From Risk to Waste: Global Food Waste Regimes

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. 27-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsuzsa Gille
Keyword(s):  
Food Waste ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
A Value ◽  
Waste Production ◽  
Global Connections ◽  
Global North ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
North And South ◽  
Global Food ◽  
Structural Determinant

This article utilizes the concept of waste regimes in order to understand the global connections involved in generating food waste. This concept treats waste as a social relationship and assumes that in any economy there is a waste circulation in addition to a value circulation, and that the two are interdependent. For this reason, the author critiques metaphors, such as value chains or supply chains, that have dominated the scholarship on food and agriculture. Creatively utilizing secondary empirical data on the Global North and South from that scholarship, the findings indicate that the unequal organization of uncertainty is a key structural determinant of food waste production in both. The relationship between risk and waste stretches across not only geographical but also scalar boundaries, revealing that solutions to the ‘food waste problem’ limited to technological innovation and a few sites or even countries will prove insufficient and will likely exacerbate existing inequalities.

The Political Economy of Punishment and the Penal State in Latin America

2021 ◽  
pp. 163-198
Author(s):  
Manuel Iturralde
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Crime Control ◽  
The Political ◽  
Institutional Structures ◽  
Penal State ◽  
Global North ◽  
Sociology Of Punishment ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
North And South

In both criminology and the sociology of punishment there has been a rebirth of the political economy of crime and punishment, where the relationship between these phenomena and levels of inequality within a given society is a key aspect, to assess the transformation and features of the crime control fields of contemporary societies and to relate them to different typologies. This chapter will discuss and problematize this perspective through the analysis of Latin American crime control fields. Considering the flaws of general typologies, usually coming from the global north, the chapter will stress the need for a more detailed comparative analysis of the penal state and the institutional structures, dynamics and dispositions present in every jurisdiction, in both the global north and south, that have a direct impact on penal policy and its outcomes.

scholarly journals Internal colonisation: The intimate circulations of empire, race and liberal government

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 765-790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joe Turner
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Intellectual History ◽  
Black Studies ◽  
Knowledge Practices ◽  
Global North ◽  
Liberal Government ◽  
Colonial Histories ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
North And South

This article proposes that ‘internal colonisation’ provides a necessary lens through which to explore the relationship between violence and race in contemporary liberal government. Contributing to an increasing interest in race in International Relations, this article proposes that while racism remains a vital demarcation in liberal government between forms of worthy/unworthy life, this is continually shaped by colonial histories and ongoing projects of empire that manifest in the Global North and South in familiar, if not identical, ways. In unpacking the concept of internal colonisation and its intellectual history from Black Studies into colonial historiography and political geography, I highlight how (neo-)metropolitan states such as Britain were always active imperial terrain and subjected to forms of colonisation. This recognises how metropole and colonies were bounded together through colonisation and how knowledge and practices of rule were appropriated onto a heterogeneity of racialised and undesirable subjects both within colonies and Britain. Bringing the argument up to date, I show how internal colonisation remains diverse and dispersed under liberal empire — enhanced through the war on terror. To do this, I sketch out how forms of ‘armed social work’ central to counterinsurgency in Afghanistan and Iraq are also central to the management of sub-populations in Britain through the counterterrorism strategy Prevent. Treating (neo-)metropoles such as the UK as part of imperial terrain helps us recognise the way in which knowledge/practices of colonisation have worked across multiple populations and been invested in mundane sites of liberal government. This brings raced histories into closer encounters with the (re)making of a raced present.

scholarly journals In Search of the Global East: Thinking between North and South

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 19-43
Author(s):  
Martin Müller
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Global South ◽  
Interstitial Position ◽  
Strategic Essentialism ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Connections ◽  
Global North ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
North And South ◽  
Global Relations

Carving up the world into Global North and Global South has become an established way of thinking about global difference since the end of the Cold War. This binary, however, erases what this paper calls the Global East — those countries and societies that occupy an interstitial position between North and South. This paper problematizes the geopolitics of knowledge that has resulted in the exclusion of the Global East, not just from the Global North and South, but from notions of globality in general. It argues that we need to adopt a strategic essentialism to recover the Global East for scholarship. To that end, it traces the global relations of IKEA’s bevelled drinking glass to demonstrate the urgency of rethinking the Global East at the heart of global connections, rather than separate from them. Thinking of such a Global East as a liminal space complicates the notions of North and South towards more inclusive but also more uncertain theorizing.

