scholarly journals Effect of ploughing-down of grapevine chips on soil structure when using special agricultural machinery

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbora Badalíková ◽  
Jan Červinka
Keyword(s):  
Soil Structure ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
The Other ◽  
Wood Chips ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Waste Wood ◽  
The University ◽  
University Training ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Agricultural Machines

Within the period of 2008–2011, changes in soil structure were studied in two selected localities: one of them was situated in vineyards of the University Training Farm of Mendel University in Žabčice near Brno, the other was in vineyards situated in the cadastre of wine-growing municipality Velké Bílovice. Established were altogether three variants of experiments with application of crushed grapevine wood (chips): Variant 1 – control; Variant 2 – crushed grapevine wood ploughed down to the depth of 0.10 m; Variant 3 – crushed grapevine wood + grass spread on the soil surface as a mulch. Grapevine canes were crushed to chips using a special agricultural machinery while the soil in inter-rows was processed using conventional tilling machines. The obtained results showed that the best coefficient of structurality (expressing the degree of destruction of soil structure) was recorded in Variants 2 in both localities. Considering values of this coefficient it could be concluded that just this variant showed a positive effect on soil structure. This variant reduced the compaction of soil caused by the movement of agricultural machines in vineyard inter-rows Crushed grapevine waste wood can therefore compensate losses of organic matter in soil. Better values of structurality coefficient were recorded in the locality Žabčice.

scholarly journals V-belt transmissions of agricultural machines

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
N.P. Balovnev ◽  
◽  
Y.I. Brovkina ◽  
L.A. Dmitrieva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shock Loading ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Special Method ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Belt Drives ◽  
Regulatory Documents ◽  
Guide Roller ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Agricultural Machines

The article is devoted to the analysis of design features and operating conditions of V-belt trans-missions of agricultural machinery. When designing these gears, it is recommended to give prefer-ence to gears made according to an open circuit or with a tension roller located outside the belt con-tour, to avoid cross and semi-cross gears, as well as multi-pulley gears with crossing shaft axles. To make the wider use of more progressive types of belts. It was shown that the features of V-belt transmissions of agricultural machinery require clarification of the methods for calculating trans-missions with progressive types of V-belts and automatic belt tensioning methods. It was noted that special attention should be paid to transmissions with multi-profile belts, which calculation has not been sufficiently reflected in domestic regulatory documents. The advantages of such belts are es-pecially noticeable under variable and shock loading. Based on the analysis, the recommendations for clarifying the calculation of belt drives with multi-profile belts were given. Analytical dependencies are proposed for determining the value of the nominal power transmitted by one belt (stream) of a multi-profile belt, allowing automation of the calculation of V-belt transmissions of agricultural machinery. For gears with a tension or guide roller that add an extra (sometimes reverse) bend of the belt, it is proposed to determine the coeffi-cient taking into account different degrees of bending on the pulleys according to a graph built tak-ing into account the linear hypothesis of summation of damages. It is recommended to calculate gears with spring-loaded tensioning rollers and design tensioning devices for such transmissions using a special method that takes into account the belt tensioning method. At the same time, the required value of the pre-tension of the belt can be significantly re-duced, which will have a positive effect on its resource, without losing the traction capacity of the transmission itself. Expressions are given for finding the value of the pre-tension of belts, both for gears with tension due to the elasticity of the belt, and for gears with spring-loaded tension rollers. Conclusions and directions for further research are formulated.

scholarly journals Training of translators at the university: new challenges

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Т.С. Вершинина ◽  
О.Л. Кочева
Keyword(s):  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Group Consciousness ◽  
Metacognitive Skills ◽  
Formative Experiment ◽  
Professional Requirements ◽  
Cultural Contradictions ◽  
Level Of Motivation ◽  
The University ◽  
University Training ◽  
Positive Effect

