scholarly journals The experiences of 33 national COVID-19 dashboard teams during the first year of the pandemic in the WHO European Region: a qualitative study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica Barbazza ◽  
Damir Ivankovic ◽  
Karapet Davtyan ◽  
Mircha Poldrugovac ◽  
Zhamin Yelgezekova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Development Stage ◽  
Learning By Doing ◽  
European Region ◽  
First Year ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Privacy Constraints ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Quota Sampling ◽  
High Level

Background: Governments across the WHO European Region prioritized dashboards for reporting COVID-19 data. The ubiquitous use of dashboards for public reporting is novel. This study explores the development of COVID-19 dashboards during the pandemic's first year and common barriers, enablers and lessons from the experiences of teams responsible for their development. Methods: Multiple methods were applied to identify and recruit COVID-19 dashboard teams using a purposive, quota sampling approach. Semi-structured group interviews were conducted between April-June 2021. Using elaborative coding and thematic analysis, descriptive and explanatory themes were derived from interview data. A validation workshop with study participants was held in June 2021. Results: Eighty informants, representing 33 national COVID-19 dashboard teams across the WHO European Region participated. Most dashboards were launched swiftly in the first months of the pandemic, between February-May 2020. The urgency, intense workload, limited human resources, data and privacy constraints, and public scrutiny were common to the initial development stage. Themes related to barriers or enablers were identified pertaining to the pre-pandemic context, pandemic itself, people and processes, software, data, and users. Lessons emerged around the themes of simplicity, trust, partnership, software and data, and change. Conclusions: COVID-19 dashboards were developed in a learning-by-doing approach. The experiences of teams signal initial under-preparedness was compensated by high-level political endorsement, the professionalism of teams, accelerated data improvements, and immediate support of commercial software solutions. To leverage the full potential of dashboards, investments are needed at team-, national- and pan-European-level.

scholarly journals Environmental Sustainability and Economic Growth in Greenland: Testing the Environmental Kuznets Curve

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1228
Author(s):  
Javier Arnaut ◽  
Johanna Lidman
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Environmental Kuznets Curve ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Growing Economy ◽  
High Level

The environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis assumes there is an inverted U-shape relationship between pollution and income per capita, implying an improvement in environmental quality when a growing economy reaches a high level of economic development. This study evaluated empirically the existence of the environmental Kuznets curve in Greenland for the period 1970–2018. Using an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach, the results show evidence of a U-shaped EKC in Greenland instead of the hypothesized inverted U-shape. The findings indicate that Greenland had initially experienced a decoupling transition during an early development stage associated with structural conditions of a small subsistence economy. However, once the country began to expand its industry, the trend began to reverse, creating a positive and significant relationship between CO2 emissions and GDP per capita that is potentially detrimental to the Arctic natural environment.

Echinoderm skeletal crystallography and paleobiological applications

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 191-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. E. Bodenbender
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Structure ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Developmental Sequence ◽  
Coarse Scale ◽  
Common Pattern ◽  
Plate Morphology ◽  
Oriented Parallel ◽  
High Level

The crystallographic orientations of echinoderm skeletal elements can supplement standard morphological comparisons in the exploration of echinoderm evolution. At a coarse scale, many echinoderms share a crystallographic pattern in whichcaxes radiate away from the axis of pentaradial symmetry. Within this common pattern, however,caxes of different taxa can differ dramatically in their degree of variability, angles of inclination, and relationships to the external morphology of skeletal elements. Crystallographic data reflect a variety of taxon-specific influences and therefore reveal different information in different taxa. In echinoids, orientations ofcaxes in coronal plates correlate well with high-level taxonomic groupings, whilecaxes of apical plates record modes of larval development. In blastoids,caxes of radial plates have a structural interpretation, with thecaxis oriented parallel to the orientation of the surface of the radial plate during its initial growth stages. In crinoids,caxes do not correlate with taxonomic group, plate morphology, or developmental sequence, but instead correlate with relative positions of skeletal elements on the calyx. Although their full potential has yet to be explored, the varied crystallographic patterns in echinoderms have been used to clarify skeletal structure, characterize developmental anomalies, and infer homologies of skeletal plates both within specimens and between groups. A axes are less constrained in their orientations thancaxes and offer less promise of revealing novel paleobiological information.