To the Richest Go the Spoils? Immigration, Development, and the North-South Divide, 1970–2005

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-292
Author(s):  
Matthew R. Sanderson
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Global South ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The North ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Global North ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
North And South

This paper empirically assesses, for the first time, the relationship between immigration and national economic development in both the global North and the global South. A series of panel models demonstrate that immigration exacerbates North-South inequalities through differential effects on average per capita incomes in the global North and global South. Immigration has positive effects on average incomes in both the North and the South, but the effect is larger in the global North. Thus the relationship between immigration and development evinces a Matthew Effect at the world level: by contributing to differential levels of economic development in the North and South, immigration widens international inequalities in the long term, resulting in the accumulation of advantage in the North. The implications of the results are discussed in the context theory and policy on the migration-development nexus.

Food losses and food waste: The Industry 4.0 opportunity for the sustainability challenge

2020 ◽  
pp. 159-177
Author(s):  
Roberto Ruggieri ◽  
Giuliana Vinci ◽  
Marco Ruggeri ◽  
Henry Sardaryan
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Food Loss ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food Losses ◽  
Global Food

United Nations in 2011 estimated every year worldwide around 1.3 billion tons of food is lost or wasted. According to a 2018 analysis by the Boston Consulting Group, this figure will reach 2.1 billion tons in 2050. FAO is trying to quantify food waste again, and according to his report "The state of Food and Agriculture 2019", 14% of production global food is lost or wasted even before it is sold. Food loss and waste are therefore unsustainable and no longer acceptable issues and reduc-ing them is becoming a priority. The negative effects of these problems are con-nected to the scarce availability and consumption of food, but also to sustainabil-ity and environmental impacts. In this regard, it will be necessary to change our eating habits. Industry 4.0 innovations can provide opportunities to reduce food waste and loss, as well as to adopt a healthier and more sustainable lifestyle.

scholarly journals How can Urban Planners Address Emerging Zoonoses? A Scoping Review of Recommended Interventions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vignesh Murugesan
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Review Process ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Zoonotic Diseases ◽  
Emerging Zoonoses ◽  
Global North ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
North And South

Emerging zoonotic diseases (EZD) like Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), COVID-19, and Ebola have highlighted the need for incorporating emerging zoonoses considerations in urban planning practice. To mainstream EZD in urban planning, this scoping review collates recommendations from across disciplines to provide directions to city planners and policymakers. A search of published literature examining the relationship between EZD and urban planning or policymaking was conducted in February 2020 using PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. Thirty-six articles were identified by the review process and the research examining the relationship between urban planning and EZD was found to be limited but expanding. In identified articles, recommendations for planners were found to address various areas and aspects of planning like inter-disciplinary collaboration, social justice, built environment, climate change adaptation, urbanization, sanitation, green space and economic planning. The applicability of these recommendations to global north and south cities is also discussed.

Food waste and dynamic complex systems: The case of Peru and a solution model proposal Part 1: Peruvian Anchoveta (Engraulis ringens)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos A Almenara
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Complex Systems ◽  
Revenue Management ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Intelligent Systems ◽  
Solution Model ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Engraulis Ringens ◽  
The United Nations

[THE MANUSCRIPT IS A DRAFT] According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO, 2020), food waste and losses comprises nearly 1.3 billion tonnes every year, which equates to around US$ 990 billion worldwide. Ironically, over 820 million people do not have enough food to eat (FAO, 2020). This gap production-consumption puts in evidence the need to reformulate certain practices such as the controversial monocropping (i.e., growing a single crop on the same land on a yearly basis), as well as to improve others such as revenue management through intelligent systems. In this first part of a series of articles, the focus is on the Peruvian anchoveta fish (Engraulis ringens).

