Non-Destructive Assessment of Kiwifruit Flesh Firmness by a Contactless Waveguide Device and Multivariate Regression Analyses

Despite the well-documented use of damage control laparotomy (DCL) in civilian trauma, its use has not been well described in the combat setting. Therefore, we sought to document the use of DCL and to investigate its effect on patient outcome. Prospective data were collected on 1603 combat casualties injured between April 2003 and January 2009. One hundred seventy patients (11%) underwent an exploratory laparotomy (ex lap) in theater and comprised the study cohort. DCL was defined as an abbreviated ex lap resulting in an open abdomen. Patients were stratified by age, Injury Severity Score (ISS), Glasgow Coma Score (GCS), mechanism of injury, and blood product administration. Multivariate regression analyses were used to determine risks factors for intensive care unit length of stay (ICU LOS), hospital length of stay (HLOS), and the need for DCL. Mean age of the cohort was 24 ± 5 years, ISS was 21 ± 11, and 94 per cent sustained penetrating injury. Patients with DCL comprised 50.6 per cent (n = 86) of the study cohort and had significant increases in ICU admission ( P < 0.001), ICU LOS ( P < 0.001), HLOS ( P < 0.05), ventilator days ( P < 0.001), abdominal complications ( P < 0.05), but not mortality ( P = 0.65) compared with patients without DCL. When compared with the non-DCL group, patients undergoing DCL required significantly more blood products (packed red blood cells, fresh-frozen plasma, platelets, and cryoprecipitate; P < 0.001). Multivariate regression analyses revealed blood transfusion and GCS as significant risk factors for DCL ( P < 0.05). Patients undergoing DCL had increased complications and resource use but not mortality compared with patients not undergoing DCL. The need for combat DCL may be different compared with civilian use. Prospective studies to evaluate outcomes of DCL are warranted.

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Positivity to Cocaine and/or Benzoylecgonine in Confirmation Analyses for On-Road Tests in Spain

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18105371 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (10) ◽

pp. 5371

Author(s):

Francisco Herrera-Gómez ◽

Eduardo Gutiérrez-Abejón ◽

Mercedes García-Mingo ◽

F. Javier Álvarez

Keyword(s):

Multivariate Regression ◽

Real Life ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Regression Analyses ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽

Life Data ◽

Polysubstance Use ◽

Real Life Data ◽

Other Substances ◽

Positive Results

We are using real-life data in order to determine the prevalence of driving with the presence of cocaine and/or benzoylecgonine (BZE), their concentrations, and their use in combination with other drugs. This study assessed data on Spanish drivers with confirmed drug-positive results recorded by the Spanish National Traffic Agency from 2011–2016. Frequencies of positivity for cocaine and/or BZE and concentration of such substances were obtained. Comparisons and univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed. Drivers who tested positive for cocaine and/or BZE accounted for 48.59% of the total positive results for drugs. In positive cases for both cocaine and BZE, other substances were detected in 81.74%: delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) (68.19%), opioids (20.78%) and amphetamine-like substances (16.76%). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, the frequency of cocaine and/or BZE positive cases decreased with age (OR:0.97) and were less likely among women (OR:0.63). Concentrations (ng/mL) of cocaine (249.30) and BZE (137.90) were higher when both substances were detected together than when detected alone. Positivity to cocaine represented an important proportion among Spanish drivers who tested positive for drugs, and polysubstance use was especially observed in more than 8 out of 10 positive cases for cocaine and/or BZE.

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Retirement intentions: what is the role of push factors in predicting retirement intentions?

Ageing and Society ◽

10.1017/s0144686x12000281 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 33 (6) ◽

pp. 988-1008 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

JODI OAKMAN ◽

YVONNE WELLS

Keyword(s):

Job Satisfaction ◽

Social Cohesion ◽

Multivariate Regression ◽

Regression Analyses ◽

Length Of Service ◽

Older Employees ◽

Work Factors ◽

Retirement Intentions ◽

Insight Into

ABSTRACTPopulation ageing will significantly impact labour markets in most Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development countries and as a result individuals will need to remain in paid employment for longer to fund their retirement years. This study examines the retirement intentions of employees of a large public-sector organisation located in Victoria, Australia that was interested in developing policies to assist with retention of their mature-age workforce. Multivariate regression analyses were used to identify the most important predictors of intention to retire. The dependent variable, Intended timing of retirement, was analysed in two forms, as continuous and dichotomised measures. Age and Length of service were strong independent predictors of Intention to retire soon (within five years). Of the work factors that were analysed (Job satisfaction, Job demands, Job control, and Social cohesion), low Job satisfaction and high Social cohesion scores indicated an increased likelihood of retiring soon. The results provide some insight into the development of organisational interventions that might assist with retaining older employees for longer.

