Wear behaviour of copper/carbon nanotubes

2017 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 342-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor Shamimi Shaari ◽  
Jamaliah Md Said ◽  
Aidah Jumahat ◽  
Muhammad Hussain Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Copper Matrix ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Wear Depth ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pure Cu

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the wear behaviour of copper matrix composites reinforced with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) prepared by powder metallurgy route. Design/methodology/approach The CNTs were treated by sulphuric acid and nitric acid to deagglomerate the CNTs prior mixing with copper powder. The composites comprised 0 to 4 Vol.% pristine CNTs (PCNTs) and also after acid-treated CNTs (ACNTs). The optimum value (pure Cu, 3 Vol.% PCNTs, 3 Vol.% ACNTs) evaluated by micro-hardness test was selected for wear test analysis. Findings The results showed that the enhancement of hardness, weight loss, coefficient of friction, wear depth and surface roughness (Ra) was due to the effect of homogenous distribution of ACNTs in Cu matrix and significant bonding compared to pure Cu and Cu-reinforced PCNTs. The scanning electron microscopy micrograph of worn surfaces and wear depth of the specimens also showed that the addition of ACNTs in Cu resulted in better wear performances. Originality/value CNTs were treated prior processing to improve hardness and wear properties of Cu/CNTs composites.

Wear Properties of Thixoformed Al-5.7Si-2Cu-0.3Mg Aluminium Alloy

2019 ◽  
Vol 285 ◽  
pp. 63-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mnel A. Abdelgnei ◽  
M. Zaidi Omar ◽  
Mariyam Jameelah Ghazali
Keyword(s):  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Cast Alloy ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Dry Sliding Wear ◽  
Dry Sliding ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Delamination Wear ◽  
Sliding Distance

Earlier work has shown that Al-5.7Si-2Cu-0.3Mg aluminium alloy is suitable for thixoforming process. Here, the dry sliding wear behaviour of the alloy, in the as-cast and thixoformed conditions were investigated. The cooling slope technique was used to produce the alloy with globular microstructure for the thixoforming process. Both the thixoformed and cast samples were subjected to T6 heat treatments prior to the wear tests. The tests were carried out using a pin-on-disc tribometer, against a hardened M2 tool steel disc of 62 HRC at different loads, under dry sliding conditions at fixed sliding speed and sliding distance of 1 m.s–1 and 5 km respectively. The microstructural response, worn surfaces were thoroughly and carefully examined using various methods such as scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. The density of the heat treated thixoformed alloys showed significant increase in the hardness property, among others, due to its reduced porosity. Their wear test results also observed that the weight loss of materials increase with an increase in the input load and the sliding distance for all samples. However, the as-cast alloy displayed higher wear rate compared with the thixoformed alloys. In general, the wear mechanisms showed a mixture of abrasive, oxidative and delamination wear (mild wear) at low applied loads and mainly an adhesive (severe wear) at high applied loads.

scholarly journals Sliding Wear Behaviour and Corosion Resistance to Ringer’s Solution of Uncoated and DLC Coated X46Cr13 Steel

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 1895-1900 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Scendo ◽  
N. Radek ◽  
J. Konstanty ◽  
K. Staszewska
Keyword(s):  
Sliding Wear ◽  
Oxidation Kinetic ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Corrosion Mechanism ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Ringer’S Solution ◽  
Dlc Coating ◽  
Resistance To Sliding ◽  
Sliding Wear Behaviour

Abstract Sliding wear properties and corrosion resistance in Ringer’s solution of uncoated and diamond-like carbon (DLC) coated X46Cr13 steel was tested. The Raman spectra showed that the DLC film was successfully coated by plasma assisted CVD method onto the steel surface. The wear test, carried out using a ball-on disk tribometer, revealed that the DLC coating show better resistance to sliding wear and lower friction coefficient against a 100Cr6 steel ball than five times softer X46Cr13 steel. The oxidation kinetic parameters were determined by means of both the gravimetric and electrochemical method. It was found that the DLC coating markedly decreased the rate of corrosion of the X46Cr13 steel, irrespective of the corrosion mechanism involved.

scholarly journals Enhanced Wear Performance of Cu-Carbon Nanotubes Composite Coatings Prepared by Jet Electrodeposition

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongdong Ning ◽  
Ao Zhang ◽  
Hui Wu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Composite Coating ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Uniform Electric Field ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Jet Electrodeposition ◽  
Pure Cu

Cu-carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composite coatings with high CNT content and uniformly distributed CNTs were successfully prepared via jet electrodeposition. Pristine CNTs, without any treatment like acid functionalization, were used. Anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was used to increase the wettability of the CNTs and improve the content of incorporated CNTs. With an appropriate SDS concentration (300 mg/L) in the electrolyte, the incorporated CNT content is as high as 2.84 wt %, much higher than the values reported using conventional electrodeposition (0.42–1.05 wt %). The high-content CNTs were uniformly distributed in the composite coating. The surface morphology of this composite coating (2.84 wt % CNTs) was flat due to the uniform electric field in jet electrodeposition. In the wear test a with load of 1 N and sliding speed of 0.02 m/s, the wear rate of this composite coating was 1.3 × 10−2 mg/Nm, 85.4% lower than that of pure Cu. The enhanced wear performance of Cu-CNTs composite coatings can be attributed to high CNT content and flat surface morphology.

