonstrated glucose reduction of 7.55±0.54%, 21.77±2.35 %, and 29.56±3.46 % while the aqueous fraction demonstrated the least hypoglycemic effect of 9.89±2.67 %, 18.09±3.45 %, and 18.87±3.24 at 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg bw respectively. Conclusion: The n-hexane fraction of Azanza garckeana extract could serve as a reservoir of bioactive agents that could be useful for the development of a new anti-diabetic agent

Identification of phytoconstituents of Tragia involucrata leaf extracts and evaluate their correlation with anti-inflammatory & antioxidant properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinodhini Velu ◽  
Swagata Banerjee ◽  
Vidya Rajendran ◽  
Gaurav Gupta ◽  
Dinesh Kumar Chellappan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Petroleum Ether Extract ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Membrane Stabilization ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Aims: The present investigation was aimed at exploring the phytoconstituents using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy and to evaluate antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of the leaf extracts. Materials and Methods: The extracts were obtained sequentially with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and water using soxhlet apparatus. The anti-inflammatory property of the identified compounds using GC- MS spectroscopy was evaluated in silico. The antioxidant activity was performed by DPPH and H2O2 method whereas anti-inflammatory study was carried out by HRBC membrane stabilization method. Terpenoids were found to be major constituents in petroleum ether extract while, phenols and flavonoids were predominantly found in ethyl acetate extract. Results and Discussion: The GC-MS analysis of the extract revealed six major molecules including Squalene, 19β, 28- epoxyleanan-3-ol and 2-tu-Butyl-5-chloromethyl-3-methyl-4-oxoimidazolidine-1-carboxylic acid. The ethyl acetate extract showed a significant antioxidant activity (P<0.01) in both DPPH method (70.87 %) and H2O2 method (73.58%) at 200 µg mL-1 . Increased membrane stabilization of petroleum ether extract was observed in the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity study. A strong relationship between the terpenoid content and anti-inflammatory activity was obtained from the correlation (0.971) and docking study. Conclusion: These results justify T. involucrata to be a rich source of terpenoids with potent antiinflammatory property.

HPLC Analysis and Antioxidant Properties of Algerian Lepidium draba Ethyl acetate Extract

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-271
Author(s):  
Bensaid Sara Ouissem ◽  
Bicha Sabrina ◽  
Benmekhebi Lotfi ◽  
Rebbas Khellaf ◽  
Bensouici Chawki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Hplc Analysis ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Lepidium Draba

scholarly journals Antioxidant activity test of ethyl acetate fraction of binjai (Mangifera Caesia) leaf ethanol extract

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
K. Khairiah ◽  
Irham Taufiqurrahman ◽  
Deby Kania Tri Putri
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Linear Connection ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Control Group

Background: Binjai (Mangifera caesia) is a herb derived from South Kalimantan possessing antioxidant properties which promote wound healing inhibiting oxidation radicals. The natural antioxidants present in binjai leaves can be extracted by fractionation. Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the antioxidant activity of ethyl acetate fraction in 96% ethanol extract of binjai leaf. Methods: The study constituted a pure experimental study incorporating a post-test design with only random sampling technique consisting of two groups, namely; an ethyl acetate fraction as the treatment group and ascorbic acid as the positive control group. The leaves were treated in accordance with the soxhlet method and subsequently fractionated to extract ethyl acetate fraction. This was used to measure antioxidant activity with DPPH radical damping method using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. A linear regression calculation was performed with a standard curve to quantify the IC50 value, before the ethyl acetate fraction underwent a qualitative test of secondary metabolite. Results: An independent t-test indicated significant differences between groups, an average value of IC50 in ascorbic acid of 13.812 ppm with 0.996 linearity and a fraction of ethyl acetate 38.526 ppm with a linearity of 0.999. In contrast, at this linearity value ascorbic acid and ethyl fraction acetate demonstrate a very high linear connection between concentration and inhibition. A secondary metabolite test conducted on the ethyl acetate fraction produced positive results for flavonoid, tannins, and phenol. Conclusion: Based on the IC50 parameters, the fraction of ethyl acetate in 96% ethanol extract of binjai leaf produces very strong antioxidant activity in the content of the compounds in the fraction, namely: flavonoid, tannins and phenol.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities against Enterobacter cloacae of extracts of Eclipta alba Hassk.

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 76-83
Author(s):  
Trang Thi Xuan Dai ◽  
Anh Thi Tu Vo
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antioxidant Vitamin ◽  
Eclipta Alba

This study was subjected to investigate antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of Eclipta alba extracts (methanol, hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts). The antioxidant property of the extract was assessed by 2,2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging method. Kirby-Bauer method was used to determine the antibacterial activity against Enterobacter cloacae of the extracts. The extracts of Eclipta alba were tested against E. cloacae. The highest antibacterial potentiality was exhibited by the ethyl acetate extract of E. alba leaves, means of zones of bacterial growth inhibition are 26.3 mm at a concentration of 32 μg/mL. DPPH free radical scavenging effect of the extracts was compared with standard antioxidant vitamin C. The highest antioxidant activity was exhibited by the ethyl acetate extract of E. alba leaves. The result also showed that the DPPH scavenging activity of ethyl acetate extract from leaves of E. alba was high (EC50 = 419.38 μg/mL). However, this result was 18.99 times lower than that of vitamin C (EC50 = 22.08 μg/mL).

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