The impact of physical function on participation in the first year post-stroke

2016 ◽  
Vol 135 (6) ◽  
pp. 649-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Törnbom ◽  
H. C. Persson ◽  
J. Lundälv ◽  
K. S. Sunnerhagen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Function ◽  
First Year ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The Experience of Post-Stroke Pain and The Impact on Quality of Life: An Integrative Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 128
Author(s):  
Hannah Payton ◽  
Andrew Soundy
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Integrative Review ◽  
Data Synthesis ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
And Function ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Impact

Background: Many people experience post-stroke pain (PSP). It is a long-term consequence of stroke that commonly goes unrecognised and untreated. As a result, an integrative review is needed to identify the primary factors that affect PSP and determine the impact on quality of life (QOL). Methods: An integrative review using a quantitatively led data synthesis, supported by qualitative evidence, was conducted. Results: Fourteen studies were identified and 2415 (968 females, 1447 males) people were included. Five primary themes were identified as effecting the experience of PSP; anxiety, depression, fatigue, cognitive function and physical function. Anxiety, depression and fatigue increase PSP. Pain, depression, fatigue and reduced physical function lower QOL. Conclusions: It is essential that clinicians recognise PSP in order to optimize QOL and function post-stroke. Further research is needed to employ a strategy to identify and objectively quantify PSP and its impact on QOL.

Sleep problems worsen health-related quality of life and participation during the first 12 months of stroke rehabilitation

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (11) ◽  
pp. 1400-1408 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Fulk ◽  
Pamela Duncan ◽  
Karen J Klingman
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Problem ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Stroke Recovery ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
First Year ◽  
Study Phase ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Percent Recovery ◽  
The Impact

Objective: Evaluate the impact of self-reported sleep problems on post-stroke recovery. Design: Cross-sectional secondary analysis of longitudinal data from the Locomotor Experience Applied Post-Stroke (LEAPS) rehabilitation and recovery study (phase-III single-blind randomized controlled clinical trial). Group medians were compared for three sleep problem groups across three time points. Setting: Outpatient and in-home physical therapy. Subjects: Adults during the first year following stroke ( n = 408, 380, 360 at 2, 6, 12 months, respectively). Interventions: The original study compared effects of locomotor training with body weight support in the year post-stroke. This analysis evaluated function in three sleep/functional-impact groups: no sleep problems, sleep problems with no-to-minimal-impact and sleep problems with moderate-to-quite-a-bit of impact. Main measures: Participants’ responses regarding if they had “a sleep problem, such as insomnia” and, if so, what the impact was on their function. Stroke Impact Scale subscales for strength, hand function, mobility, ADLs, memory, communication, emotion, participation, and percent recovery. Results: About 25% of people with stroke reported sleep difficulty, 10% perceived sleep problems negatively impact function. Groups self-reporting worse sleep performed worse in all functional subscales (except self-perceived percent recovery) during the first year post-stroke. Conclusion: Self-reported poor sleep adversely effects post-stroke functional recovery.

The Need to Belong and the Relationship Between Loneliness and Health

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 194-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Freda-Marie Hartung ◽  
Britta Renner
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
First Year ◽  
Health State ◽  
Need To Belong ◽  
First Year University ◽  
Perceived Social Isolation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Humans are social animals; consequently, a lack of social ties affects individuals’ health negatively. However, the desire to belong differs between individuals, raising the question of whether individual differences in the need to belong moderate the impact of perceived social isolation on health. In the present study, 77 first-year university students rated their loneliness and health every 6 weeks for 18 weeks. Individual differences in the need to belong were found to moderate the relationship between loneliness and current health state. Specifically, lonely students with a high need to belong reported more days of illness than those with a low need to belong. In contrast, the strength of the need to belong had no effect on students who did not feel lonely. Thus, people who have a strong need to belong appear to suffer from loneliness and become ill more often, whereas people with a weak need to belong appear to stand loneliness better and are comparatively healthy. The study implies that social isolation does not impact all individuals identically; instead, the fit between the social situation and an individual’s need appears to be crucial for an individual’s functioning.

