scholarly journals Evolutionary insights into a non-coding deletion of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianing Yang ◽  
Guoqing Zhang ◽  
Dalang Yu ◽  
Ruifang Cao ◽  
Xiaoxian Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Tree ◽  
N Protein ◽  
The Core ◽  
Insight Into

The SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern B.1.1.7 has quickly spread. To identify its crucial mutations, we explored the B.1.1.7 associated mutations on an evolutionary tree by the Coronavirus GenBrowser and VENAS. We found that a non-coding deletion g.a28271-, at upstream of the nucleocapsid (N) gene, has triggered the high transmissibility of B.1.1.7. The deletion changes the core Kozak site of the N gene and may reduce the expression of N protein and increase that of ORF9b. The expression of ORF9b is also regulated by another mutation (g.gat28280cta) that mutates the core Kozak sites of the ORF9b gene. If both mutations back-mutate, the B.1.1.7 variant loses its high transmissibility. Moreover, the deletion may interact with ORF1a:p.SGF3675-, S:p.P681H, and S:p.T716I to increase the viral transmissibility. Overall, these results demonstrate the importance of the non-coding deletion and provide evolutionary insight into the crucial mutations of B.1.1.7.

Will Love Tear Us Apart: Adapting the Lyrical to the Ludic

CounterText ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-235
Author(s):  
Gordon Calleja
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Game Design ◽  
Digital Games ◽  
Design Decisions ◽  
The Core ◽  
Lyrical Poetry ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Made In

This paper gives an insight into the design process of a game adaptation of Joy Division's Love Will Tear Us Apart (1980). It outlines the challenges faced in attempting to reconcile the diverging qualities of lyrical poetry and digital games. In so doing, the paper examines the design decisions made in every segment of the game with a particular focus on the tension between the core concerns of the lyrical work being adapted and established tenets of game design.

Force in Nature

2020 ◽  
pp. 146-160
Author(s):  
David Carus
Keyword(s):  
Natural Science ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Core ◽  
Thing In Itself ◽  
The Will ◽  
Insight Into

This chapter explores Schopenhauer’s concept of force, which lies at the root of his philosophy. It is force in nature and thus in natural science that is inexplicable and grabs Schopenhauer’s attention. To answer the question of what this inexplicable term is at the root of all causation, Schopenhauer looks to the will within us. Through will, he maintains that we gain immediate insight into forces in nature and hence into the thing in itself at the core of everything and all things. Will is thus Schopenhauer’s attempt to answer the question of the essence of appearance. Yet will, as it turns out, cannot be known immediately as it is subject to time, and the acts of will, which we experience within us, do not correlate immediately with the actions of the body (as Schopenhauer had originally postulated). Hence, the acts of will do not lead to an explanation of force, which is at the root of causation in nature. Schopenhauer sets out to explain what is at the root of all appearances, derived from the question of an original cause, or as Schopenhauer states “the cause of causation,” but cannot determine this essence other than by stating that it is will; a will, however, that cannot be immediately known.

scholarly journals Persistent COVID-19 Symptoms Minimally Impact the Development of SARS-CoV-2-Specific T Cell Immunity

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 916
Author(s):  
Hengsheng Fang ◽  
Adam D. Wegman ◽  
Kianna Ripich ◽  
Heather Friberg ◽  
Jeffrey R. Currier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Immunity ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
T Cell Immunity ◽  
N Protein ◽  
Cell Immunity ◽  
Public Health Challenge ◽  
Human Coronaviruses ◽  
Cellular Immune ◽  
Persistent Viral Infections ◽  
Insight Into

SARS-CoV-2 represents an unprecedented public health challenge. While the majority of SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 resolve their infection with few complications, some individuals experience prolonged symptoms lasting for weeks after initial diagnosis. Persistent viral infections are commonly accompanied by immunologic dysregulation, but it is unclear if persistent COVID-19 impacts the development of virus-specific cellular immunity. To this end, we analyzed SARS-CoV-2-specific cellular immunity in convalescent COVID-19 patients who experienced eight days or fewer of COVID-19 symptoms or symptoms persisting for 18 days or more. We observed that persistent COVID-19 symptoms were not associated with the development of an overtly dysregulated cellular immune response. Furthermore, we observed that reactivity against the N protein from SARS-CoV-2 correlates with the amount of reactivity against the seasonal human coronaviruses 229E and NL63. These results provide insight into the processes that regulate the development of cellular immunity against SARS-CoV-2 and related human coronaviruses.

