Gathering pre-purchase information for a cruise vacation with virtual reality: the effects of media technology and gender

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Víctor Martínez-Molés ◽  
Timothy Hyungsoo Jung ◽  
Carmen Pérez-Cabañero ◽  
Amparo Cervera-Taulet
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Product Knowledge ◽  
Consumer Learning ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Media Technologies ◽  
Apply Theory ◽  
Cruise Tourism ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Virtual Experiences

Purpose This study aims to apply theory on consumer learning in virtual experiences to compare how media technologies (i.e. virtual reality [VR] and standard websites) and users’ gender influence the ways in which tourists gather pre-purchase information. Design/methodology/approach A laboratory experiment with fully immersive VR was conducted to examine consumers’ behavior in gathering pre-purchase information. The sample comprised 128 consumers who had taken a cruise vacation or who were considering purchasing a cruise package in the near future. Findings The results generally reveal the central role of the feeling of presence, which, in turn, positively impacts users’ enjoyment and aspects of consumer learning (i.e. brand attitude, product knowledge and purchase intent). In particular, the results suggest that compared with standard websites, VR facilitated the tourists’ learning as consumers, especially among women, who tend to dominate the information-gathering stage of planning family vacations. Practical implications The results imply that travel agencies and tourism centers working with cruise vacation companies should incorporate VR to make their offers more attractive, especially to women. Originality/value The study was the first to apply theory on consumer learning in the cruise tourism industry, specifically to compare fully immersive VR devices versus standard websites and gauge the effect of gender.

scholarly journals Application of a gender perspective in tourism research: a theoretical and practical approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-270
Author(s):  
Cristina Figueroa-Domecq ◽  
Mónica Segovia-Perez
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Feminist Studies ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Gender Perspective ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Industry Research ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Further Development

Purpose This paper aims to present a conceptual model that identifies and relates the different approaches and thematic areas in the research area of tourism and gender. Design/methodology/approach The design of the conceptual model is based on a critical review of the literature and the evolution of feminist paradigms and theories. Findings The aforementioned theoretical frameworks are the basis for the further development of feminist studies and a gender perspective in the tourism industry research area, including research design, objectives, methodologies, analysis and result’s presentation. Research limitations/implications Based on literature review, is theoretical. Originality/value Presentation of a conceptual model around the gender perspective in tourism, that leads to the identification of important research opportunities in this area.

scholarly journals APPLYING MODERN MEDIA TECHNOLOGIES TO PRESERVE THE CULTURAL SPACE OF HISTORICAL CITIES USING THE CASE OF ST. PETERSBURG: METHODICAL APPROACHES

2018 ◽  
pp. 17-31
Author(s):  
Анна Антонова ◽  
Anna Antonova ◽  
Александра РАДУШИНСКАЯ ◽  
Aleksandra RADUShINSKAYa ◽  
Ольга ШАРАПОВА ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Virtual Space ◽  
Tourist Attractions ◽  
Media Technologies ◽  
Managerial Decisions ◽  
Tourist Flows ◽  
Multimedia Technologies ◽  
Historic City ◽  
Historic Cities

The article is dedicated to the questions of using modern multimedia technologies for popularization of historical cities as tourist attractions from and for pre- serving cultural heritage by partially transferring the influence of mass tourist flows from the real world to the virtual reality. The authors formulate the main theses of the "new normality", reflecting the specifics of the current stage of economic development and characterizing the environment in which managerial decisions are currently being taken. The au- thors also highlight the main trends and challenges of this "new normality" influencing the development of tourism industry and, particularly, tourism in historical cities. The article notes that technical capabilities and marketing needs of the target audience of travelers should be taken into account. The authors classify modern, technically accessible technologies of augmented and virtual reality and their possibilities in the organization of tourism in historic cities. The article shows the role of storytelling technologies in the forming the audiences of potential tourists and the loyalty of attendees, who visit the historic city more than once. The results of online surveys conducted on a sufficiently wide sample substantiate the relevance of the approaches proposed by the authors. The material also shows the ways of using the augmented reality tools in historical cities. The authors raise the issues of the safe organization of virtual space in the historic cities and propose options for approbation of the developed approach in St. Petersburg.

