Continuous harmonic impedance assessment using online measurements

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duan Serfontein ◽  
Johan Rens ◽  
Gerhard Botha ◽  
Jan Desmet
Keyword(s):  
Online Measurements

Analysis of paper, print and press interaction from online measurements in a press room

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörgen Ungh ◽  
Carl-Magnus Nilsson ◽  
Antanas Verikas
Keyword(s):  
Online Measurements ◽  
Press Room

scholarly journals Automatic 1D 1H NMR Metabolite Quantification for Bioreactor Monitoring

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Roy Chih Chung Wang ◽  
David A. Campbell ◽  
James R. Green ◽  
Miroslava Čuperlović-Culf
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Nmr Metabolomics ◽  
Gene Therapies ◽  
Quantification Method ◽  
Minimal Sample ◽  
Enhanced Production ◽  
Bioreactor Monitoring ◽  
Online Measurements ◽  
Metabolite Quantification ◽  
Set Up

High-throughput metabolomics can be used to optimize cell growth for enhanced production or for monitoring cell health in bioreactors. It has applications in cell and gene therapies, vaccines, biologics, and bioprocessing. NMR metabolomics is a method that allows for fast and reliable experimentation, requires only minimal sample preparation, and can be set up to take online measurements of cell media for bioreactor monitoring. This type of application requires a fully automated metabolite quantification method that can be linked with high-throughput measurements. In this review, we discuss the quantifier requirements in this type of application, the existing methods for NMR metabolomics quantification, and the performance of three existing quantifiers in the context of NMR metabolomics for bioreactor monitoring.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Process Control Schemes for Sour Water Strippers in Petroleum Refining

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 363
Author(s):  
Chii-Dong Ho ◽  
Yih-Hang Chen ◽  
Chao-Min Chang ◽  
Hsuan Chang
Keyword(s):  
Feedback Control ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Feedforward Control ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Dynamic Responses ◽  
Control Schemes ◽  
Online Measurements ◽  
Measurement Delay ◽  
Water Feed ◽  
Sour Water

For the sour water strippers in petroleum refinery plants, three prediction models were developed first, including the estimators of sour water feed concentrations using convenient online measurements, the minimum reboiler duty and the corresponding internal temperature at a specific location (Tstage,29). Feedforward control schemes were developed based on these prediction models. Four categories of control schemes, including feedforward, feedback, feedback with external reset, and feedforward-feedback, were proposed and evaluated by the rigorous dynamic simulation model of the sour water stripper for their dynamic responses to the sour water feed stream disturbances. The comparison of control performance, in terms of the settling time, integrated absolute error (IAE) of the NH3 concentration of the stripped sour water and IAE of the specific reboiler duty, reveals that FFT (feedforward control of Tstage,29) and FBA-DT3 (feedback control with 3 min concentration measurement delay) are the best control schemes. The second-best control scheme is FBAT (cascade feedback control of concentration with temperature).

scholarly journals Advanced Kinetic Modeling of Bio-co-polymer Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Production Using Fructose and Propionate as Carbon Sources

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1260
Author(s):  
Stefanie Duvigneau ◽  
Robert Dürr ◽  
Jessica Behrens ◽  
Achim Kienle
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Kinetic Modeling ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Current Yield ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Parameter Variations ◽  
Online Measurements

Biopolymers are a promising alternative to petroleum-based plastic raw materials. They are bio-based, non-toxic and degradable under environmental conditions. In addition to the homopolymer poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB), there are a number of co-polymers that have a broad range of applications and are easier to process in comparison to PHB. The most prominent representative from this group of bio-copolymers is poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV). In this article, we show a new kinetic model that describes the PHBV production from fructose and propionic acid in Cupriavidus necator (C. necator). The developed model is used to analyze the effects of process parameter variations such as the CO2 amount in the exhaust gas and the feed rate. The presented model is a valuable tool to improve the microbial PHBV production process. Due to the coupling of CO2 online measurements in the exhaust gas to the biomass production, the model has the potential to predict the composition and the current yield of PHBV in the ongoing process.

scholarly journals Variable Temperature Synthesis of Tunable Flame-Generated Carbon Nanoparticles

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Francesca Picca ◽  
Angela Di Pietro ◽  
Mario Commodo ◽  
Patrizia Minutolo ◽  
Andrea D’Anna
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanoparticles ◽  
Variable Temperature ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Electrical Mobility ◽  
Material Synthesis ◽  
Online Measurements ◽  
Degree Of Graphitization

In this study, flame-formed carbon nanoparticles of different nanostructures have been produced by changing the flame temperature. Raman spectroscopy has been used for the characterization of the carbon nanoparticles, while the particle size has been obtained by online measurements made by electrical mobility analysis. The results show that, in agreement with recent literature data, a large variety of carbon nanoparticles, with a different degree of graphitization, can be produced by changing the flame temperature. This methodology allows for the synthesis of very small carbon nanoparticles with a size of about 3-4 nm and with different graphitic orders. Under the perspective of the material synthesis process, the variable-temperature flame-synthesis of carbon nanoparticles appears as an attractive procedure for a cost-effective and easily scalable production of highly tunable carbon nanoparticles.

