scholarly journals The efficiency of private and public schools in urban and rural areas: moving beyond the development goals

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 1869-1885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geraint Johnes ◽  
Swati Virmani
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

scholarly journals Assessment of awareness of pharmacy profession as a career among secondary school students in Kaduna state, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 803-809
Author(s):  
Abbas Musa ◽  
Muhammad Garba Magaji ◽  
Raliya Muhammad Bello
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pharmacy Profession ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Background: Pharmacists play prominent roles in the health care system and enjoy a wide variety of inter-related careers, placing them among the high-ranking health professionals. Aim: To assess the awareness of pharmacy as a career among secondary school students in the Zaria and Giwa educational zones of Kaduna State, Nigeria. Method: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in secondary schools located in the Zaria and Giwa educational zones in Kaduna state, Nigeria; a sample of 278 students completed a 26-item questionnaire. Results: The respondents displayed a fair knowledge of pharmacy (mean score of 9.8 out of 20), with significant differences in awareness observed between males and females (p=0.026), students from private and public schools (p<0.001), and those from schools located in urban and rural areas (p<0.001). Conclusion: The students had a fair knowledge of pharmacy careers and pharmacists' roles and characteristics.

Education, Gender, and Child-Rights

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-49
Author(s):  
Taiwo O. Abioye ◽  
Kehinde Oyesomi ◽  
Esther Ajiboye ◽  
Segun Omidiora ◽  
Olusola Oyero
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Child Rights ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Adequate Funding ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Development Goals

Promoting and improving quality education is one of the core missions of the United Nations at ensuring sustainable future; hence, the slogan: Change towards a better quality of life starts with education. This paper examined the place of education, gender and child rights within the current status of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Ado-Odo/Ota local government of Ogun State, Nigeria. Questionnaire and interviews were used as instruments of data collection. School children between ages 7 and 18 in both private and public schools formed the study population. A sample size, 1000 respondents, was drawn from the population out of which 976 responded effectively to the questions. The findings revealed that education and child rights remain in a precarious state in the local government. There was a limited awareness about child rights among children in primary schools and secondary schools; teaching materials and instructors were grossly inadequate in many of the schools sampled and basic needs such as water and electricity were unavailable. It was also observed that the number of enrolled male children in schools is 24% higher than the females. These challenges should be put into consideration when formulating policies for education in developing countries. There is therefore the need to prioritize education, especially female education, as well as child rights in general in the local government through adequate funding, investment in teachers and creation of awareness about the rights of the child.

Education, Gender, and Child-Rights

2017 ◽  
pp. 141-154
Author(s):  
Taiwo O. Abioye ◽  
Kehinde Oyesomi ◽  
Esther Ajiboye ◽  
Segun Omidiora ◽  
Olusola Oyero
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Child Rights ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Adequate Funding ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Development Goals

Promoting and improving quality education is one of the core missions of the United Nations at ensuring sustainable future; hence, the slogan: Change towards a better quality of life starts with education. This paper examined the place of education, gender and child rights within the current status of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Ado-Odo/Ota local government of Ogun State, Nigeria. Questionnaire and interviews were used as instruments of data collection. School children between ages 7 and 18 in both private and public schools formed the study population. A sample size, 1000 respondents, was drawn from the population out of which 976 responded effectively to the questions. The findings revealed that education and child rights remain in a precarious state in the local government. There was a limited awareness about child rights among children in primary schools and secondary schools; teaching materials and instructors were grossly inadequate in many of the schools sampled and basic needs such as water and electricity were unavailable. It was also observed that the number of enrolled male children in schools is 24% higher than the females. These challenges should be put into consideration when formulating policies for education in developing countries. There is therefore the need to prioritize education, especially female education, as well as child rights in general in the local government through adequate funding, investment in teachers and creation of awareness about the rights of the child.

scholarly journals Dynamic Analysis and Prediction of Food Nitrogen Footprint of Urban and Rural Residents in Shanghai

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 1760
Author(s):  
Yuling Xia ◽  
Chengsong Liao ◽  
Dianming Wu ◽  
Yanzhuo Liu
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Moving Average ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Urban And Rural Residents ◽  
Total Food ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
N Management

