Dengue fever is an emerging public health concern in the city of Multan, Pakistan: its seroprevalence and associated risk factors

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
pp. 729-731
Author(s):  
Muhammad Uzair Mukhtar ◽  
Maria Mukhtar ◽  
Naveed Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
The City

scholarly journals Predictors of malnutrition among older adults aged above 65 years in eastern Ethiopia: neglected public health concern

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdu Oumer Abdu ◽  
Imam Dagne Yimamu ◽  
Ahmed Ale Kahsay
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Older Population ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia

Abstract Background A nutritional problem, especially under nutrition is one of the common public health problems in older population causing greater mortality and economic loss in developing countries. However, evidences on the risk factors for increased nutritional risk among older population is not well stated in Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess the nutritional status and predictors of malnutrition among older adults (> = 65 years) in Eastern Ethiopia. Methods A community-based analytical survey was conducted among randomly selected 592 older people aged above 65 years of age in Harari region. Subjects were selected using multistage sampling pretested Full Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) tool was used to classify as malnourished (MNA score < 17), at risk of malnutrition (MNA score of 17 to 23.5) and otherwise normal. Validated geriatric depression scale short form (15 items) was employed to screen for depression. Data were presented using statistical tables, frequency, percentage, and graphs. Ordinary logistic regression was employed to identify predictors of malnutrition and plum method was used to generate odds ratio. The level of statistical significance was declared at P-value less than 5%. Chi-square test, crude and adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence was reported. Results A total of 592 respondents (93.4%) were interviewed. About 306 (51.7%) and 93 (15.7%) were found to be at risk of malnutrition and malnourished respectively. The predicted log odds of being malnourished was higher among those from rural residents (AOR = 2.08: 1.25–3.45), not on working (AOR = 1.31: 95% CI: 0.87–1.95) and did not have health insurance (AOR = 1.58; 95% CI; 0.97–2.58). Those with chronic pain (AOR = 1.70; 95% CI: 1.15–2.51), previous hospitalization (AOR = 1.59: 95% CI: 1.27–2.38) and not able to cover their personal expense (AOR =1.61: 95% CI: 1.12–2.30) were predictors of malnutrition. The relationship between previous hospitalizations with malnutrition among older adults people is moderated significantly by the presence of chronic pain (β = 0.113, p = 0.015). Conclusions Malnutrition among old age is a public health concern that needs attention. Economical vulnerability, residence, depression, presence of chronic disease, and hospitalization were important risk factors for malnutrition among old age.

scholarly journals Dengue virus: A review

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 243-247
Author(s):  
Narinder Singh ◽  
Ajeet Pal Singh ◽  
Amar Pal Singh
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Rna Virus ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Viral Illness ◽  
Life Threatening

Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne viral illness that is quickly spreading over the globe, with significant death and morbidity rates. Dengue fever is an acute viral infection transmitted by Aedes mosquitos and caused by an RNA virus from the Flaviviridae family. The symptoms might vary from asymptomatic fever to life-threatening complications including hemorrhagic fever and shock. Although dengue virus infections are normally self-limiting, the disease has become a public health concern in tropical and subtropical countries. Dengue fever is a major public health concern owing to its rapid worldwide spread, and its burdens are now unmet due to a lack of accurate therapy and a simple diagnostic approach for the early stages of illness.

scholarly journals Predictors of malnutrition among elderly people above 65 Years in East Ethiopia: Neglected public health concern

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdu Oumer Abdu ◽  
Imam Dagne ◽  
Ahmed Ali
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia

Abstract Background A nutritional problem, especially under nutrition is one of the common public health problems in elderly causing greater mortality and economic loss in developing countries. However, evidences on the risk factors for increased nutritional risk among elderly is not well stated in Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess the nutritional status and predictors of malnutrition among elderly (> = 65 years) in Eastern Ethiopia.Methods Community based survey was conducted among randomly selected 592 elderly age above 65 years of age in Harari region selected using multistage sampling Pretested full Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) tool was used to classify as malnourished (MNA score <17), at risk of malnutrition (MNA score of 17 to 23.5) and otherwise normal. Validated geriatric depression scale short form (15 items) was employed to screen for depression. Statistical tables, frequency, percentage and graphs. Ordinary logistic regression was employed to identify predictors of malnutrition and plum method was used to generate odds ratio. Level of statistical significance was declared at P value less than 5%. Chi-square test, crude and adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence was reported. Results A total of 592 respondents with response rate of 93.4% were interviewed. A total of 306 (51.7%) and 93 (15.7%) were found to be at risk of malnutrition and malnourished respectively. The predicted log odds of being malnourished was higher among those from rural residents (AOR = 2.08: 1.25-3.45), not on working (AOR = 1.31: 95% CI: 0.87-1.95) and did not have health insurance (AOR = 1.58; 95% CI; 0.97-2.58). Those with chronic pain (AOR = 1.70; 95% CI: 1.15-2.51), previous hospitalization (AOR = 1.59: 95% CI: 1.27-2.38) and not able to cover their personal expense (AOR =1.61: 95% CI: 1.12-2.30) were predictors of malnutrition. The relationship between previous hospitalizations with malnutrition among elderly is moderated significantly by the presence of chronic pain (β = 0.113, p = 0.015).Conclusions Malnutrition among old age is public health concern that needs attention. Economic vulnerability, residence, depression, presence of chronic disease and hospitalization were an important risk factors for malnutrition among old age.