Актуальность статьи обусловлена несоответствием содержания вузовской подготовки переводчиков требованиям, предъявляемым современной профессиональной средой к выпускникам этого направления. Описаны результаты трехлетнего исследования, нацеленного на выявление набора переводческих компетенций, включающих, кроме лингвистических и метакогнитивных навыков, личностные характеристики и умения регулировать социокультурные противоречия. Показано, что в контексте межъязыкового общения переводчик выступает регулятором коммуникации, а, значит, должен демонстрировать эффективные приемы воздействия на индивидуальное или групповое сознание. Авторы убеждены, что развитие новых качеств может также положительно сказаться на уровне мотивации будущих переводчиков, что было подтверждено в ходе проведенного формирующего эксперимента. Статья предназначена для руководителей образовательных переводческих программ и специалистов в области перевода, планирующих разработку алгоритма применения нового профессионального стандарта «Специалист в области перевода». The relevance of the article is due to the inconsistency of the content of the university training of translators with the today’s professional requirements placed on the graduates of this direction of studies. The article describes the results of a three-year study aimed at identifying a set of translation competencies, including, in addition to linguistic and metacognitive skills, personal characteristics and the ability to regulate socio-cultural contradictions. It is shown that in the context of interlingual communication, the translator acts as a regulator of communication, and, therefore, must demonstrate effective methods of influencing individual or group consciousness. The authors are convinced that the development of new qualities can also have a positive effect on the level of motivation of future translators, which was confirmed by the formative experiment. The article is intended for managers of educational translation programs and specialists in the field of translation who plan to develop an algorithm for applying the new professional standard "Specialist in the field of translation".

Some Reflections on Teaching Mathematics for Elementary School Teachers

1980 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 42-44
Author(s):  
Lowell Leake
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Elementary School Teachers ◽  
School Teacher ◽  
The Other ◽  
Teaching Mathematics ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
University Of Cincinnati ◽  
The University ◽  
University Training ◽  
Certification Requirement

Virtually every college or university training elementary school teachers offers a course in mathematics content with a title similar to “Mathematics for the Elementary School Teacher”, the title we use at the University of Cincinnati. The course is usually a year long and in most states it is a certification requirement for grades kindergarten through eight; it evolved from the recommendations of the Committee on the Undergraduate Program in Mathematics (CUPM) of the Mathematical Association of America in the early 1960s. Little, however, has appeared in journals such as the Arithmetic Teacher about the experiences various universities or instructors have had with this course. This paper describes some aspects of such a course at the University of Cincinnati, and I have had two major purposes in mind in writing it. One is to communicate some successful ideas to others who teach similar courses, and the other is to encourage others to submit their ideas, experiences, and suggestions so that all of us can share and profit from each other's successes and failures. A third possibility is to generate some comments from teachers in elementary and middle schools who once took such a course and now, in retrospect, have suggestions to make to those of us who teach it.

scholarly journals The impact of roosting birds on the abundance of two groups of soil mesofauna

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 117-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krassimira ILIEVA-MAKULEC ◽  
Dawid KOZACKI ◽  
Grzegorz MAKULEC
Keyword(s):  
Soil Layer ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Control Area ◽  
The Other ◽  
Soil Mesofauna ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Positive Effect

The aim of the study was to assess the influence of corvid urban roosts on the abundance of two groups of soil mesofauna: mites and springtails. Two areas located in the city of Warsaw were taken into consideration, one subjected to winter roosting activity of corvids and the other not influenced by birds. The samples were taken three times, in May, July, and September of 2013. The results show a positive effect of corvid roosts on the density of soil mesofauna, especially in the top 0–5 cm soil layer. On each sampling date, we found more numerous communities of mites and springtails in the soil within the roosting area than in control. The average densities ofmites ranged from 30×103 ind. m–2 to 200×103 ind. m–2 in the soil within the roost and from 6 ×103 ind. m–2 to 40×103 ind. m–2 in the control. In the case of springtails the average densities ranged from 9×103 ind. m–2 to 36×103 ind. m–2 in the roost and from 4×103 ind. m–2 to 8×103 ind. m–2 in the control. Among the two groups, mites prevailed over the springtails both in the soil of roost and control area. We inferred that the corvid roosting activity, involving mainly an excrement deposition on the soil surface, influences soil mesofauna indirectly

