scholarly journals Phytochemical Investigation Of The Crude And Fractionated Extracts Of Two Nigerian Herbs, Mitragyna inermis (Wild) And Lawsonia inermis (Linn)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olukemi A. Onuh ◽  
Moses Odugbo ◽  
Olusola Oladipo ◽  
Ifeyomi Wilfred Olobayotan
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Study ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Lawsonia Inermis ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Therapeutic Uses ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation ◽  
Successive Extraction ◽  
The Family ◽  
Mitragyna Inermis

Investigation was done to determine the phytochemicals present in the crude extracts and fractions of Mitragyna inermis (Wild) of the family, Rubiceae and Lawsonia inermis (Linn) of the family, Lythraceae using standard protocols to ascertain their bioactive molecules of pharmaceutical potentials. Successive extraction of the plant parts was carried out using hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol and water (aqueous). Eleven fractions were eluted from both plants using column and thin-layer chromatography. The study revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, phenols, tannins, steroids and carbohydrates in both plants while anthraquinone was present in only L. inermis. Quantitative study of some of the phytochemicals revealed various percentages ranging from 0.56% (flavonoids) to 21.58% (saponins). Alkaloids and phenols were present in more fractions (M6 to M11) of M. inermis extracts while tannins and anthraquinones were present in more fractions (L6 to L11) of L. inermis extracts than in other fractions. The phytochemicals present in these two plants could be responsible for their various therapeutic uses that have been reported. It is recommended that further research is done to isolate these bioactive molecules in their pure forms and evaluate the dosage required and toxicity levels. Keywords: Phytochemicals, crude extracts, chromatography, quantitative study

scholarly journals Phytochemical and Ethnopharmacological Perspectives of Ehretia laevis

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 3489
Author(s):  
Pooja Sharma ◽  
Richa Shri ◽  
Fidele Ntie-Kang ◽  
Suresh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Pentacyclic Triterpenoids ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Tribal Communities ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Traditional Remedy ◽  
Botanical Description ◽  
Pharmacological Screening ◽  
Therapeutic Activities ◽  
First Time

Ehretia laevis Roxb. (Boraginaceae) has been extensively used as a traditional remedy for the treatment of a diverse range of ailments related to the respiratory system, the gastrointestinal tract, the reproductive system, and against several infections. This review critically assesses and documents, for the first time, the fragmented information on E. laevis, including its botanical description, folklore uses, bioactive phyto metabolites and pharmacological activities. The goal is to explore this plant therapeutically. Ethnomedicinal surveys reveal that E. laevis has been used by tribal communities in Asian countries for the treatment of various disorders. Quantitative and qualitative phytochemical investigations of E. laevis showed the presence of important phytoconstituents such as pentacyclic triterpenoids, phenolic acids, flavonoids, fatty acids, steroids, alkaloids, aliphatic alcohols, hydrocarbons, amino acids, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals. Fresh plant parts, crude extracts, fractions and isolated compounds have been reported to exhibit broad spectrum of therapeutic activities viz., antioxidant, antiarthritic, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antiulcer, antidiarrheal, antidysenteric, wound healing and anti-infective activities. E. laevis is shown to be an excellent potential source of drugs for the mitigation of jaundice, asthma, dysentery, ulcers, diarrhea, ringworm, eczema, diabetes, fissure, syphilis, cuts and wounds, inflammation, liver problems, venereal and infectious disorders. Although few investigations authenticated its traditional uses but employed uncharacterized crude extracts of the plant, the major concerns raised are reproducibility of therapeutic efficacy and safety of plant material. The outcomes of limited pharmacological screening and reported bioactive compounds of E. laevis suggest that there is an urgent need for in-depth pharmacological investigations of the plant.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Investigation of New Algerian Lichen Species: Physcia Mediterranea Nimis

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 1121
Author(s):  
Marwa Kerboua ◽  
Monia Ali Ahmed ◽  
Nsevolo Samba ◽  
Radhia Aitfella-Lahlou ◽  
Lucia Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Foods ◽  
Sesquiterpene Lactones ◽  
Diphenyl Ether ◽  
Lichen Species ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Mediterranean Species ◽  
Esi Ms ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation ◽  
The Family ◽  
Nmr Techniques

The present study provides new data concerning the chemical characterisation of Physcia mediterranea Nimis, a rare Mediterranean species belonging to the family Physciaceae. The phytochemical screening was carried out using GC-MS, HPLC-ESI-MS-MS, and NMR techniques. Hot extraction of n-hexane was carried out, followed by separation of the part insoluble in methanol: wax (WA-hex), from the part soluble in methanol (ME-hex). GC-MS analysis of the ME-hex part revealed the presence of methylbenzoic acids such as sparassol and atraric acid and a diterpene with a kaurene skeleton which has never been detected before in lichen species. Out of all the compounds identified by HPLC-ESI-MS-MS, sixteen compounds are common between WA-hex and ME-hex. Most are aliphatic fatty acids, phenolic compounds and depsides. The wax part is characterised by the presence of atranorin, a depside of high biological value. Proton 1H and carbon 13C NMR have confirmed its identification. Atranol, chloroatranol (depsides compound), Ffukinanolide (sesquiterpene lactones), leprolomin (diphenyl ether), muronic acid (triterpenes), and ursolic acid (triterpenes) have also been identified in ME-hex. The results suggested that Physcia mediterranea Nimis is a valuable source of bioactive compounds that could be useful for several applications as functional foods, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.