Virtual reality experiences, attachment and experiential outcomes in tourism

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 481-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hung-Che Wu ◽  
Chi-Han Ai ◽  
Ching-Chan Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Video Games ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Positive Relationships ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Structural Relationships ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the structural relationships between the dimensions of virtual reality (VR) experiences (immersion, interaction, usability and illusion), the dimensions of VR attachment (VR dependence, VR identity, VR affect and VR familiarity) and the dimensions of VR experiential outcomes (VR experiential satisfaction, VR experiential loyalty and VR experiential advocacy). Design/methodology/approach A total of 490 visitors who tried 360 VR travel video games in the TripMoment VR were surveyed. Findings In this study, there are positive relationships between VR experiential satisfaction and immersion, interaction, illusion, as well as VR identity, VR affect and VR familiarity. In addition, VR experiential satisfaction has a positive relationship with VR experiential loyalty. In addition, VR experiential advocacy has a positive relationship with both VR experiential satisfaction and VR experiential loyalty. Practical implications The results show that tourism operators should focus on increasing VR experiential satisfaction and experiential loyalty to enable visitors to have intentions to advocate their VR experiences. Originality/value This paper provides the data that lead to a better understanding of the relationship between the dimensions of VR experiences, VR attachment and VR experiential outcomes in the tourism industry.

The Future of Digital Tourism Alternatives in Virtual Reality

2022 ◽  
pp. 58-84
Author(s):  
Zuleyhan Baran ◽  
Huseyin Baran
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
New Development ◽  
The Future ◽  
Virtual Experiences ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Systematic Framework ◽  
General Perspective

In this study, a review of the future of VR technologies for digital tourism alternatives will be presented. The general purpose of the research is to contribute to VR technologies, which are developing and integrating with new systems with each passing day from the point of view of providing a general perspective in tourism. VR application information to deepen understanding of the scope of the digital future of tourism alternatives will be presented in a systematic framework. In general, VR technologies express the behavioral experiences of individuals in virtual environments. When tourism and VR technologies are combined, the composition of the product in which these virtual experiences are directed towards a purpose emerges. Every new development that occurs from a technological point of VR technology will make it possible to be used in every field of tourism. The contribution of this research is to provide suggestions for future studies as well as practical implications for the tourism industry regarding VR systems, which are among the digital tourism alternatives.

Hotel virtual reality advertising: a presence-mediated model and gender effects

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaying Lyu ◽  
Xi Leung ◽  
Billy Bai ◽  
Marla Stafford
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
University Students ◽  
Virtual Environment ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Brand Attitude ◽  
Gender Effects ◽  
Advertising Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
And Gender

Purpose This paper aims to examine the effectiveness of two types of hotel commercials [virtual reality (VR) versus traditional commercials] by proposing and testing a presence-mediated model along with gender effects. Design/methodology/approach An experimental design is used to test the proposed hypotheses. Data were collected in China, and the Shangri-La hotel brand was chosen. University students were randomly assigned to watch either a hotel VR commercial or a hotel traditional video commercial. One HTC Vive VR headset was provided to those participants in the hotel VR commercial group. Findings The study revealed that VR commercials generate a higher level of vividness and interactivity among customers, which positively influence attitudes toward the ad, brand attitude and booking intention. Moreover, the findings showed that in the virtual environment, women, as compared to men, are influenced more by VR. Originality/value This research is the first to bring the presence model and gender effects together to better understand the effectiveness of VR in hospitality advertising research.

scholarly journals The emergence of cruise tourism in Iran

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masood Khodadadi
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Market ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Content Type ◽  
New Development ◽  
Attractive Option ◽  
Cruise Tourism ◽  
Hospitality Sector ◽  
International Sanctions ◽  
Tourism Potential