The Determinants of Capital Adequacy Ratio: The Case of the Vietnamese Banking System in the Period 2011-2015

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ngoc Anh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Banking System ◽  
Precious Metals ◽  
Capital Adequacy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Total Asset ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Hand Size ◽  
Net Interest Margin ◽  
Capital Adequacy Ratio ◽  
Positive Effect

The analysis of a data set of observation for Vietnamese banks in period from 2011 - 2015 shows how Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) is influenced by selected factors: asset of the bank SIZE, loans in total asset LOA, leverage LEV, net interest margin NIM, loans lost reserve LLR, Cash and Precious Metals in total asset LIQ. Results indicate based on data that NIM, LIQ have significant effect on CAR. On the other hand, SIZE and LEV do not appear to have significant effect on CAR. Variables NIM, LIQ have positive effect on CAR, while variables LLR and LOA are negatively related with CAR.

Industrial Technology Graduates’ Acquired Skills and Competencies from the University

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 189
Author(s):  
Amado C Gequinto ◽  
Do Mads
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Text Messaging ◽  
Global Market ◽  
The Other ◽  
Global Markets ◽  
Industrial Technology ◽  
The University ◽  
Descriptive Method

Skills and competencies are highly regarded in todays global market. Different agencies specifically those seeking for  technologists, technicians, and engineers, have stressed out that skills and competencies as major components  for individual workers.  This aimed to determine  the relevance and appropriateness of acquired skills and competencies by industrial technology graduates, and determine the extent of use of skills and competencies in the current employment. Review of related literatures and studies have been considered in the realization, understanding, analysis, and interpretation of this research exploration. A descriptive method of research was used with 78 graduates from 2015-2016 and 117 graduates from 2016-2017, who participated in the study survey process. The BatStateU Standardized Questionnaire was used to gather data. A brief interview and talk during the visit of alumni in the university was also considered, as well as the other means of social media like email, facebook, messenger, and text messaging.   Results show that skills and competecnices acquired by industrial technology graduates are all relevant and appropriate.  The study also found that there is some to great extent use of acquired skills and competencies to their current employment. The study implies that the acquired skills and competencies from the university significantly provided the graduates the opportunities ins the national and global markets and industries.

Strategies of maintenance and repair of agricultural machinery

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-48
Author(s):  
Aleksey S. Dorokhov ◽  
Aleksandr V. Denisov ◽  
Aleksey A. Solomashkin ◽  
Valeriy S. Gerasimov
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Maintenance And Repair ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
Machine Parts ◽  
Current Value ◽  
Agricultural Machines

Modern machines are subject to progressive wear that occurs at different rates, which leads to unpredictable failures that reduce the reliability and durability of machines. The strategy of maintenance and repair is aimed at eliminating these problems. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in analyzing the basic principles of the strategy of maintenance and repair of agricultural machinery in order to ensure control of the technical condition of machine parts. (Materials and methods) When resource diagnostics is used, , the allowable value of the parameter is set in advance for a part . This value is the tolerance that corresponds to a certain wear rate of the part. The tolerance is set based on the condition that if the current value of the controlled resource parameter during the next diagnosis is less than the set value, then such a part at the current value of the wear rate can be finalized until the next inter-control check. Taking into account the wear rate of the same type of parts from the group when determining the allowable wear during their resource diagnostics becomes an urgent task. (Results and discussions) As a result of research, the article presents "Methodology for determining the main indicators of reliability of parts of agricultural machines with different wear rates" and "Methodology for determining the tolerance system of parts of agricultural machines with different wear rates". (Conclusions) The article presents the tolerance system that reduces the probability of failure of machine parts in operation. During resource diagnostics, those parts whose resource parameters exceed the tolerance are rejected.