Enhancing the mechanical, wear behaviour of copper matrix composite with 2V-Gr as reinforcement

2020 ◽  
pp. 135065012096057
Author(s):  
J Jabinth ◽  
N Selvakumar
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Matrix Composite ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Casting Process ◽  
Copper Matrix ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Copper Matrix Composite ◽  
Pure Cu

In the present study, copper along with secondary hybrid reinforcements like Vanadium (V) and Graphene-L (Gr-L) with various proportions like pure Cu, Cu-2V, Cu-2V-0.5Gr, Cu-2V-1Gr, Cu-2V-1.5Gr are added to evaluate the behaviour of Copper Matrix Composite. The evenly dispersion of heterogeneous Copper Matrix Composite is achieved by the economical stir casting process. The heterogeneous mixture with metallic materials is a promising strategy to improve the properties of CMC. The prepared specimen is subjected to various testing processes to test the properties like Tensile strength, hardness, Yield strength, Impact strength and wear behaviours. The grain formation of hybrid CMC is also studied using an optical microscope to see the relationship between strength and grain size. The characterization of hybrid CMC is done by X-ray diffraction, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy. Fractography is also done to investigate the debonding mechanism of heterogeneous composites. The wear behavior of the hybrid composite is examined by Pin-on-disc tribometer. The results obtained, shows that, there is a reduction in grain size with the increase in addition of vanadium and graphene-L. The decrease in grain size has directly contributed to the improvement of mechanical properties of CMC. There is also an enhancement in wear behavior such as improvement in co-efficient of friction and wear resistance with increase in hybrid composition. This paves a new strategy and acts as a reliable reinforcement to improve the behaviour of copper based metal matrix composites.

Investigation on microstructures, mechanical and wear properties of Al 390/ZrO2 composite materials fabricated by P/M method

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-166
Author(s):  
Karthikeyan S ◽  
Karunanithi R ◽  
Ashoke Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Matrix Alloy ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
High Wear Resistance ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Pin On Disc ◽  
A390 Alloy

PurposeAluminium is the most proficiently and commonly used metal due to its desirable physical, chemical and mechanical properties. When Aluminium reinforced with hard ceramic particles, shows increased strength and good corrosion resistant and wear resistant qualities. In the present investigation, A390 + X vol. % Zro2 (X = 5, 10 and 15) composites have been fabricated through P/M technique.Design/methodology/approachAfter that the microstructural properties are tested by scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis wear test is performed using pin-on-disc machine.FindingsThe wear conditions of applied load 30N and sliding velocity 1 m/s and track distance 1000m was followed. A390 + 15% Zro2 of surface of the composites unveiled greater hardness when compared with A390 alloy.Originality/valueA390 + 15% Zro2 exhibited superior wear resistance than that of the matrix alloy. Thus the material proves as an excellent solution for applications that requires high wear resistance.

Wear of Spiral Seal Cone Bit in Complex Formations

SPE Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Y. Zhou ◽  
J. H. Hu ◽  
B. Tan ◽  
Y. Jiang ◽  
Y. F. Tang
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Wear Mechanism ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Wear Testing ◽  
Wear Loss ◽  
Wear Depth ◽  
Wear Properties

Summary Sealing is a technical bottleneck that affects drilling efficiency and cost in deep, difficult-to-drill formations. The spiral combination seal with active sand removal performance is a new type of seal, and the wear mechanism is not clear, resulting in no effective design. In this study, the wear properties of materials were measured by a friction-and-wear testing machine, and the measurement methods and criteria of wear loss and friction coefficient were established. The fitting function of working condition and friction coefficient was studied by fitting regression method. The law of influence of working conditions on friction coefficient and wear amount was determined. The actual wear model and evaluation criteria of wear condition were established by using wear test data and geometric relationship. The relationship among working conditions, contact stress, and wear depth is determined by numerical simulation method, and the wear mechanism of the new seal is revealed, which provides a theoretical basis for its application.