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Susceptible genes of restless legs syndrome in migraine

Cephalalgia ◽

10.1177/0333102415620907 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 36 (11) ◽

pp. 1028-1037 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Jong-Ling Fuh ◽

Ming-Yi Chung ◽

Shu-Chih Yao ◽

Ping-Kun Chen ◽

Yi-Chu Liao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Restless Legs Syndrome ◽

Genetic Variants ◽

Multivariate Regression ◽

Iron Homeostasis ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Regression Analyses ◽

Single Nucleotide ◽

Association Analyses ◽

Restless Legs ◽

Increased Risk

Objective Several genetic variants have been found to increase the risk of restless legs syndrome (RLS). The aim of the present study was to determine if these genetic variants were also associated with the comorbidity of RLS and migraine in patients. Methods Thirteen single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at six RLS risk loci ( MEIS1, BTBD9, MAP2K5, PTPRD, TOX3, and an intergenic region on chromosome 2p14) were genotyped in 211 migraine patients with RLS and 781 migraine patients without RLS. Association analyses were performed for the overall cohort, as well as for the subgroups of patients who experienced migraines with and without aura and episodic migraines (EMs) vs. chronic migraines (CMs). In order to verify which genetic markers were potentially related to the incidence of RLS in migraine patients, multivariate regression analyses were also performed. Results Among the six tested loci, only MEIS1 was significantly associated with RLS. The most significant SNP of MEIS1, rs2300478, increased the risk of RLS by 1.42-fold in the overall cohort ( p = 0.0047). In the subgroup analyses, MEIS1 augmented the risk of RLS only in the patients who experienced EMs (odds ratio (OR) = 1.99, p = 0.0004) and not those experiencing CMs. Multivariate regression analyses further showed that rs2300478 in MEIS1 (OR = 1.39, p = 0.018), a CM diagnosis (OR = 1.52, p = 0.022), and depression (OR = 1.86, p = 0.005) were independent predictors of RLS in migraine. Conclusions MEIS1 variants were associated with an increased risk of RLS in migraine patients. It is possible that an imbalance in iron homeostasis and the dopaminergic system may represent a link between RLS incidence and migraines.

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Abstract P717: Central Midbrain Strokes Are More Liable for Respiratory Failure Then Other Brain Stem Strokes

Stroke ◽

10.1161/str.52.suppl_1.p717 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 52 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Omar M Hussein ◽

Eder Caceres ◽

kasser saba ◽

Hera Kamdar ◽

khalid Sawalha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Failure ◽

Brain Stem ◽

Medulla Oblongata ◽

Multivariate Regression ◽

Clear Understanding ◽

Regression Analyses ◽

Periaqueductal Grey ◽

Stroke Registry ◽

Adaptive Nature ◽

The Brain

Background: Respiratory centers are known to be present in the central medulla oblongata and pons. There are multiple complex respiratory networks involving these centers. The midbrain periaqueductal grey is believed to act as a regulator of the respiratory function. The effect of brain-stem strokes on respiration remains understudied. There is a lack of clear understanding of the anatomical influence of such strokes on respiration. We attempted to identify brain-stem locations with the highest liability for respiratory failure in case of stroke. Methods: We included all ischemic and hemorrhagic brain-stem strokes from our stroke-registry between 2016 and 2018 then performed univariate/multivariate regression-analyses on variables that might predict respiratory failure and the need for intubation. The brain stem was divided into nine locations (right lateral, central, left lateral in each of the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata). Results: Out of 128 brain-stem strokes of different sizes and etiologies, central midbrain strokes were the only significant and independent affected location associated with respiratory failure and endotracheal intubation (coefficient= 0.1256, 95%-CI= 0.0175, 0.2338, p= 0.023). R-squared was equal to 15% when only central midbrain strokes stayed in the model. Conclusions: While one might assume that central medullary and pontine strokes have the most impact on respiration; our results show that central midbrain is the most impactful, accounting for about 15% of respiratory instability associated with brain-stem strokes. This can be explained by the adaptive nature of respiratory circuits within the medulla and pons. Central periaqueductal grey within the midbrain controls the rate and depth of respiration and might not have the same flexibility present elsewhere.

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On the mental toughness of self-aware athletes: Evidence from competitive tennis players

South African Journal of Science ◽

10.17159/sajs.2017/20160112 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol Volume 113 (Number 1/2) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Richard G. Cowden ◽

◽

Keyword(s):

South African ◽

Multivariate Regression ◽

Research Evidence ◽

The Self ◽

Mental Toughness ◽

Self Awareness ◽

Regression Analyses ◽

Tennis Players ◽

Self Reflection ◽

The Relationship

Abstract This study examined the relationship between mental toughness (MT) and self-awareness in a sample of 175 male and 158 female South African tennis athletes (mean age = 29.09 years, s.d. = 14.00). The participants completed the Sport Mental Toughness Questionnaire and the Self-Reflection and Insight Scale to assess MT (confidence, constancy, control) and self-awareness (self-reflection and self-insight) dimensions, respectively. Linear regression indicated that self-insight (β=0.49), but not self-reflection (β=0.02), predicted global MT. Multivariate regression analyses were significant for self-reflection (ηp²=0.11) and self-insight (ηp²=0.24). Self-reflection predicted confidence and constancy (ηp²=0.05 and 0.06, respectively), whereas self-insight predicted all three MT subcomponents (ηp²=0.12 to 0.14). The findings extend prior qualitative research evidence supporting the relevance of self-awareness to the MT of competitive tennis athletes, with self-reflection and insight forming prospective routes through which athletes’ MT may be developed.