EFL motivation development in an increasingly globalized local context: A longitudinal study of Chinese undergraduates

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yihong Gao ◽  
Xiaoying Wang ◽  
Yan Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Global Identity ◽  
Home Culture ◽  
Undergraduate Study ◽  
Motivational Intensity ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
High Level ◽  
Situational Motivation

AbstractAs part of a larger longitudinal study, this paper examines the development of Chinese students' EFL learning motivation throughout university undergraduate study, in an increasingly globalized local context. The study adopted a social constructivist perspective of language learning and combined research methods; the participants were over 1,000 undergraduates from 5 universities. The quantitative data were collected through a questionnaire (based on Gao et al. 2004) including motivational intensity and motivation types – instrumental, cultural, and situational, implemented annually from university entrance to graduation. The qualitative data consisted of individual and group interviews, student journals, and observations. Integrated data analysis revealed that sustained high-level long-term instrumental motivations coexisted with an increase of L2- oriented cultural motivations and situational motivation, particularly in the first and fourth year. The increased L2-oriented cultural motivations indicated neither ``ntegrativeness'' in the sense of becoming a member of the native English speaker community, nor a culturally neutral ``global identity.'' The increase of such L2- oriented cultural motivations was also accompanied by a sustained ``social responsibility'' motivation oriented to learners' home culture. Such complexities of motivational development call for further investigation in increasingly globalized EFL contexts.

Cyclic Methylsiloxanes as Working Fluids for Space Power Cycles

1993 ◽  
Vol 115 (3) ◽  
pp. 130-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Angelino ◽  
C. Invernizzi
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Working Fluids ◽  
Power Cycles ◽  
Thermodynamic Performance ◽  
High Level ◽  
Organic Fluids ◽  
Large Wheel ◽  
Turbine Exhaust ◽  
Fast Rotating

The potential merits of cyclic polymethylsiloxanes, particularly those conventionally denominated D4 and D5, as working fluids for space power cycles are discussed. The attractive technical characteristics of these substances which are fully nontoxic, moderately flammable, and stable at high temperature are presented. Some experimental results on vapor pressure and on thermal stability are reported. A maximum operating temperature of about 400°C appears achievable. A comprehensive thermodynamic analysis comparing siloxanes with other classes of high temperature fluids is performed. The peculiar characters of siloxane cycles are found to be: a good overall efficiency achieved through a massive regeneration, a moderate expansion work, and an abundant volume flow at turbine exhaust. A number of two-stage turbines for two power levels (i.e., 30 and 5 kW) were designed using an appropriate optimization program. The resulting main features of such expanders were a satisfactory efficiency, a low rotating and peripheral speed, and a comparatively large wheel diameter. These characteristics seem of particular interest for low capacity systems where, with other fluids, turbines tend to be impractically small and fast rotating and where a high level of regeneration becomes more acceptable. In considering for the sake of comparison the thermodynamic performance of many classes of organic fluids, it becomes apparent that the full potential of organic power cycles in view of the variety of future needs has not yet been thoroughly investigated.

Prognostic criteria for Polar Lows

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Vazaeva ◽  
Otto Chkhetiani ◽  
Michael Kurgansky
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Wind Velocity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Mature Stage ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Polar Lows ◽  
Prognostic Criteria ◽  
Main Challenge