The food nitrogen (N) footprint reflects the amount of reactive N emission and its impact on the environment as a result of food production and consumption to satisfy the basic food demands of an urban population. The N-Calculator model was used to estimate the food N footprint and its dynamic changes in Shanghai from 2000 to 2017, and the auto regressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) time series model was used to predict the food N footprint in Shanghai from 2018 to 2027. The results show that the food N footprint was higher in urban areas (15.3–18.8 kg N/capita/yr) than rural areas (12.6–17.4 kg N/capita/yr) of Shanghai from 2000 to 2017. The change in the food N footprint was consistent with changes in food consumption in urban and rural areas, and the total food N footprint of urban and rural residents was positively correlated with the per capita disposable income and population whereas it was negatively correlated with the Engel’s Coefficient and price index. It was predicted that the per capita food N footprint will gradually decrease in 2018–2027 in urban areas of Shanghai, but it will generally increase in the rural areas. This study will help to initiate policy interventions for sustainable N management and contribute to the achievement of key sustainable development goals (SDGs).

scholarly journals Diagnostic analysis of physical fitness and overweight related to adolescent health: Evaluation criteria for health

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
F Nunes Valente ◽  
F J Aidar ◽  
D Gama de Matos ◽  
R C Hickner ◽  
M L Mazini Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the association between physical fitness, socio-demographic factors and overweight prevalence of adolescent schoolchildren from urban and rural cities. Methods: The study population was made up of 377 male and female teenagers 14–17 years, enrolled in randomly selected public schools in urban and rural areas the northern Brazil. Socioeconomic status, flexibility, abdominal strength, endurance and cardiorespiratory fitness were measured. Results: The students from urban areas had a 55% (confidence interval of 95% = 1.12–2.12) more likely inadequacy physical quality and area of residence when compared to the rural area students. There was an association between muscular strength and endurance and area of residence. These odds ratio results demonstrated that the chances the students presented with inadequacy in this variable were 8.99 (confidence interval of 95% = 1.12–72.30) times higher among schoolchildren in rural compared to urban area. It was observed that 25.1% of teenagers found themselves with inadequate body composition, and the proportion of teenagers with inadequate body composition was higher (p < 0.05) for males (32.3%) compared to females (18%). Conclusion: It was concluded that there was an association between components of health related fitness and area of residence in the current study groups.

scholarly journals An exploration of multilevel modeling for estimating access to drinking-water and sanitation

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennyfer Wolf ◽  
Sophie Bonjour ◽  
Annette Prüss-Ustün
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Multilevel Modeling ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Safe Drinking Water ◽  
Water And Sanitation ◽  
Regulatory Frameworks ◽  
Improved Sanitation ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Monitoring progress towards the targets for access to safe drinking-water and sanitation under the Millennium Development Goals (MDG) requires reliable estimates and indicators. We analyzed trends and reviewed current indicators used for those targets. We developed continuous time series for 1990 to 2015 for access to improved drinking-water sources and improved sanitation facilities by country using multilevel modeling (MLM). We show that MLM is a reliable and transparent tool with many advantages over alternative approaches to estimate access to facilities. Using current indicators, the MDG target for water would be met, but the target for sanitation missed considerably. The number of people without access to such services is still increasing in certain regions. Striking differences persist between urban and rural areas. Consideration of water quality and different classification of shared sanitation facilities would, however, alter estimates considerably. To achieve improved monitoring we propose: (1) considering the use of MLM as an alternative for estimating access to safe drinking-water and sanitation; (2) completing regular assessments of water quality and supporting the development of national regulatory frameworks as part of capacity development; (3) evaluating health impacts of shared sanitation; (4) using a more equitable presentation of countries' performances in providing improved services.

scholarly journals Establishment and activity of culture centers and people`s universities in northeastern Bosnia in the first years of “New Yugoslavia”

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-236
Author(s):  
Jasmin Jajčević ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Public Universities ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
Cultural Centers ◽  
Houses Of Culture ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Second World ◽  
Educational Contents

Cultural and educational work after the Second World War in northeastern Bosnia, in addition to cultural, educational and artistic societies, took place in various cultural institutions, where cultural centers and public universities stand out. The houses of culture, in cooperation with societies, universities and various cultural and educational sections, organized events, lectures and various cultural and educational contents. Their importance was especially pronounced in the smaller rural areas of northeastern Bosnia, where they were the center of cultural and educational work. People's universities, as cultural and educational institutions, were supposed to nurture scientific and lecturing work, and to politically enlighten the population of urban and rural areas of northeastern Bosnia through various lectures. In essence, public universities were public schools in which ideologically appropriate lectures with various topics were mostly held and they played a significant role in the creation of a socialist society. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to point out the role and importance of the establishment of these cultural and educational institutions in northeastern Bosnia, and their overall contribution to the cultural and educational awareness of the population of northeastern Bosnia.