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Adiposity, education and weight loss effort are independently associated with energy reporting quality in the Ontario Food Survey

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980007258598 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 803-809 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Heather Ward ◽

Valerie Tarasuk ◽

Rena Mendelson

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Food Insecurity ◽

Multivariate Regression ◽

Secondary Analysis ◽

Primary Source ◽

Reporting Quality ◽

Personal Characteristics ◽

Total Energy Expenditure ◽

Regression Analyses ◽

Men And Women

AbstractObjectivesTo examine the associations of adiposity, dietary restraint and other personal characteristics with energy reporting quality.Design/subjectsSecondary analysis of 230 women and 158 men from the 1997/98 Ontario Food Survey.MethodsEnergy reporting quality was estimated by ratios of energy intake (EI) to both basal metabolic rate (BMR) and total energy expenditure (TEE). Multivariate regression analyses were conducted to examine energy reporting quality between two dietary recalls and in relation to body mass index (BMI) with adjustment for potential confounders. Energy reporting quality was explored across categories of age, BMI, income, education, dieting status and food insecurity through analysis of variance (ANOVA).ResultsFrom the ANOVA, energy reporting quality was associated with BMI group, age category and weight loss for men and women, as well as with education among women (P < 0.05). The multivariate regression analyses indicated that energy reporting quality was positively associated with education and inversely associated with obesity and dieting. No associations were observed in relation to food insecurity or income (P>0.05). EI:BMR and EI:TEE on the first and second 24-hour recalls were positively related (P < 0.0001 for men and women). A higher proportion of variance in energy reporting quality was explained for women than for men (R2 = 0.19 and 0.14, respectively).ConclusionsStudies of diet and adiposity are probably hindered to some extent by BMI-related variation in energy reporting quality. Methods to address this issue are urgently needed if population surveys will continue to serve as the primary source of dietary intake data.

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A Predictive Model of Pandemic Disaster Fear Caused by Coronavirus (COVID-19): Implications for Decision-Makers

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph19020652 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 652

Author(s):

Vladimir M. Cvetković ◽

Neda Nikolić ◽

Adem Ocal ◽

Jovana Martinović ◽

Aleksandar Dragašević

Keyword(s):

Predictive Model ◽

Multivariate Regression ◽

Quantitative Research ◽

Disaster Risk ◽

Decision Makers ◽

Regression Analyses ◽

Socioeconomic Characteristics ◽

Significant Public Health ◽

Research Questions ◽

Structured Questionnaire

This paper presents quantitative research results regarding a predictive model of pandemic disaster fear caused by the coronavirus disease (COVİD-19). The aim of this paper was to establish the level and impact of certain demographic and socioeconomic characteristics on pandemic disaster fear caused by the coronavirus (COVID-19). The research was conducted using a questionnaire that was provided and then collected online for 1226 respondents during May 2021. A closed, five-point Likert scale was used to create the structured questionnaire. The first section of the questionnaire included research questions about the participants’ socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, while the second section included issue questions about fear caused by COVID-19. The results of multivariate regression analyses showed the most important predictor for fear of COVID-19 to be gender, followed by age and education level. Furthermore, the results of t-tests showed statistically significant differences between men and women in terms of different aspects of pandemic disaster fear caused by the coronavirus disease. Our results have several significant public health implications. Women who were more educated and knowledgeable, married, and older, reported a greater fear of the outbreak at various levels. Decision-makers can use these findings to identify better strategic opportunities for pandemic disaster risk management.

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Offenders living with mental illness: How are they perceived by future professionals?

Journal of Social Work ◽

10.1177/1468017318757383 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 83-101 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Cynthia Weaver ◽

Joohee Lee ◽

Hwanseok Choi ◽

W Wesley Johnson ◽

Carl Clements

Keyword(s):

Mental Illness ◽

Social Work ◽

Political Ideology ◽

Multivariate Regression ◽

Social Work Students ◽

Mentally Ill Offenders ◽

Regression Analyses ◽

Negative Stereotypes ◽

Systems Collaboration ◽

Offenders With Mental Illness

Summary This study investigates the attitudes of Criminal Justice and Social Work majors toward offenders living with mental illness. Multivariate regression analyses were used to explore differences in attitudes between student majors, controlling for factors such as age, race, and political ideology among a sample of 358 respondents. Participant attitudes and beliefs were assessed using the Attitudes toward Mentally Ill Offenders scale which consists of four factors: negative stereotypes, rehabilitation/compassion, community risk, and diminished responsibility. Findings Results of multivariate regression analyses indicated that Social Work students were less likely to have negative stereotypes toward offenders with mental illness and tended to be more supportive of their potential for rehabilitation. Applications It is important to understand attitudes toward and beliefs about adult offenders living with mental illness among future professionals likely to serve this population. Understanding these attitudes has the potential to both inform the higher education curricula as well as strengthen the implementation of evidence-supported practices and policies that require cross-systems collaboration.

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