<p>Polar lows (PLs) are important mesoscale (horizontal diameter up to 1000 km) maritime weather systems at high latitudes, forming pole ward from the polar front. We consider the possible prognostic criteria of PLs, in particular, the kinematic helicity as a quadratic characteristic related to the integral vortex formations and the kinematic vorticity number (KVN). To calculate such characteristics we use reanalysis data and the results of numerical simulation with the WRF-ARW model (Version 4.1.) for the PLs over the Nordic (Norwegian and Barents) seas. For comparison, experimental data are used.</p><p>Our estimate of helicity is based on the connection of an integral helicity (IH) in the Ekman layer with the geostrophic wind velocity, due to the good correlation between IH and half the sum of the wind velocity squared. We have chosen IH averaged over preselected area covering the locality of PLs genesis. This area was moving along with the centre of PL during the numerical simulation.</p><p>The genesis of PLs can be divided into three stages: (i) an initial development stage, in which a number of small vortices appear in a shear zone; (ii) a late development stage, characterized by the merger of vortices; (iii) a mature stage, in which only a single PL is present. Approximately one day before PL formation, a significant increase in helicity was observed. The average helicity bulk density of large-scale motions has values of 0.3 – 0.4 ms<sup>-2</sup>. The local changes in helicity are adjacent to the front side of the PLs. The IH criterion described facilitates the identification of the PLs genesis area. For a more detailed analysis of the PL genesis, it is recommended to apply KVN, which is the additional indicator of PL size and intensity. At the moment of maximum intensity of PLs KVN can reach values of 12 – 14 units. The advantage of using KVN is also in its clear change directly in the centre of the emerging PLs, which allows to precisely indicates the limits of the most intense part of PLs.</p><p>The main challenge is to make the operational forecast of PLs possible through the selection of the prognostic integral characteristics of PLs, sufficient for PLs identification and for analysis of their size and intensity in a convenient, usable and understandable way. The criteria associated with vorticity and helicity are reflected in the PLs genesis and development quite clearly. At this time, such a claim is only a hypothesis, which must be tested using a larger set of cases. Future work will need to extend these analyses to other active PL basins. Also, it would be interesting to compare the representation of PLs by using any other criteria. It is intended to use our combined criteria as a precursor to machine learning-based PLs identification procedure where satellite image analysis and capture of particular cloud patterns are currently applied in most of the cases. It would eliminate the time consuming first stage of collecting data sets.</p><p>This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project No. 19-17-00248).</p>

scholarly journals PENGEMBANGAN MULTIMEDIA PREZI BERBASIS PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) PADA MATERI HUKUM-HUKUM DASAR KIMIA KELAS X IPA DI SMAN 1 BUKITTINGGI

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dewi Putri Handayani ◽  
Rahadian Zainul ◽  
Fajriah Azra
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Problem Based Learning ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Chemistry Teacher ◽  
Basic Law ◽  
Chemistry Learning ◽  
High Level ◽  
Very High

Abstract— This research is aimed to produce a prezi multimedia based on Problem Based Learning (PBL) in Basic Law of Chemistry material and to determine the level ov validaty and practicality based on media’s function. This research is Researc and Development (R&D) which applies 4-D madel: define, design, develop, and disseminate. The research is done until development stage. Determining the level of validity and practicality are done by Chemistry lecturer, Chemistry teacher,and students of class XI IPA SMAN 1 Bukittinggi. The research instrument is questionnaire which consists of validity questionnaire and practicality questionnaire. The technic of data collection is done by distributing questionnaire. The data is analyzed by using moment kappa. From the data analysis,it is found that Prezi Multimedia based on Problem Based Learning (PBL) in Basic Law of Chemistry material has moment kappa validity about 0,85 with very high level of validity, moment kappa practicality from teacher’s evaluation about 0,86 with very high level of practicality, and moment kappa practicality from student’s evaluation about 0,80 with high level of practicality. The learning media that have been developed is proved valid and practical, so it can be used on Chemistry learning process in class X IPA at SMAN 1 Bukittinggi.

scholarly journals Business Exit During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Non-Traditional Measures in Historical Context

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (025) ◽  
pp. 1-59
Author(s):  
Leland D. Crane ◽  
◽  
Ryan A. Decker ◽  
Aaron Flaaen ◽  
Adrian Hamins-Puertolas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Firms ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
First Year ◽  
Tracking Data ◽  
Large Share ◽  
Alternative Measures ◽  
High Level ◽  
Official Data ◽  
The U.S

Lags in official data releases have forced economists and policymakers to leverage "alternative" or "non-traditional" data to measure business exit resulting from the COVID- 19 pandemic. We first review official data on business exit in recent decades to place the alternative measures of exit within historical context. For the U.S., business exit is countercyclical and fairly common, with about 7.5 percent of firms exiting annually in recent years. Both the high level and the cyclicality of exit are driven by very small firms and establishments. We then explore a range of alternative measures of business exit, including novel measures based on paycheck issuance and phone-tracking data, which indicate exit was elevated in certain sectors during the first year of the pandemic. The evidence is mixed, however; many industries have likely seen lower-than-usual exit rates, and exiting businesses do not appear to represent a large share of U.S. employment. Actual exit is likely to have been lower than widespread expectations from early in the pandemic. Moreover, businesses have recently exhibited notable optimism about their survival prospects.