INFLUENCE OF THE DIFFERENT SOIL PREPARATION METHODS ON THE PEA YIELD

2018 ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
А. М. Grebennikov ◽  
А. S. Frid ◽  
V. P. Belobrov ◽  
V. А. Isaev ◽  
V. М. Garmashоv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
First Year ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Soil Preparation ◽  
Multifactor Analysis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Central Chernozem

The article assesses the relationships between the morphological properties of agrochernozems and yield of peas on the plots, experience with different methods of basic treatment (moldboard plowing at the depth of 20 - 22, 25 - 27 and 14 - 16 cm, moldboard plowing to a depth of 14 - 16 cm, combined midwater moldboard, mid-water subsurface, surface to a depth of 6 - 8 cm and zero tillage) is inherent in V.V. Dokuchaev Research Institute of Agriculture of the Central Black Earth strip, in the fall of 2014. The research was conducted in 2015 - 2016, with the application of mineral fertilizers (N60Р60К60) and unfertilized background. The highest pea yields in the fertilized as the background, and without the use of fertilizers was observed in dumping plowing and especially in the variant with deep moldboard plowing, which creates in comparison with other ways of handling the best conditions for the growth and development of peas. The lowest yield of pea was obtained with zero processing. Apparently legalistic migrational-mizelial agrochernozems the Central Chernozem zone of minimum tillage in the cultivation of peas are not effective, what is evident already in the first year after the laying of experience with different basic treatments. As shown by the results of applying multifactor analysis of variance studied the mapping properties of the soil can have the same significant impact on the yield of agricultural crops, as options for the field experiments aimed at assessing the impact of various treatments on yield.

scholarly journals Bridging the gap: blending spatial skills instruction into a technology teacher preparation programme

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diarmaid Lane ◽  
Sheryl Sorby
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Preparation ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Future Research ◽  
First Year ◽  
Spatial Skills ◽  
First Year Students ◽  
Base Level ◽  
Technology Teacher ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIn recent years, there has been a surge in research in spatial thinking across the international community. We now know that spatial skills are malleable and that they are linked to success across multiple disciplines, most notably Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM). While spatial skills have been examined by cognitive scientists in laboratory environments for decades, current research is examining how these skills can be developed in field-based environments. In this paper, we present findings from a study within a Technology Teacher preparation programme where we examined first-year students’ spatial skills on entry to university. We explain why it was necessary to embed a spatial skills intervention into Year 1 of the programme and we describe the impact that this had on students’ spatial scores and on academic performance. The findings from our study highlight a consistent gender gap in spatial scores at the start of the first-year with female students entering the Technology Teacher preparation programme at a lower base level than male students. We describe how we integrated spatial development activities into an existing course and how an improvement in spatial scores and overall course performance was observed. The paper concludes by discussing the long-term sustainability of integrating spatial interventions within teacher preparation programmes while also highlighting the importance of future research to examine spatial skills as a fundamental component of technological capability.

scholarly journals Exercise efficacy and prescription during treatment for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a systematic review

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic O’Connor ◽  
Malcolm Brown ◽  
Martin Eatock ◽  
Richard C. Turkington ◽  
Gillian Prue
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Adjuvant Therapy ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Surgical resection remains the only curative treatment for pancreatic cancer and is associated with significant post-operative morbidity and mortality. Patients eligible for surgery, increasingly receive neo-adjuvant therapy before surgery or adjuvant therapy afterward, inherently exposing them to toxicity. As such, optimizing physical function through exercise during treatment remains imperative to optimize quality of life either before surgery or during rehabilitation. However, current exercise efficacy and prescription in pancreatic cancer is unknown. Therefore, this study aims to summarise the published literature on exercise studies conducted in patients with pancreatic cancer undergoing treatment with a focus on determining the current prescription and progression patterns being used in this population. Methods A systematic review of four databases identified studies evaluating the effects of exercise on aerobic fitness, muscle strength, physical function, body composition, fatigue and quality of life in participants with pancreatic cancer undergoing treatment, published up to 24 July 2020. Two reviewers independently reviewed and appraised the methodological quality of each study. Results Twelve studies with a total of 300 participants were included. Heterogeneity of the literature prevented meta-analysis. Exercise was associated with improvements in outcomes; however, study quality was variable with the majority of studies receiving a weak rating. Conclusions High quality evidence regarding the efficacy and prescription of exercise in pancreatic cancer is lacking. Well-designed trials, which have received feedback and input from key stakeholders prior to implementation, are required to examine the impact of exercise in pancreatic cancer on key cancer related health outcomes.