Education Commission of New South Wales

1984 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-57
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Public Education ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Further Education ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Education Commission ◽  
The Government ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

The Education Commission of New South Wales was established in October, 1980, as a response to efforts made by teachers, parents and others to achieve effective community participation in the decisions which affect public education in this State.Membership of the Commission provides for the representation of teachers, parents, Government administration and other community interests. The Commission is a representative body which acts as the prime adviser to the Minister for Education and, through the Minister, to the Government.The Commission has statutory responsibilities in terms of its role as the employing authority for teachers in public schools and colleges of technical and further education, and as the Minister’s major advisory body on broad policy and planning matters.The Commission’s charter in respect of policy, planning and resource issues for public education includes primary and secondary education, technical and further education and higher education. The Commission consults with Departments and other statutory bodies and operates by furnishing reports and making recommendations to the Minister for Education. These may be on the initiative of the Commission or at the request of the Minister.During its first two years the Education Commission identified nine major issues arising from pressures for change. The Commission has sought to identify viewpoints about the most important aspects of these issues with the intention of preparing proposals for Government consideration.Viewpoints have been identified through consultation with interested groups as members of working parties, through preparation and distribution of discussion papers, through visiting schools and colleges in urban and rural areas, by holding public seminars, by calling for submissions, and by meeting with individuals and groups in a variety of other situations.

scholarly journals Toxocara(Nematoda: Ascaridida) and Other Soil-Transmitted Helminth Eggs Contaminating Soils in Selected Urban and Rural Areas in the Philippines

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vachel Gay V. Paller ◽  
Emmanuel Ryan C. de Chavez
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
And Control

The extent of contamination of soils with soil transmitted helminthes (STH) eggs, particularlyToxocara, was determined in selected urban and rural towns of Laguna, Philippines. Soil samples were collected from public schools, house yards, and empty lots. Results revealed that, of the 1480 soil samples collected, 460 (31%) were positive for STH eggs.Toxocarasp. was the most prevalent (77%), followed byAscarissp. (11%), hookworms/strongyles/free-living nematodes (7%), andTrichurissp. (5%). Some soil physicochemical parameters were also determined and associated withToxocaraeggs prevalence and density in soil. Results revealed thatToxocarasp. eggs were most prevalent in less acidic, relatively high temperature and high moisture soil conditions. They were also prevalent in sandy, silty, and loamy soil textures but less prevalent in clayey. No significant differences were found between depth 1 (0–5 cm) and depth 2 (6–10 cm). This study revealed thatToxocarasp. eggs are ubiquitous and the extent of contamination in soils from the selected towns of Laguna is relatively high. Hence, the data generated in this study can be used in promoting public awareness, particularly for pet owners and local health officials, for effective prevention and control of this parasitosis.

scholarly journals Effects of Mastery Learning Model on Academic Achievement of Secondary School Students in Mathematics

2019 ◽  
Vol IV (IV) ◽  
pp. 232-238
Author(s):  
Lubna Toheed ◽  
Arshad Ali
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Mastery Learning ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
School Level ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
School Students ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

The study aimed to investigate the effects of the Mastery Learning Model (MLM) on students academic achievement in the subject of mathematics at secondary school level in the urban and rural areas of Mardan district, province Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa, Pakistan. It was a quasi-experimental study. The experimental design of the study was pre-test post-test non-equivalent group design. Two public schools from district Mardan were selected purposively. The students of grade 9th from these schools participated in this study. The number of participants was 214. Experimental groups were taught through MLM and control groups were exposed to the Conventional Method of Teaching (CMT). The instruments used for data collection were academic achievement tests. The data were analyzed through an independent sample t-test. The result declared that the performance of the students experimental groups was better than those of the control groups. It was concluded that MLM enhanced academic achievement of students in urban and rural areas of district Mardan

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