scholarly journals Pre-university informal engagement with mathematical activities and the decision to study mathematics at university

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 10-22
Author(s):  
Katie Steckles ◽  
Peter Rowlett ◽  
Angharad Ugonna
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Career Choice ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
First Year ◽  
Mathematical Activity ◽  
Online Videos ◽  
High Level ◽  
Watching Tv ◽  
Mathematical Activities

A survey was created to investigate the experiences of mathematics undergraduates with informal mathematical activity prior to starting university, and links these with the decision to study mathematics. A questionnaire was completed by a small sample of first-year undergraduates at two UK universities. Generally, incoming undergraduates are shown to have a high level of enjoyment of mathematics and engagement with informal mathematical activity. Popular activities included mathematical puzzles and games, and online videos about maths. Students were often engaged with family or via social media, playing computer, tablet or phone games, watching TV game shows with mathematical aspects and participating in organised competitions. Only around half engaged via talks or workshops organised through school and watching more structured documentaries or videos of lectures. Few participated in organised clubs. It seems there was greater engagement with ‘fun’ aspects of mathematics than with activities which demonstrate mathematics linked to career choice. The link to goals of outreach and similar initiatives is discussed, with further research indicated.

scholarly journals Correlates of Depression in First-Year College Students

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-136
Author(s):  
Aude Villatte ◽  
Diane Marcotte ◽  
Alexandra Potvin
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Emotional Adjustment ◽  
First Year ◽  
Personal Goals ◽  
Adjustment To College ◽  
First Year College ◽  
First Year College Students ◽  
High Level ◽  
Support Students

This study aimed to identify and rank the personal, family-related, social, and academic correlates of depressive symptoms in first-year college students. A questionnaire that included the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) was administered to 389 first-year college students (mean age = 18.9; SD = 3.38; 59.4% female). Eight variables contributed uniquely to the variance of depressive symptoms and were, in decreasing order of importance: (1) the absence of personal goals, (2) a high level of anxiety and (3) of dysfunctional thoughts regarding success, (4) a lack of emotional adjustment to college, (5) being female, (6) receiving little warmth and encouragement of autonomy from one’s mother and (7) from one’s father, and (8) being attracted to members of the opposite or both sexes. These results suggest that a multimodal intervention is required to support students’ mental health.  

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN TENTANG KEBUTUHAN CAIRAN TUBUH DENGAN POLA KONSUMSI AIR MINUM PADA MAHASISWA TINGKAT I AKPER PANTI KOSALA SURAKARTA

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Budi Herminto ◽  
Risa Setia Ismandani
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Design Research ◽  
P Value ◽  
First Year ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
First Year Students ◽  
Fluid Body ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractWater represent compound which is the necessary for all living. Consumption behaviorirrigate society not yet altogether goodness, society consume water when feel thirsty anddo not so pay attention drinking water and amount matching with requirement. Purpose ofthe study to determine the relationship between the knowledge level about fluid bodyrequirement with pattern consume drinking water at student in Academy of Nursing PantiKosala Surakarta.The subject was used as population in the study was all the first year students. The totalpopulation were 139 students, and the sample were 103 students. The samplingtechnique was simple random sampling.This research method represent analytic research with design research of corelasional toknow relationship between knowledge level about fluid body requirement with patternconsume drinking water of student.The results was the high level of knowledge about the fluid body requirment were 74(72%), moderate level of knowledge about the fluid body requirment were 29 (28%), whilethe behavior of consuming appropiate water were 69 (67%), and the behavior ofconsuming inappropiate water were 34 (33%) with a p-value 0.003 <0.05 significant 95%.There was a significant relationship between the knowledge level about fluid bodyrequirement with pattern consume drinking water at student in Academy of Nursing PantiKosala Surakarta.Keywords: knowlegde level, fluid body requirement, pattern consume drinking water.

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