scholarly journals Antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities of crude extracts of Lawsonia inermis against Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Triveni A G ◽  
Suresh Kumar Mendem ◽  
Channapa T Shivannavar ◽  
Subhaschandra M Gaddad
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Lawsonia Inermis ◽  
Biofilm Inhibition ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Crude Extracts

 Objective:The continuous rise in the prevalence of multi drug resistance pathogens globally is threatening the treatment and management of infectious diseases. Ethno medicine plays a key role in the exploration for novel bioactive compounds. The present study evaluates the antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of the crude extracts of Lawsonia inermis against clinical isolates of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).Materials and methods: Shade dried and finely powdered leaves of the plant were extracted by maceration method using six solvents methanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, chloroform, petroleum ether and n-hexane. Antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of the extracts against MDR MRSA by agar cup diffusion and tube method respectively.Results: Methanol extract showed the highest antibacterial activity of 18mm compared to other extracts. Similarly, petroleum ether extract showed highest biofilm inhibition of 84.7%. Other solvent extracts also exhibited significant biofilm inhibition [n-Hexane-83.6%, Ethyl acetate -79.5%, Chloroform-79.2%, Acetone -77% and Methanol-77%].Conclusion: The leaf extracts of L. inermis have shown promising biofilm inhibitory activity and good antibacterial activity, which can be explored for the development of new drugs for the MDR pathogens. Keywords: Antibioticacivity, Antibiofilm activity, L.inermis, MRSA

scholarly journals Medicinal Plants Used by Traditional Healers in Algeria: A Multiregional Ethnobotanical Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khadidja Belhouala ◽  
Bachir Benarba
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Ethnobotanical Study ◽  
Medicinal Species ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
New Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Informant Consensus ◽  
Therapeutic Uses

Traditional medicine is the cornerstone that boosts scientific research to explore new therapeutic approaches. The study aimed to assess the traditional knowledge and use of medicinal plants to treat various ailments by Algerian traditional healers. Forty traditional healers were face-to-face interviewed in three different Algerian areas (West, Kabylia, and Sahara). The data collected were analyzed using quantitative indices such as fidelity level (FL) and informant consensus factor (FIC). A total of 167 species belonging to 70 families were recorded. Lamiaceae (13%), Asteraceae (13%), Apiaceae (7%), and Rosaceae and Fabaceae (5% each) were the most cited families. The survey revealed that leaves were the most used parts of the plants (29%). Furthermore, decoction (35%), raw (24%), and infusion (19%) were the common modes for the remedies’ preparation. Here, 15% of the total species were newly reported as medicinal plants. Besides, it was reported for the first time a total of 47 new therapeutic uses for 20 known plant species. Of 17 ailments categories, cancer was presented by 44 species, showing the highest FIC of 0.46. Marrubium vulgare L., Artemisia herba-alba Asso., Zingiber officinale Roscoe., and Juniperus phoenicea L. recorded the maximum fidelity value of 100%. Therefore, our study reveals strong ethnomedicinal knowledge shared by local populations living in the three regions studied. The medicinal species with a high FL could be promising candidates for identifying new bioactive molecules.

scholarly journals Uncovering the unexplored diversity of thioamidated ribosomal peptides in Actinobacteria using the RiPPER genome mining tool

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Santos-Aberturas ◽  
Govind Chandra ◽  
Luca Frattaruolo ◽  
Rodney Lacret ◽  
Thu H. Pham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Mining ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Post Translational Modification ◽  
Biosynthetic Gene Clusters ◽  
New Family ◽  
The Family ◽  
Modified Peptides ◽  
Mining Tool

ABSTRACTThe rational discovery of new specialized metabolites by genome mining represents a very promising strategy in the quest for new bioactive molecules. Ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) are a major class of natural product that derive from genetically encoded precursor peptides. However, RiPP gene clusters are particularly refractory to reliable bioinformatic predictions due to the absence of a common biosynthetic feature across all pathways. Here, we describe RiPPER, a new tool for the family-independent identification of RiPP precursor peptides and apply this methodology to search for novel thioamidated RiPPs in Actinobacteria. Until now, thioamidation was believed to be a rare post-translational modification, which is catalyzed by a pair of proteins (YcaO and TfuA) in Archaea. In Actinobacteria, the thioviridamide-like molecules are a family of cytotoxic RiPPs that feature multiple thioamides, and it has been proposed that a YcaO-TfuA pair of proteins also catalyzes their formation. Potential biosynthetic gene clusters encoding YcaO and TfuA protein pairs are common in Actinobacteria but the chemical diversity generated by these pathways is almost completely unexplored. A RiPPER analysis reveals a highly diverse landscape of precursor peptides encoded in previously undescribed gene clusters that are predicted to make thioamidated RiPPs. To illustrate this strategy, we describe the first rational discovery of a new family of thioamidated natural products, the thiovarsolins from Streptomyces varsoviensis.