Development and validation of a cryogen-free automatic gas chromatograph system (GC-MS/FID) for online measurements of volatile organic compounds

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (23) ◽  
pp. 9424-9434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Wang ◽  
Limin Zeng ◽  
Sihua Lu ◽  
Min Shao ◽  
Xinglong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Gas Chromatograph ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Online Measurements ◽  
Development And Validation

A cryogen-free, automatic gas chromatograph system was developed for online measurements of volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere.

Toward a Real Time Control of Toolpath in Milling Processes

2013 ◽  
Vol 554-557 ◽  
pp. 706-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabien Poulhaon ◽  
Matthieu Rauch ◽  
Adrien Leygue ◽  
Jean Yves Hascoet ◽  
Francisco Chinesta
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Constant Thickness ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Cnc Machine ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Time Control ◽  
Online Measurements ◽  
Bilateral Approach ◽  
On Line ◽  
Cnc Controller

Real-time control of manufacturing processes is a challenging issue for nowadays industry. The need for ever more efficient production requires new strategies in order to make correct decisions in an acceptable time. In a large number of cases, operators working on a CNC machine tool have a reduced number of possibilities for interacting in real-time with the machine. Numerical simulation based control is in that sense an appealing alternative to the conventional approach since it provides the operator with an additional source of information, confirming his choices or in reverse suggesting a more adapted strategy. The main goal of this work is to propose a method to move from a bilateral approach (operator and CNC controller) to a trilateral one where the simulation is an active component of the manufacturing process. This paper focuses on a simple issue sometimes encountered in milling processes: how to remove a constant thickness of material at the surface of a part whose exact geometry is unknown? The difficulty lies in the choice of an appropriate trajectory for the tool. So far the method which is employed consists in acquiring the geometry of the part thanks to a palpation step made prior to milling. However, this step has to be repeated for each part and can become rather fastidious as the size of the part increases. The approach presented here gets rid of the palpation step and makes use of online measurements for identifying the real geometry and correcting the trajectory of the tool in accordance. By monitoring the forces applying on the tool (directly on the NC), we have access to the milling depth and therefore to the geometry of the part at several locations along the trajectory of the tool. This information is used as an input data for our numerical model running on an external device, which finally derives an approximation for the geometry. An optimized trajectory is then obtained and is updated on the machine. This procedure is repeated as the tool moves forward and it allows for a fast and robust on-line correction of the toolpath.

scholarly journals Polarization properties of aerosol particles over western Japan: classification, seasonal variation, and implications for air quality

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. L. Pan ◽  
I. Uno ◽  
Y. Hara ◽  
K. Osada ◽  
S. Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Aerosol Particles ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Sea Salt ◽  
Spherical Particles ◽  
Aerosol Composition ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollutants ◽  
Online Measurements ◽  
Dependent Polarization ◽  
Western Japan

Abstract. Ground-based observations of the polarization properties of aerosol particles using a polarization optical particle counter (POPC) were performed from October 2013 to January 2015 at a suburban site in the Kyushu area of Japan. By conducting an analysis of online measurements of aerosol composition, we investigated size-dependent polarization characteristics for three typical aerosol types (anthrop ogenic pollutants, dust, and sea salt). We found that, for supermicron particles, its depolarization ratio (DR, the fraction of s-polarized signal in the total back ward light scattering signal) generally increased with the particle size, and a threshold value of 0.1 could be used to identify the irsphericity. In summer, air pollution was less serious, and the DR of aerosol particles was relatively small due to the influence of spherical sea salt particles in high humidity conditions. This study indicated that air masses were transported across the Asian continent and contained not only anthropogenic pollutants, but also large amounts of non-spherical particles (i.e., dust), which could impact on the air quality in western Japan, especially in winter and spring. The variation of number fraction of spherical particles did not correlate with relative humidity averaged along the trajectories of air parcels, indicating the coexistence of hydrophobic substances (e.g., mineral dust and organics), although the sulfate and nitrate mass concentrations were high.

Accounting for sensor calibration, concentration heterogeneity, measurement and sampling uncertainties in monitoring urban drainage systems

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.-L. Bertrand-Krajewski ◽  
J.-P. Bardin ◽  
M. Mourad ◽  
Y. Béranger
Keyword(s):  
Performance Indicator ◽  
Sensor Calibration ◽  
Urban Drainage ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Drainage Systems ◽  
Methods And Techniques ◽  
Urban Drainage Systems ◽  
Online Measurements

Assessing the functioning and the performance of urban drainage systems on both rainfall event and yearly time scales is usually based on online measurements of flow rates and on samples of influent and effluent for some rainfall events per year. In order to draw pertinent scientific and operational conclusions from the measurement results, it is absolutely necessary to use appropriate methods and techniques in order to i) calibrate sensors and analytical methods, ii) validate raw data, iii) evaluate measurement uncertainties, iv) evaluate the number of rainfall events to sample per year in order to determine performance indicator with a given uncertainty. Based on previous work, the paper gives a synthetic review of required methods and techniques, and illustrates their application to storage and settling tanks. Experiments show that, despite controlled and careful experimental conditions, relative uncertainties are about 20% for flow rates in sewer pipes, 6-10% for volumes, 25-35% for TSS concentrations and loads, and 18-276% for TSS removal rates. In order to evaluate the annual pollutant interception efficiency of storage and settling tanks with a given uncertainty, efforts should first be devoted to decrease the sampling uncertainty by increasing the number of sampled events.

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