HIV , HCV , and HBV incidence and residual risk in US blood donors before and after implementation of the 12‐month deferral policy for men who have sex with men

Transfusion ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Whitney R. Steele ◽  
Roger Y. Dodd ◽  
Edward P. Notari ◽  
James Haynes ◽  
Steven A. Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Donors ◽  
Residual Risk ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Sex With Men

scholarly journals Limited anti-HIV neutralizing antibody breadth and potency before and after HIV superinfection in Danish men who have sex with men

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
Andrew D. Redd ◽  
Marie Helleberg ◽  
Matthew Sievers ◽  
Stephen D. Schmidt ◽  
Nicole A. Doria-Rose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Anti Hiv

scholarly journals Prevalence, incidence and residual risk of transfusion-transmitted HBV infection before and after the implementation of HBV-NAT in northern Brazil

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. e0208414
Author(s):  
Angelita Silva de Miranda Corrêa ◽  
Letícia Martins Lamarão ◽  
Priscilla Cristina Moura Vieira ◽  
Renata Bezerra Hermes de Castro ◽  
Núbia Caroline Costa de Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual Risk ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Northern Brazil

scholarly journals PrEP users among Lisbon MSM Cohort participants – A first look after PrEP implementation in Portugal

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
F Fernandes ◽  
P Meireles ◽  
M Rocha ◽  
J Rojas ◽  
H Barros
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Country ◽  
Diverse Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Hiv Negative

Abstract Background Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with tenofovir/emtricitabine has shown to be effective in preventing HIV among high-risk HIV-negative men who have sex with men (MSM). Portugal made PrEP available in February 2018, but few MSM reported PrEP use before. We aimed to compare the sociodemographic characteristics of MSM using PrEP and those knowing PrEP but not using and to compare MSM who started PrEP before and after its implementation in Portugal. Methods We performed a cross-sectional analysis, using Lisbon MSM Cohort data - an open prospective cohort of HIV-negative MSM testing at a community-based center in Lisbon - regarding the first time PrEP use was reported. Data from March 2015 to April 2019 was used. In this period 2142 MSM participated in the cohort and reported to know PrEP of whom 160 (7.5%) reported to use it. 83 PrEP-users answered a subset of questions about PrEP. Comparisons were performed using t-test, Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test. Results Comparing with non-users, PrEP users were significantly older (Mean: 35.7, SD 9.4 vs. 30.8, SD 9.2, p < 0.001), had more frequently a Master or PhD degree (37.2% vs. 27.4%, p = 0.017), and were more frequently born in a foreign country (42.2% vs. 31.8%, p < 0.001). Groups were similar in terms sexual orientation. Among the 83 PrEP users answering more questions about PrEP, 28 (33.7%) reported to have ordered their PrEP medication online, 24 (28.9%) obtained it in a medical appointment in Portugal, 15 (18.1%) in a foreign country, 4 in a clinical trial or demonstration project. Of all PrEP users, 30 (19.4%) started PrEP only after February 2018, and no sociodemographic differences were found comparing with those who started before. Conclusions MSM reporting PrEP use were more educated, older and more frequently born in a foreign country than non-PrEP users. MSM starting PrEP before and after February 2018 were similar, which may indicate that making PrEP available did not yet reach a more diverse group of MSM. Key messages MSM reporting PrEP use were more educated, older and more frequently born in a foreign country than non-PrEP users. MSM starting PrEP before and after February 2018 were similar, which may indicate that making PrEP available did not yet reach a more diverse group of MSM.

Comparison of Gravity Collection Versus Suction Collection for Transfusion Purposes in Dogs

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 301-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bérénice Conversy ◽  
Marie-Claude Blais ◽  
Lisa Carioto ◽  
Julie Beaudoin
Keyword(s):  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Product ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Collection Methods ◽  
Time Point

Blood donation is an essential step in transfusion medicine that must take into account the donor’s welfare, collection effectiveness, and blood product quality. This prospective study enrolled 13 canine blood donors, each subjected to both gravity and suction collection methods, in a randomized order. Clinical parameters, including heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and rectal temperature (RT), were evaluated at four time points, including when the donor was on the floor and on the collection table, and before and after blood donation. The number of times the donor and needle required repositioning, the duration of the donation, the noise created by the apparatus, and the presence of a hematoma were evaluated. The weight, index of hemolysis, and hematocrit of each unit of blood were recorded. There was no significant difference between collection methods for either the clinical parameters at each time point or the prevalence of hematoma formation, the frequency of needle repositioning, the hemolysis index, or hematocrit. Collection by suction was noisier (P < 0.0001), faster (P = 0.004), and associated with significantly less donor repositioning (P = 0.007). Suction appears to be a safe and cost-effective method that should be considered to optimize blood donation.