Purpose Iran is a country with substantial tourism potential. Iran’s tourism industry, however, was side-lined for decades due to international sanctions. The election of President Hassan Rouhani and the subsequent deal on Iran’s nuclear programme (reached on 14 July 2015) has resulted in softening of nuclear-related international sanctions and brought much needed relief to a struggling tourism industry in Iran. The purpose of this paper is to focus on the emergence of cruise tourism—as an attractive option for both domestic and international markets—with the introduction of the Iran’s first cruise ship, named “Sunny”, since the 1979 revolution. Design/methodology/approach This study is a short viewpoint piece based on the author’s interpretation of cruise tourism development in Iran and its future opportunities and challenges. Findings Following the nuclear deal, Iran has seen a substantial growth in inbound tourist numbers and attracted considerable investment in tourism-related infrastructure such as air transport and the hospitality sector. While cruise tourism is and remains an emerging phenomenon in Iran, it is evident that the country has a vested interest in developing this lucrative sector due to the country’s strong domestic market and potential to serve the international market. Originality/value This is an original topic which has never been investigated before. Cruise tourism is an emerging market in Iran and this study sheds new light on this new development. The paper focuses on the historical, current and future development of the tourism industry in Iran with a specific emphasis on cruise tourism.

Managing interactions in the tourism industry – a strategic tool for success

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Ajagunna ◽  
Ann P. Crick
Keyword(s):  
Role Models ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Nature Tourism ◽  
Strategic Option ◽  
The People ◽  
Cruise Tourism ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – This conceptual paper aims to examine how the concept of host and guest interaction could help remedy the socio-economic impacts as created by tourism in Jamaica. The paper identifies that tourism development in Jamaica has created a range of negative social impacts, which include changes in attitude, aspirations and lifestyles of young people, who may come from poor backgrounds but are increasingly exposed to the consumerist lifestyles of wealthy visitors and the so-called role models in the society, “the Dons”. Design/methodology/approach – A qualitative approach was employed as the focus for this study. The survey of residents, and tourists in Ocho Rios and Negril in Jamaica were primary sources of data for this paper. Findings – The tourism industry in Jamaica has seen a great diversification in recent years. The industry now ranges from conventional tourism (sun, sand, sea and sex) to cruise tourism, moderate community based tourism, heritage and cultural tourism, and more recently nature-tourism. However, social factors remain a deterrent. It is apparent that relying on the concept and principles of host and guest interaction presents a strategic option for success and if one is to understand the impact of tourism on the residents, the inter-action between the various elements in the system must be understood. Originality/value – The attitudes of Jamaicans are important in determining the level of host and guest interaction and the level of success in the industry. Attitude is the fulcrum from which quality service is delivered; as such, the people must be in tune with the industry at all levels in order to achieve a sustainable tourism industry.

Consumer knowledge and religious rulings on products

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazlida Muhamad ◽  
Vai Shiem Leong ◽  
Dick Mizerski
Keyword(s):  
Religious Orientation ◽  
Product Knowledge ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Behavioural Responses ◽  
Religious Influences ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Search Information ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Study Offer

Purpose – This study aims to provide insights on the influence of Muslim consumers’ knowledge on products subjected to contemporary fatwa ruling and their subsequent cognitive and behavioural responses. Design/methodology/approach – MANOVA and MANCOVA were used to examine the influence of religious orientation on young Malaysian Muslims’ product knowledge, and the extent of religious orientation and gender on Muslim consumers’ attitude and behaviour towards three contemporary fatwa rulings of products. Findings – Respondents’ religious orientation differentiates their knowledge on fatwa prohibition ruling of selected brand and behaviours. Consumers’ religious orientation and gender explain consumers’ behavioural responses to variables of the Theory of Planned Behaviour for three behaviours. Evidence suggests that ruling types affects (conditional and unconditional) consumers’ responses. Research limitations/implications – Greater insights are provided on Muslims’ motivation to search information of controversial products, and their subsequent perception and behavioural reactions to controversial products. Findings are limited to the Malaysian Muslim consumers. Practical implications – The fact that contemporary fatwa reached young Muslim generations indicates that managers have to be wary of fatwa to predict Muslim consumers’ marketplace behaviours. Social implications – A significant number of young Malaysian Muslims are keeping abreast with contemporary fatwa. This suggests that they received an early and substantial exposure to Islamic way of life through their socialisation. Originality/value – This study offer insights into the understandings of the young Muslim generation regarding contemporary fatwa on products, and revealed significant findings in relation to consumer product knowledge and religious influences on consumer behaviour.