scholarly journals Early Onset of Sex-Dependent Mitochondrial Deficits in the Cortex of 3xTg Alzheimer’s Mice

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Djordjevic ◽  
Subir Roy Chowdhury ◽  
Wanda M. Snow ◽  
Claudia Perez ◽  
Chris Cadonic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Mitochondrial Dynamics ◽  
Neuronal Loss ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Early Event ◽  
Life Changes ◽  
Related Protein ◽  
Public Health Concern

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a major public health concern worldwide. Advanced age and female sex are two of the most prominent risk factors for AD. AD is characterized by progressive neuronal loss, especially in the cortex and hippocampus, and mitochondrial dysfunction has been proposed to be an early event in the onset and progression of the disease. Our results showed early perturbations in mitochondrial function in 3xTg mouse brain, with the cortex being more susceptible to mitochondrial changes than the hippocampus. In the cortex of 3xTg females, decreased coupled and uncoupled respiration were evident early (at 2 months of age), while in males it appeared later at 6 months of age. We observed increased coupled respiration in the hippocampus of 2-month-old 3xTg females, but no changes were detected later in life. Changes in mitochondrial dynamics were indicated by decreased mitofusin (Mfn2) and increased dynamin related protein 1 (Drp1) (only in females) in the hippocampus and cortex of 3xTg mice. Our findings highlight the importance of controlling and accounting for sex, brain region, and age in studies examining brain bioenergetics using this common AD model in order to more accurately evaluate potential therapies and improve the sex-specific translatability of preclinical findings.

scholarly journals Childhood and Adolescent Obesity in the United States: A Public Health Concern

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 2333794X1989130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adekunle Sanyaolu ◽  
Chuku Okorie ◽  
Xiaohua Qi ◽  
Jennifer Locke ◽  
Saif Rehman
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Secondary Prevention ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
The United States ◽  
Adolescent Obesity ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Childhood And Adolescent Obesity

Childhood and adolescent obesity have reached epidemic levels in the United States. Currently, about 17% of US children are presenting with obesity. Obesity can affect all aspects of the children including their psychological as well as cardiovascular health; also, their overall physical health is affected. The association between obesity and other conditions makes it a public health concern for children and adolescents. Due to the increase in the prevalence of obesity among children, a variety of research studies have been conducted to discover what associations and risk factors increase the probability that a child will present with obesity. While a complete picture of all the risk factors associated with obesity remains elusive, the combination of diet, exercise, physiological factors, and psychological factors is important in the control and prevention of childhood obesity; thus, all researchers agree that prevention is the key strategy for controlling the current problem. Primary prevention methods are aimed at educating the child and family, as well as encouraging appropriate diet and exercise from a young age through adulthood, while secondary prevention is targeted at lessening the effect of childhood obesity to prevent the child from continuing the unhealthy habits and obesity into adulthood. A combination of both primary and secondary prevention is necessary to achieve the best results. This review article highlights the health implications including physiological and psychological factors comorbidities, as well as the epidemiology, risk factors, prevention, and control of childhood and adolescent obesity in the United States.

scholarly journals The Main Risk Factors for the Number of Serious or Critical Cases of Covid-19: How is the Health of Brazilians?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haniel Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Subject

Chronic noncommunicable diseases (CNCDs) have been a major public health concern worldwide, especially diabetes, cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypertension, in addition to obesity, which is even more worrying when the subject involves the covid-19 pandemic, because such incidences correlate with the need for intensive care units, including the possibility of death of the patient. Therefore, for countries with the highest numbers of critical cases, it is important to assess the incidence of these diseases to guide the public that most needs guidance on public policies for social isolation.

scholarly journals Risk factors spatial-temporal detection for dengue fever in Guangzhou

2018 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingcai Kong ◽  
Chengdong Xu ◽  
Pengfei Mu ◽  
Jialiang Li ◽  
Senyue Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