SOIL MORPHOLOGY AND SOIL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES. I. SOIL AERATION

1972 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. W. AYRES ◽  
R. G. BUTTON ◽  
E. DE JONG
Keyword(s):  
Soil Structure ◽  
Regression Coefficient ◽  
The Other ◽  
Soil Morphology ◽  
Soil Horizons ◽  
Undisturbed Soil ◽  
Soil Aeration ◽  
Structural Types ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Undisturbed Soil Cores

The relation between soil structure and soil aeration was investigated on undisturbed soil cores from soil horizons exhibiting six distinct kinds of soil structure (prismatic, columnar, blocky, granular, platy, massive) over a broad range of soil texture. Soil aeration was characterized at ⅓ atm suction by measurements of air porosity, relative diffusivity (D/Do) and the rate of oxygen diffusion to a platinum microelectrode (ODR). Aeration was adequate in most of the Chernozemic soil horizons studied; however, aeration in many of the Bnt horizons of the Solonetzic soils was inadequate. Air porosity and D/Do were highly correlated. The regression coefficient for D/Do vs. air porosity for blocky structures was significantly different from that found for the other five structural types. For granular structures a negative correlation was found for ODR vs. air porosity compared with a low positive correlation found for the other structure types.

scholarly journals Applications of Discrete Element Method in the Research of Agricultural Machinery: A Review

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 425
Author(s):  
Hongbo Zhao ◽  
Yuxiang Huang ◽  
Zhengdao Liu ◽  
Wenzheng Liu ◽  
Zhiqi Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Discrete Element Method ◽  
Discrete Element ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Design Of Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Agricultural Materials ◽  
Operational Processes ◽  
Dem Model ◽  
Agricultural Machines ◽  
Element Method

As a promising and convenient numerical calculation approach, the discrete element method (DEM) has been increasingly adopted in the research of agricultural machinery. DEM is capable of monitoring and recording the dynamic and mechanical behavior of agricultural materials in the operational process of agricultural machinery, from both a macro-perspective and micro-perspective; which has been a tremendous help for the design and optimization of agricultural machines and their components. This paper reviewed the application research status of DEM in two aspects: First is the DEM model establishment of common agricultural materials such as soil, crop seed, and straw, etc. The other is the simulation of typical operational processes of agricultural machines or their components, such as rotary tillage, subsoiling, soil compaction, furrow opening, seed and fertilizer metering, crop harvesting, and so on. Finally, we evaluate the development prospects of the application of research on the DEM in agricultural machinery, and look forward to promoting its application in the field of the optimization and design of agricultural machinery.

The Effects of Online Assignments and Weekly Deadlines on Student Outcomes in a Macroeconomics Course

2020 ◽  
pp. 056943452096825
Author(s):  
Laurie A. Miller ◽  
James R. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Student Retention ◽  
Adaptive Learning ◽  
Student Outcomes ◽  
Knowledge Retention ◽  
The Other ◽  
Student Knowledge ◽  
Final Exam ◽  
Online Assignments ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Jel Classifications

This study examined how weekly, externally set deadlines affected the completion of adaptive learning assignments and student outcomes in an introductory macroeconomics course. We imposed different deadline schemes for the same adaptive learning assignments in two sections of the course. One section was given flexible deadlines and the other section was given rigid weekly deadlines. We found that weekly deadlines did not affect assignment completions or total points earned on unit exams. We investigated how the adaptive learning assignments affected student retention of material. A measure of staying on pace in the course provided a positive effect on the comprehensive final exam for students with weekly deadlines. The weekly deadlines may not have influenced assignment completions but consistent engagement with the flow of topics through the course increased student knowledge retention. Regardless of deadline type, completions of adaptive learning assignments positively affected outcomes on the unit exams and final exam. JEL Classifications: A20, A22

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