scholarly journals Temporal hierarchy of intrinsic neural timescales converges with spatial core-periphery organization

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehrshad Golesorkhi ◽  
Javier Gomez-Pilar ◽  
Shankar Tumati ◽  
Maia Fraser ◽  
Georg Northoff
Keyword(s):  
Time Window ◽  
Human Cortex ◽  
The Core ◽  
Novel Variant ◽  
Open Issue ◽  
Task Differences ◽  
Spatial Hierarchy ◽  
Fundamental Insight ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
And Task

AbstractThe human cortex exhibits intrinsic neural timescales that shape a temporal hierarchy. Whether this temporal hierarchy follows the spatial hierarchy of its topography, namely the core-periphery organization, remains an open issue. Using magnetoencephalography data, we investigate intrinsic neural timescales during rest and task states; we measure the autocorrelation window in short (ACW-50) and, introducing a novel variant, long (ACW-0) windows. We demonstrate longer ACW-50 and ACW-0 in networks located at the core compared to those at the periphery with rest and task states showing a high ACW correlation. Calculating rest-task differences, i.e., subtracting the shared core-periphery organization, reveals task-specific ACW changes in distinct networks. Finally, employing kernel density estimation, machine learning, and simulation, we demonstrate that ACW-0 exhibits better prediction in classifying a region’s time window as core or periphery. Overall, our findings provide fundamental insight into how the human cortex’s temporal hierarchy converges with its spatial core-periphery hierarchy.

scholarly journals Deciphering the Enigma of the Histone H2A.Z-1/H2A.Z-2 Isoforms: Novel Insights and Remaining Questions

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1167
Author(s):  
Manjinder S. Cheema ◽  
Katrina V. Good ◽  
Bohyun Kim ◽  
Heddy Soufari ◽  
Connor O’Sullivan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Chromosome Segregation ◽  
Multiple Roles ◽  
Histone H2a ◽  
The Core ◽  
Structural Differences ◽  
Functional Involvement ◽  
Insight Into

The replication independent (RI) histone H2A.Z is one of the more extensively studied variant members of the core histone H2A family, which consists of many replication dependent (RD) members. The protein has been shown to be indispensable for survival, and involved in multiple roles from DNA damage to chromosome segregation, replication, and transcription. However, its functional involvement in gene expression is controversial. Moreover, the variant in several groups of metazoan organisms consists of two main isoforms (H2A.Z-1 and H2A.Z-2) that differ in a few (3–6) amino acids. They comprise the main topic of this review, starting from the events that led to their identification, what is currently known about them, followed by further experimental, structural, and functional insight into their roles. Despite their structural differences, a direct correlation to their functional variability remains enigmatic. As all of this is being elucidated, it appears that a strong functional involvement of isoform variability may be connected to development.

scholarly journals Audio Mining: The Role of Vocal Tone in Persuasion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin (Shane) Wang ◽  
Shijie Lu ◽  
X I Li ◽  
Mansur Khamitov ◽  
Neil Bendle
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Controlled Experiments ◽  
The Core ◽  
Content Model ◽  
Stereotype Content ◽  
Key Indicators ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Persuasion success is often related to hard-to-measure characteristics, such as the way the persuader speaks. To examine how vocal tones impact persuasion in an online appeal, this research measures persuaders’ vocal tones in Kickstarter video pitches using novel audio mining technology. Connecting vocal tone dimensions with real-world funding outcomes offers insight into the impact of vocal tones on receivers’ actions. The core hypothesis of this paper is that a successful persuasion attempt is associated with vocal tones denoting (1) focus, (2) low stress, and (3) stable emotions. These three vocal tone dimensions—which are in line with the stereotype content model—matter because they allow receivers to make inferences about a persuader’s competence. The hypotheses are tested with a large-scale empirical study using Kickstarter data, which is then replicated in a different category. In addition, two controlled experiments provide evidence that perceptions of competence mediate the impact of the three vocal tones on persuasion attempt success. The results identify key indicators of persuasion attempt success and suggest a greater role for audio mining in academic consumer research.