scholarly journals Socio-economic consequences of mental distress: quantifying the impact of self-reported mental distress on the days of incapacity to work and medical costs in a two-year period: a longitudinal study in Germany

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Müller ◽  
Manuela Bombana ◽  
Monika Heinzel-Gutenbrenner ◽  
Nikolaus Kleindienst ◽  
Martin Bohus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Distress ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Routine Data ◽  
Medical Costs ◽  
First Year ◽  
Second Year ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Mental disorders are related to high individual suffering and significant socio-economic burdens. However, it remains unclear to what extent self-reported mental distress is related to individuals’ days of incapacity to work and their medical costs. This study aims to investigate the impact of self-reported mental distress for specific and non-specific days of incapacity to work and specific and non-specific medical costs over a two-year span. Method Within a longitudinal research design, 2287 study participants’ mental distress was assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). HADS scores were included as predictors in generalized linear models with a Tweedie distribution with log link function to predict participants’ days of incapacity to work and medical costs retrieved from their health insurance routine data during the following two-year period. Results Current mental distress was found to be significantly related to the number of specific days absent from work and medical costs. Compared to participants classified as no cases by the HADS (2.6 days), severe case participants showed 27.3-times as many specific days of incapacity to work in the first year (72 days) and 10.3-times as many days in the second year (44 days), and resulted in 11.4-times more medical costs in the first year (2272 EUR) and 6.2-times more in the second year (1319 EUR). The relationship of mental distress to non-specific days of incapacity to work and non-specific medical costs was also significant, but mainly driven from specific absent days and specific medical costs. Our results also indicate that the prevalence of presenteeism is considerably high: 42% of individuals continued to go to work despite severe mental distress. Conclusions Our results show that self-reported mental distress, assessed by the HADS, is highly related to the days of incapacity to work and medical costs in the two-year period. Reducing mental distress by improving preventive structures for at-risk populations and increasing access to evidence-based treatments for individuals with mental disorders might, therefore, pay for itself and could help to reduce public costs.

scholarly journals Positive and Negative Affect Changes during Gender-Affirming Hormonal Treatment: Results from the European Network for the Investigation of Gender Incongruence (ENIGI)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 296
Author(s):  
Imke Matthys ◽  
Justine Defreyne ◽  
Els Elaut ◽  
Alessandra Daphne Fisher ◽  
Baudewijntje P. C. Kreukels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Sex Steroids ◽  
Hormonal Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
First Year ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
European Network ◽  
Psychological Burden ◽  
The Impact

Improving transgender people’s quality of life (QoL) is the most important goal of gender-affirming care. Prospective changes in affect can influence QoL. We aim to assess the impact of initiating gender-affirming hormonal treatment (HT) on affect. In the European Network for the Investigation of Gender Incongruence (ENIGI) study, we prospectively collected data of 873 participants (451 transwomen (TW) and 422 transmen (TM)). At baseline, psychological questionnaires including the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) were administered. The PANAS, levels of sex steroids and physical changes were registered at each follow-up visit during a 3-year follow-up period, starting at the initiation of hormonal therapy. Data were analyzed cross-sectionally and prospectively. Over the first three months, we observed a decline in positive affect (PA) in both TM and TW. Thereafter, PA reached a steady state in TW, whereas in TM there was also a second decline at 18 months. In both TM and TW there was no persisting difference comparing baseline to the 36-months results. Concerning negative affect (NA), we observed a decline during the first year in TM, which sustained during the second year and was not different anymore at 36 months compared to baseline. In TW though, we did not find any change of NA during the entire follow-up. Even if some of these results show significant differences, they should be considered with caution, since there was no control group and the absolute differences are small. No association between affect and the level of sex steroids was observed. Baseline QoL and psychological burden are related to affect independently from gender but are not necessarily good predictors of the evolution of one’s affect during the gender-affirming process. Further research is necessary to investigate these preliminary results.

scholarly journals Influence of Physical Activity and Socio-Economic Status on Depression and Anxiety Symptoms in Patients after Stroke