Mechanisms of the copper third body as an interfacial media on copper matrix friction materials with different compositions

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangyu Du ◽  
Junying Yang ◽  
Fei Gao ◽  
Xiaoming Han ◽  
Linlin Su
Keyword(s):  
Copper Powder ◽  
Copper Matrix ◽  
Third Body ◽  
Friction Materials ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Third ◽  
Pin On Disc ◽  
Copper Component ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Pure Cu

Purpose This paper aims to reveal the effects of the copper third body on different copper matrix friction materials with a novel experimental way called “exogenous powder.” Design/methodology/approach An accurate adding device of exogenous copper powder was designed to control the flow rate. The tribological properties with and without exogenous copper powder were investigated by a pin-on-disc tribometer during dry sliding. Findings Experimental results indicate that the Cu addition tends to increase the friction coefficient. For pure Cu material, the exogenous copper third body exhibits poor fluidity on the friction surface, causing serious adhesive wear on the friction interface. For the Cu 90% + 10% Gr material, the plasticity of exogenous copper powder may intensify the deformation of the third body of the surface, presenting layered accumulation distribution. For the pure Cu and Cu 95% + 5% SiO2 material, the Cu addition makes the composition and density of the third body uneven in the direction of depth. Originality/value The role of the copper component on different materials is revealed from a new perspective, and the relationship between the third body structure and the friction properties is explored.

Optimization of working parameters on wear behaviour of the sinter-forged plain carbon steel

2015 ◽  
Vol 231 (8) ◽  
pp. 1379-1388
Author(s):  
TK Kandavel ◽  
R Sravanesh ◽  
P Karthikeyan
Keyword(s):  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Compressive Load ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Plain Carbon Steel ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Wear Loss ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Working Parameters

Powder metallurgy plain carbon steel (Fe–0.5% C) replaces gradually the conventional C45 steel in all industrial sectors due to its comparable strength and better metallurgical properties. This research investigates the influence of density/porosity of powder metallurgy plain carbon steel on wear characteristics and optimizes the wear working parameters to establish minimum wear loss and coefficient of friction during wear using Taguchi-grey relational optimization analysis. The sintered steel preforms were subjected to uni-axial compressive load (cold upset) to obtain various percentage theoretical densities. The wear test specimens made out of various densities of the sinter-forged plain carbon steel were used to conduct wear tests as per the test plan generated by the Design Expert software. The optical and scanning electron microscope images taken from the worn test specimens were used for the investigations of wear mechanisms of the alloy steel. It is observed from the wear test results that the porosity in the powder metallurgy plain carbon steel has a vital role in wear properties of the steel. It has also been found that the optimized working parameters such as speed and load are found as same irrespective of the densities of the plain carbon steel.

Wear analysis on EN8, EN9 and EN24

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-192
Author(s):  
Suraj R. ◽  
Jithish K.S.
Keyword(s):  
Wear Testing ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Wear Analysis ◽  
Use Wear ◽  
Specific Dimension ◽  
Pin On Disc ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Time Required

Purpose This paper aims to present a comparative study of the wear properties of ferrous welded materials like EN8, EN9 and mild steel (MS). Design/methodology/approach The material is cut into specific dimension after hardfacing and is studied for the wear properties of the material. The wear testing is done on a pin-on-disc apparatus. The microhardness of the material is studied using the Vickers microhardness measuring apparatus. Findings The wear properties of ferrous welded materials like EN8, EN9 and MS are studied. It is found the MS has the least wear when compared to EN8 and EN9. The microhardness of MS is higher than EN8 and EN9, thus making it more wear-resistant than EN8 and EN9. The coefficient of friction in the dry sliding condition is found to be constant throughout the experiment. Research limitations/implications Major restriction is the amount of time required for use-wear analysis and replication experiments that are necessary to produce reliable results. These limitations mean that the analysis of total assemblages with the intention of producing specific results, especially of worked materials, is not feasible. Practical implications Generally, the complexity and rigour of the analysis depend primarily on the engineering needs and secondarily on the wear situation. It has been the author’s experience that simple and basic wear analyses, conducted in the proper manner, are often adequate in many engineering situations. Integral and fundamental to the wear analysis approach is the treatment of wear and wear behaviour as a system property. As a consequence, wear analysis is not limited to the evaluation of the effects of materials on wear behaviour. Wear analysis often enables the identification of nonmaterial solutions or nonmaterial elements in a solution to wear problems. For example, changes in or recommendations for contact geometry, roughness, tolerance and so on are often the results of a wear analysis. Originality/value The value of the work lies in the utility of the results obtained to researchers and users of the EN8, EN9 and EN24 material for their components.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATION OF COMPOSITE METAL MATRIX REINFORCED WITH CARBON NANOTUBES

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-229
Author(s):  
Merivt Mahdi Hanoos
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
Solution Heat Treatment ◽  
Base Alloy ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Detailed Characterization ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Test Increase

This work focuses on studying the effect of adding nanoparticles on the mechanical properties of the alloy (Al-4%Si) reinforced with carbon nanotube at a different weight percentage (0.25,0.5 and 1%wt). prepared the base alloy and the reinforced materials in a casting followed by solution heat treatment in the furnace at temperature 520ºC for 2 hr. , then artificially aged immediately at the temperature of 185 Co for (2-8 hr.). A detailed characterization of the composite metal matrix structure has performed using XRD, microhardness and wear rate measurements. The results demonstrated that the values of the hardness test increase with an increasing weight percentage of CNTs, this enhancement wear properties of the base alloy reinforced for all percentage of carbon nanotubes additive especially at the weight percentage of 0.5%.

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