Relation Between Metacognitive Ability with Science Process Skills on Grade 8th Students in MTs Negeri 3 Parigi

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Moch. Munir ◽  
Amiruddin Kade ◽  
Muslimin Muslimin
Keyword(s):  
Research Result ◽  
Reverse Direction ◽  
Process Skills ◽  
Science Process Skills ◽  
A Value ◽  
Regression Test ◽  
Feasibility Test ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Academic Year

This study aims to determine the relations between metacognitive to science process skills on grade VIII students MTs Negeri 3 Parigi. This research is descriptive, the approach used is a quantitative approach, manifested in the form of numbers analyzed by statistics and the results are described. The population is students of MTs Negeri 3 Parigi Academic Year 2017-2018 with a population of three classes, with a sample of 30 students. The instrument used is a metacognitive questionnaire consisting of 50 questions and an essay about science process skills 6 questions test. The result of the prerequisite test of the research result is all metacognitive indicators of normal and linear distributed and based on the regression feasibility test show that all data is feasible for regression test. The result of the regression test and test of determination to obtain a value which is not significant. Based on the results of the research analysis it can be concluded that the relationship of each metacognitive indicator to science process skills was not significant even there were metacognitive indicators that reverse direction significantly. The magnitude of the relationship of each metacognitive indicator with science process skills maximum 15.3%.  

IV.—The Geological Development, Descent and Distribution of the Mammalia

1893 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 401-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl A. von Zittel
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
The Past ◽  
Limited Experience ◽  
The World ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
North And South America ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
North And South ◽  
Animal World

In a spirited treatise on the ‘Origin of our Animal World’ Prof. L. Rütimeyer, in the year 1867, described the geological development and distribution of the mammalia, and the relationship of the different faunas of the past with each other and with that now existing. Although, since the appearance of that masterly sketch the palæontological material has been, at least, doubled through new discoveries in Europe and more especially in North and South America, this unexpected increase has in most instances only served as a confirmation of the views which Rutimeyer advanced on more limited experience. At present, Africa forms the only great gap in our knowledge of the fossil mammalia; all the remaining parts of the world can show materials more or less abundantly, from which the course followed by the mammalia in their geological development can be traced with approximate certainty.

scholarly journals Orthorexia nervosa and Instagram: exploring the Russian-speaking conversation around #opтopeкcия

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yana Zemlyanskaya ◽  
Martina Valente ◽  
Elena V. Syurina
Keyword(s):  
Orthorexia Nervosa ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Russian Speakers ◽  
Global North ◽  
Harmful Content ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Comparative Content ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Informative Text

AbstractThis mixed-methods study explored the conversation around orthorexia nervosa (ON) on Instagram from a Russian-speaking perspective. Two quantitative data sources were implemented; a comparative content analysis of posts tagged with #opтopeкcия (n = 234) and #orthorexia (n = 243), and an online questionnaire completed by Russian-speakers (n = 96) sharing ON-related content on Instagram. Additionally, five questionnaire participants were interviewed, four of which identified with having (had) ON. Russian-speakers who share ON-related content on Instagram are primarily female, around their late-twenties, and prefer Instagram over other platforms. They describe people with ON as obsessed with correct eating, rather than healthy or clean eating. Instagram appears to have a dual effect; it has the potential to both trigger the onset of ON and encourage recovery. Positive content encourages a healthy relationship with food, promotes intuitive eating, and spread recovery advice. Harmful content, in turn, emphasizes specific diet and beauty ideals. Russian-speaking users mainly post pictures of food, followed by largely informative text that explains what ON is, and what recovery may look like. Their reasons for posting ON-related content are to share personal experiences, support others in recovery, and raise awareness about ON. Two main target audiences were people unaware of ON and people seeking recovery support. The relationship between ON and social media is not strictly limited to the global north. Thus, it may be valuable to further investigate non-English-speaking populations currently underrepresented in ON research.Level of evidence: Level V, descriptive study.

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