Current incidence and residual risk of hepatitis B infection among blood donors in the United States

Transfusion ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 1609-1620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shimian Zou ◽  
Susan L. Stramer ◽  
Edward P. Notari ◽  
Mary C Kuhns ◽  
David Krysztof ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
The United States ◽  
Residual Risk ◽  
Hepatitis B Infection ◽  
Current Incidence

scholarly journals Presence of anti-HBc antibodies in antigene negatives HBs blood donors at the central hôpital of Yaounde

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 127-129
Author(s):  
Ngo Sack Françoise F Françoise F ◽  
◽  
Tchouanti Njomgang Ornella ◽  
Ateba Pulchérie ◽  
et Piameu Junior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Residual Risk ◽  
Transmission Risk ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Viral Dna ◽  
Viral Hepatitis B ◽  
Very High

Introduction: In Cameroon, blood transfusion safety is a real public health problem. It is one of the African countries where screening for HBsAb is not systematic in blood donors, which can expose the beneficiaries of these donations to possible viral hepatitis B (VHB) infections. Methodology: We carry out a descriptive study at the Yaoundé Central Hospital blood bank during the period from August to October 2018. It was intended to determine the residual risk of transmission of VHB related to the presence of HBcAb in blood donors tested negative to HBsAg. The immunochromatographic technique was used for the detection of total HBcAb in blood donors tested negative for HBsAg, HCV, HIV and TPHA markers. The viral markers, HBsAg, HIV, HCVAb, and TPHA, were tested by ARCHITECT, an apparatus which uses the immunological principle of chemiluminescence. Results: Of the 148 donors registered in the study, we had 129 men and 19 women. We obtained an overall transmission risk of HBV related to the presence of HBcAb of 43.24%. This risk was 47.37% for family donors (p = 0.03999) and 27.3% for volunteers. No significant association was found between the sex of the participants (p = 0.3762), age (p = 0.7403), donor regularity (p = 0.4587) and HBcAb frequency. Concluson: In view of these results, the HBcAb remains very high in the blood donors tested HBsAg negative in Cameroon. To complete this study, we suggest the screening for viral DNA in donors who are tested HBsAg negative and HBcAb positive to eradicate this residual risk of HBV transmission through blood transfusion.

scholarly journals 1028. Performance and Patient Acceptability Evaluation of the Chembio DPP® HIV-Syphilis Assay in an Emergency Department

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S605-S605
Author(s):  
Kendall N Maliszewski ◽  
Yu-Hsiang Hsieh ◽  
Deanna Myer ◽  
Danielle A Perez ◽  
Charlotte A Gaydos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Patient Acceptability ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Finger Stick ◽  
Test Result

Abstract Background Emergency departments (EDs) serve as sentinel settings for diagnosing sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV and syphilis. We aimed to assess performance and patient acceptability of a point-of-care (POC) test, the Chembio Dual Path Platform (DPP®) HIV-Syphilis Assay, in an urban ED in Baltimore. Methods 170 patients were enrolled via convenience sampling from Oct 2019 – March 2020 and Jan 2021 – June 2021. Patients eligible were < 70 yrs, men who have sex with men, pregnant without care, had STI concerns, or history of drug use. Subjects received standard of care (SOC) HIV and syphilis testing under institutional laboratory algorithms. Subjects were then tested with the finger-stick POC test and completed a survey, both before and after the POC test to assess subjects’ attitudes about the POC test. Results Comparing the SOC and POC results, 165/170 (97.1%) were test concordant. 3 syphilis POC results were false negative, but reported successful treatment over 10 years prior to enrollment (treponemal antibody remains after treatment). 1 HIV result was false negative and 1 was false positive. Overall the sensitivity and specificity of the HIV POC test were 96.8% (95%CI: 83.3%, 99.9%) and 99.3% (95% CI: 96.1%, 100%), and for syphilis were 85.7% (95%Cl: 63.7%, 97.0%) or 100% (95%CI: 81.5%, 100%), if excluding 3 persons having been successfully treated, and 100% (95% CI: 97.6%, 100%) respectively. The pre-test survey found 67% and 77% of participants were comfortable with a finger-stick test and agreed the POC test result would be as good as the SOC test result, which increased to 96% and 86% in the post-test, respectively, (p< 0.05). At post-test, 86% reported they would feel confident to perform this test at home and 81% would use it at least once per year if it were available. 97% reported they were more likely to seek treatment if receiving a positive result during their ED visit and 91% reported it would reduce their stress/anxiety if receiving a negative test result in the ED. Conclusion Our findings demonstrated satisfactory performance and high patient acceptability of the Chembio DPP® HIV-Syphilis Assay. Given the test is FDA approved, implementation studies are needed to determine whether adoption of this POC test will benefit patients and be consistent with ED workflows. Disclosures Richard E. Rothman, PhD, MD, Chem bio (Grant/Research Support)

Venostasis but not DDAVP Infusion Provokes the Plasma Fibronectin Increase

1990 ◽  
Vol 64 (02) ◽  
pp. 294-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Letowska ◽  
K Bykowska ◽  
J Sablinski ◽  
S Lopaciuk ◽  
M Kopeć
Keyword(s):  
Von Willebrand Factor ◽  
Vessel Wall ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Plasma Fibronectin ◽  
Lysis Time ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Euglobulin Lysis Time ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
Willebrand Factor ◽  
Factor Antigen

SummaryPlasma fibronectin (pFN), von Willebrand factor antigen (vWf: Ag), factor VIII procoagulant activity, fibrinogen, euglobulin lysis time (ELT) and hematocrit were determined in healthy blood donors before and after venostasis as well as after intravenous infusion of l-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin (DDAVP). Both venostasis and DDAVP provoked an increase in vWf : Ag and shortening in the ELT. In contrast, venostasis only but not DDAVP induced an increase in pFN levels which was statistically significant with and without correction for a concomitant hematocrit increment. The results indicate that there is a distinct difference in the patterns of venostasis and DDAVP mediated release of proteins from the vessel wall.

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