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 8058
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Paprocka-Borowicz ◽  
Mona Wiatr ◽  
Maria Ciałowicz ◽  
Wojciech Borowicz ◽  
Agnieszka Kaczmarek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Post Stroke Depression ◽  
The Impact

Stroke is a high-risk factor for depression. Neurological rehabilitation is greatly difficult and often does not include treatment of depression. The post-stroke depression plays an important role in the progress of treatment, health, and the life of the patient. The appropriate treatment of depression could improve the quality of life of the patient and their family. The study aimed to evaluate the impact of physical activity and socio-economic status of the patient on the effectiveness of recovery from depression and the severity of the symptoms of depression. The study was conducted with 40 patients after stroke aged 42–82 years, and included 10 women and 30 men who were hospitalized for two weeks. The severity of depression/anxiety (D/A) symptoms were evaluated two times; at admission and after two weeks of physical therapy. The hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) questionnaire was used for this purpose. Socio-economic status was evaluated by several simple questions. It was revealed that physical therapy has a positive influence on mental state. The severity of D/A symptoms after stroke is related to the financial status of the patients (2 = 11.198, p = 0.024). The state of health (2 = 20.57, p = 0.022) and physical fitness (2 = 12.95, p = 0.044) changed the severity of symptoms of anxiety and depressive disorders. The kinesiotherapy in the group of patients with post-stroke depression had positive effects; however, economic and health conditions may influence the prognosis of the disease.

scholarly journals 1043. The impact of integrase strand transfer inhibitors (InSTIs) on weight gain among adults with HIV in clinical care

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S551-S551
Author(s):  
Sneha Thatipelli ◽  
Chad Achenbach ◽  
Shannon Galvin
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
First Year ◽  
Strand Transfer ◽  
Art Initiation ◽  
Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (InSTIs) as ART for HIV has been associated with clinically significant weight gain, in addition to the “return to health phenomenon”. Methods We conducted a cohort study on adults over 18 with HIV, who had baseline weights and an additional weight at least 6 months later. Individuals with malignancies, thyroid disorders, and disseminated tuberculosis or mycobacterium avium complex were excluded. To understand the impact of InSTIs on chronic vs. recently infected persons, we divided the cohort into four groups: (1) well-controlled on non-InSTI ART [WN] (2) well-controlled on InSTI ART [WI] (3) uncontrolled on non-InSTI ART [UN], and (4) uncontrolled on InSTI ART [UI]. Well-controlled persons (viral load < 2000) were proxies for chronic infection on long-term ART and uncontrolled for recently infected and initiated on ART. New diagnoses of diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension were determined by ICD10 codes. Participants with a weight change more than 10 kg in 6 months were excluded. Results 612 of the initial 910 participants in the cohort met the inclusion criteria. Comparing those who remained on the designated regimen throughout the study led to 86 WN, 153 WI, 166 UN, and 145 UI. Mean weight change at 6 months for WN was +0.22 kg (95% CI [-0.86, 1.3]), at 1 year was -0.86 kg (95% CI [-2.94, 1.22]), and at 2 years was +0.026 kg (95% CI [-2.347, 2.399]). For WI, mean weight change at 6 months was +0.21 kg (95% CI [-0.79, 1.21]), at 1 year was -0.50 kg (95% CI [-2.02, 1.04]), and at 2 years was +0.43 kg (95% CI [-1.35, 2.21]). UN gained weight until the first year (+1.74 kg at 6 mo (95% CI [0.24, 3.24]) and +3.84 kg at 1 year (95% CI [1.57, 6.11])), but plateaued at 2 years (+2.42 kg (95% CI [-0.44, 5.28])). At 6 months mean weight gain for UI was +0.78 kg (95% CI [-0.15, 1.71]), at 1 year was +2.33 kg (95% CI [1.02, 3.64]), and at 2 years was +3.04 kg (95% CI [1.2, 4.85]). WI had a higher incidence of diabetes (37% vs. 32%, p=0.40), hyperlipidemia (32% vs. 29%, p=0.66), and hypertension (34% vs. 26%, p=0.19) compared to WN. Conclusion InSTIs may confer a larger and more sustained weight gain among individuals in the first two years after ART initiation. Well controlled individuals did not have statistically significant weight change, but those on Insti-based ART had more metabolic diseases. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

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