scholarly journals In-vitro Antimicrobial Activities and Phytochemical Screening of Selected Plant Extracts against Some Medically and Agriculturally Important Pathogens

2020 ◽  
pp. 167-189
Author(s):  
Yirgashewa Asfere ◽  
Ameha Kebede ◽  
Dejene Zinabu
Keyword(s):  
Stem Bark ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities ◽  
Ruta Chalepensis ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
Scientific Justification

In Ethiopia, many plants are used for medicinal drive-by old-style naturopaths without any scientific justification for their therapeutic values. The principal aim of this study were to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities of the leaf, root and stem bark extracts of Rhamnus prinioides (gesho), Justicia schimperiana (sensel) and Ruta chalepensis (Tena adam) against some common pathogenic species of bacteria and fungi. The results of this study shown that the crude extracts of ethanol, methanol, hexane and water crude extracts had antimicrobial activities on most bacterial and fungi species of some solvent extracts. Ethanol and methanol crude extracts had the highest growth inhibitory effects as compared with those of the aqueous and hexane crude extracts. But, the four solvent crude extracts had fewer antimicrobial activities than commercially available drug(chloramphenicol and clotrimazole). Campylobacter jejuni and Staphylococcus aureus were found to be the most vulnerable microbes to the crude ethanol (99.5%). The growth-inhibitory events of the crude extracts were found to be significantly dissimilar for both concentrations (30 and 60 mg/ml) in all plant parts (p < 0.05). In general, this study did not only indicate that the antibacterial activities of R. prinioides (gesho), J. schimperiana (sensel) and R. chalepensis (Tena adam). It also accesses a scientific justification for its old-style use against some diseases.

Isoflavones from Camphorosma lessingii Inhibit the Organic Anion Transporters OAT1 and OAT3

Planta Medica ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (03) ◽  
pp. 225-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinhui Wang ◽  
Dujuan Wang ◽  
Xue Wang ◽  
Manana Khutsishvili ◽  
Kamilla Tamanyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Anion ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Spectroscopic Methods ◽  
Organic Anion Transporters ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Anion Transporters ◽  
Significant Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation ◽  
The Family ◽  
First Time

AbstractPhytochemical investigation of Camphorosma lessingii has resulted in the isolation of four previously unreported isoflavones (1–4) and eight known compounds (5–12). Nine of these compounds (1–6, 8–10) are reported for the first time from members of the family Amaranthaceae. The structures of all isolated compounds were determined by spectroscopic methods, primarily one-dimensional and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry. The absolute configuration of 6 was confirmed by circular dichroism. Inhibition of the organic anion transporters, OAT1 and OAT3, by the isolated compounds was evaluated. Among them, 7, 2′-dihydroxy- 6,8-dimethoxyisoflavone (1), 2′-hydroxy-6,7,8-trimethoxyisoflavone (2), 6,2′-dihydroxy-7,8-dimethoxyisoflavone (3), and 7-methoxyflavone (5) showed a significant inhibitory effect on 6-carboxyfluorescein uptake mediated by OAT1 and OAT3.

Comparison of lawsone contents among Lawsonia inermis plant parts and neurite outgrowth accelerators from branches

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 890-896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshimi Oda ◽  
Souichi Nakashima ◽  
Erina Kondo ◽  
Seikou Nakamura ◽  
Mamiko Yano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurite Outgrowth ◽  
Lawsonia Inermis ◽  
Plant Parts

PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDIES OF STAR FRUIT AVERRHOA CARAMBOLA L.

2021 ◽  
pp. 33-34
Author(s):  
B. Sravanthi ◽  
N. Lakshmi Bhavani
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Intermittent Fever ◽  
Averrhoa Carambola ◽  
Star Fruit ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation ◽  
Successive Extraction ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
Qualitative Assay

The paper deals with a phytochemical investigation on the fruit of Averrhoa carambola L. belonging to the family Oxalidaceae. Commonly known as “star fruit”. Fruits and leaves are used widely in Ayurveda preparations to pacify impaired Kapha, pitta, skin diseases, pruritis, worm infestations, diarrhea, vomiting, hemorrhoids, intermittent fever, over-perspiration, and general debility. In the present study fruits of Averrhoa carambola L. were screened for their phytochemical constituents following hot continuous and successive extraction by Soxhlet apparatus. A qualitative assay was done using a range of solvents. The extraction process was carried using different solvents successively in the order of increasing polarity. Qualitative analysis of the extracts using standard procedures revealed the presence of alkaloids, avonoids, tannins, saponins, glycosides, steroids&terpenoids, phenols, coumarins, and phytosterols. Preliminary screening of phytochemicals is a valuable step, in the detection of the bioactive principles present in medicinal plants and subsequently, may lead to drug discovery and development.

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