The future of tourism in an emerging economy: the reality of the cruise industry in Caribbean

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fritz Pinnock
Keyword(s):  
International Association ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cruise Tourism ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
To Come ◽  
High Level ◽  
Cruise Lines

Purpose – In the face of newly industrialised nations, there is the tendency that there will be a shift or redirect of tourists from old tourism destinations to the newly industrialised ones. While there has been a consistent growth in cruising to the Caribbean, the question is whether the growth in cruise ship calls and increase in cruise passenger arrivals to the Caribbean translate into greater development for the region ' s stakeholders or whether this just creates increased profits for the cruise lines, and whether there will be a shift from the Caribbean to the newly industrialised nation in years to come. This paper seeks to address these issues. Design/methodology/approach – This research employed mixed methods approach to answer the research question. The nature of the question and data necessary to answer the question led to the choice of qualitative and quantitative techniques. Findings – The findings from this research will, hopefully, serve as a guide for Caribbean nations to develop a better strategy to cope with the cruise tourism industry; an approach based more along the lines of inter-island collaboration as opposed to competition. Research limitations/implications – Lack of ample data on cruise tourism in the Caribbean was one of the limitations of the study. Another drawback involved the high level of secrecy which surrounds the industry and the unwillingness of cruise lines and their associates to provide access to operational data, which they regard as confidential. Originality/value – The Caribbean, particularly Caribbean governments, will benefit from a greater understanding of the power relations among the cruise tourism stakeholder chain and the profile of costs and benefits associated with the industry. Over the years, the Caribbean has relied solely on the economic impact surveys produced by Florida Caribbean Cruise Association (FCCA) and Cruise Lines International Association (CLIA), both of whom represent the cruise lines, in order to make projections and development plans for the industry.

scholarly journals Arctic expedition cruise tourism and citizen science: a vision for the future of polar tourism

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-111
Author(s):  
Audrey R. Taylor ◽  
Þórný Barðadóttir ◽  
Sarah Auffret ◽  
Annette Bombosch ◽  
Allison Lee Cusick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Science ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Science Data ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cruise Industry ◽  
Cruise Tourism

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide a conceptual framework for using citizen science – defined as a data collection method through which non-professionals engage in contributing to authentic scientific inquiry – within the expedition cruise industry to contribute significantly to the collection of environmental data from hard-to-access Arctic areas. Design/methodology/approach The authors review trends in Arctic expedition cruise tourism and current needs in Arctic research and monitoring, and clarify where the expedition cruise tourism industry could have the most impact by providing data to the scientific community. The authors also compare the regulatory context in the Antarctic to that in the Arctic and discuss how these differences could affect the widespread use of citizen science. At last, the authors describe some general principles for designing citizen science programs to be successful on board, and highlight several existing programs that are being recognized for their contributions to a greater scientific understanding of the Arctic. Findings The authors find that citizen science data from the expedition cruise industry are underutilized as a tool for monitoring Arctic change. Numerous examples illustrate how citizen science programs on-board expedition ships can successfully collect robust scientific data and contribute to enhancing the knowledge and stewardship capacity of cruise passengers. Inclusion of citizen science data from the expedition cruise industry should be considered a critical part of international Arctic observing networks and systems. Social implications Active participation in Arctic citizen science by tourists on expedition cruise ships has many potential benefits beyond the collection of high quality data, from increasing passengers’ knowledge and understanding of the Arctic while on board, to affecting their attitudes and behaviors after they return home. Originality/value The potential for tourism to contribute to Arctic observing systems has been discussed previously in the scientific literature; the authors narrow the focus to citizen science programs in the expedition cruise industry, and provide concrete examples, in the hope that this will streamline acceptance and implementation of these ideas by researchers and tourism practitioners.

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