scholarly journals Skin and Gut Microbiome in Psoriasis: Gaining Insight Into the Pathophysiology of It and Finding Novel Therapeutic Strategies

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lihui Chen ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
Wu Zhu ◽  
Yehong Kuang ◽  
Tao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Intestinal Microbiome ◽  
Core Microbiome ◽  
The Core ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Gaining Insight

Psoriasis affects the health of myriad populations around the world. The pathogenesis is multifactorial, and the exact driving factor remains unclear. This condition arises from the interaction between hyperproliferative keratinocytes and infiltrating immune cells, with poor prognosis and high recurrence. Better clinical treatments remain to be explored. There is much evidence that alterations in the skin and intestinal microbiome play an important role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, and restoration of the microbiome is a promising preventive and therapeutic strategy for psoriasis. Herein, we have reviewed recent studies on the psoriasis-related microbiome in an attempt to confidently identify the “core” microbiome of psoriasis patients, understand the role of microbiome in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, and explore new therapeutic strategies for psoriasis through microbial intervention.

Insight into the core–shell structures of Cu–In–S microspheres

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 23-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela S. Wochnik ◽  
Anna Frank ◽  
Christoph Heinzl ◽  
Jonas Häusler ◽  
Julian Schneider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shell Structures ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
The Core ◽  
Insight Into

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy K. Smith ◽  
Marianne W. Lewis ◽  
Paula Jarzabkowski ◽  
Ann Langley
Keyword(s):  
Ancient Philosophy ◽  
The State ◽  
Levels Of Analysis ◽  
The Core ◽  
Theoretical Assumptions ◽  
Organizational Paradox ◽  
Insight Into

While dating back to ancient philosophy, only recently have organizational scholars started to explore paradox. Drawing from insights across disciplines including psychoanalysis and macro sociology, some provocative theorists urged researchers to take seriously the study of paradox and deepen understanding of plurality, tensions, and contradictions. Scholars responded. Studies of organizational paradox have grown exponentially over twenty years, canvassing varied phenomena, methods, and levels of analysis. As paradox studies grow, new insights challenge foundational ideas, and raise questions around definitions, overlapping lenses, and varied research and managerial approaches. Alternative perspectives highlight divides while inviting complementary approaches. Reflecting on the state of paradox studies, the editors became aware that they were surfacing the paradoxes of paradoxes—contradictory, yet interdependent perspectives on paradox enveloped in the core theoretical assumptions. The introduction surfaces these paradoxes of paradoxes, noting how the chapters in this handbook both engage these tensions, while expanding insight into the field.

Ideal or Idiosyncratic? How Women Manage Work-Family Role Conflict with Focal and Peripheral Role Senders

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bobbi Thomason
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Role Conflict ◽  
Family Role ◽  
Role Enactment ◽  
The Core ◽  
Career Trajectories ◽  
Work Family ◽  
Women's Role ◽  
Domestic Roles ◽  
Insight Into

To provide insight into women’s approaches to managing the work-family interface, I introduce the concepts of focal and peripheral role senders and illuminate the importance of their interplay in the enactment of women’s domestic roles. At the core of my theoretical model is the process by which focal and peripheral role senders embrace or reject an ideal enactment of domestic roles and the women’s strategies women use to either acquiesce to ideal roles or acquire idiosyncratic roles. This paper examines the husband as the focal role sender, consistent with the literature’s focus and the pervasiveness of husbands in my data, and considers peripheral role senders, such as parents and in-laws, who also influence women’s role enactment, either by amplifying or muting the husband’s preferred role enactment. This research contributes to existing theory by introducing the importance of focal and peripheral role senders, illuminating how these multiple senders and their interaction influence women’s strategies to deal with role conflict, and documenting how women’s strategies subsequently influence their career trajectories.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document