AbstractDengue fever (DF) has been a growing public-health concern in China since its emergence in Guangdong Province in 1978. Of all the regions that have experienced dengue outbreaks in mainland China, the city of Guangzhou is the most affected. This study aims to investigate the potential risk factors for dengue virus (DENV) transmission in Guangzhou, China, from 2006 to 2014. The impact of risk factors on DENV transmission was qualified by the q-values calculated using a novel spatial-temporal method, the GeoDetector model. Both climatic and socioeconomic factors were considered. The impacts on DF incidence of each single factor and the interaction of two factors were analysed. The results show that the number of days with rainfall of the month before last has the highest determinant power, with a q-value of 0.898 (P < 0.01); the q-values of the other factors related to temperature and precipitation were around 0.38–0.50. Integrating a Pearson correlation analysis, nonlinear associations were found between the DF incidence in Guangzhou and the climatic factors considered. The coupled impact of the different variables considered was enhanced compared with their individual effects. In addition, an increased number of tourists in the city were associated with a high incidence of DF. This study demonstrates that the number of rain days in a month has great influence on the DF incidence of the month after next; the temperature and precipitation have nonlinear impacts on the DF incidence in Guangzhou; both the domestic and overseas tourists coming to the city increase the risk of DENV transmission. These findings are useful in the risk assessment of DENV transmission, to predict DF outbreaks and to implement preventive DF reduction strategies.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2: an imperative maternal-fetal concern

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Heydarifard ◽  
Jila Yavarian ◽  
Somayeh Shatizadeh Malekshahi ◽  
Sevrin Zadheidar ◽  
Talat Mokhtari-Azad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Maternal Risk Factors ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Maternal Risk ◽  
Second Year

Severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a newly emerged virus which belongs to Coronaviridae family within the betacoronavirus genus. Previous reports demonstrated that other betacoronaviruses were responsible for adverse outcomes during pregnancy in human. Due to inadequate data, the consequences of a SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy is still a public health concern in the second year of SARS-CoV-2 circulation in human population. Herein, we aimed to review the probable risk of intrauterine vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infection to the fetus, its adverse outcomes during pregnancy for both mother and the fetus and maternal risk factors which affect the severity Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19.

scholarly journals Indoor Air Quality and Asthma

Dose-Response ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 155932581769115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Golden ◽  
Stewart Holm
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Childhood Asthma ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Sensory Irritation ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Increased Sensitivity

Numerous contaminants in indoor air and their potential to cause or exacerbate asthma continue to be a subject of public health concern. Many agents are causally associated with or can exacerbate asthma, particularly in children. For formaldehyde, an established respiratory irritant based on numerous studies, the evidence for an association with asthma is still considered only limited or suggestive. However, there is no evidence that indicates increased sensitivity to sensory irritation to formaldehyde in people often regarded as susceptible such as asthmatics. Acrolein, but not formaldehyde, was significantly associated with asthma in a large cohort of children. This prompted an evaluation of this highly irritating chemical that had never previously been considered in the context of the indoor air/childhood asthma issue. Because acrolein is more potent than formaldehyde as a respiratory irritant and ubiquitous in indoor air, it is plausible that previous studies on potential risk factors and childhood asthma may be confounded by formaldehyde acting as an unrecognized proxy for acrolein.

Risk factors associated with Chlamydia psittaci infection in psittacine birds

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 458-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Santos ◽  
D. C. Leal ◽  
T. F. Raso ◽  
B. M. P. S. Souza ◽  
R. M. Cunha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Chlamydia Psittaci ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Aetiological Agent ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Pet Birds

Chlamydia psittaci is the aetiological agent of chlamydiosis in birds, especially Psittaciformes. The objective of the present study was to detect C. psittaci by means of semi-nested PCR among psittacine birds sold at pet markets and kept as pet birds in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. Questionnaires were used to identify risk factors involved in the epidemiology of the disease. In addition, the management of birds and cages was observed at each location studied. The frequency of C. psittaci infection was 10.6 % (33/311) in the psittacine birds studied. Birds kept in households were less frequently positive (3.4 %; 5/148) than those at pet markets (17.2 %; 28/163). Among the several factors analysed in the epidemiology of the disease, only population density (P = 0.001) and cage hygiene (P = 0.041) in birds at pet markets were significantly associated with C. psittaci infection. These results demonstrate the presence of C. psittaci infection in Psittaciformes kept as pets and held at pet markets in Salvador, Bahia, showing that this micro-organism is a public health concern. Control measures should be encouraged to prevent the spread of the agent among birds, as well as among employees and customers.

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