scholarly journals Factors of Purchase of Bread – Prospect to Regain the Market Share?

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 1067-1072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ladislav Skořepa ◽  
Kamil Pícha
Keyword(s):  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
P Value ◽  
Goodness Of Fit Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Pearson Coefficient ◽  
The Family ◽  
Statistical Hypotheses ◽  
Buying Behaviour

The aim of the article is to assess the consumers’ buying behaviour and decision-making process when purchasing bread and to propose the ways of how to improve the position of bread in the market. 1601 properly filled questionnaires were used for the analysis. Results are presented under the form of frequencies of answers and statistical tests. The analysis included evaluation of statistical hypotheses about the independence (significance level α = 0.01) using the chi-square goodness of fit test and Pearson coefficient of contingency. The significance level was then compared with the value p-value, for p-value > α, the null hypothesis was not rejected. The most important factors of choosing bread are freshness, appearance habit and price. The importance of the price grows with the increasing age of respondents and decreases with the increasing income of questioned consumers. The importance of the brand, as well as the reference or recommendation from the family and friends slightly strengthens with the increasing income of the consumers. Most of the respondents make no difference between both (yeast and rye leaven) technologies of baking bread when making their buying decision. We cannot say, however, the preference to the rye leaven bread grows with the increasing age of respondents to the detriment of the yeast bread or vice versa.

scholarly journals Peran Keluarga terhadap Penurunan Tingkat Kecemasan Lanjut Usia

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
Dewi Puspa Cipta Utami
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Family Role ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Family

Introduction: The role of the family is the specific behavior expected by someone in the family member. Anxiety is a fear that is not clear and is not supported by the situation. Objective:  To Know the Relationship of Family Role to the Level of Anxiety in the Elderly in Hamlet 01 Kukusan Beji-Depok Method: The research method uses analytics with a cross-sectional approach. The study population was 288 people with a sample of 81 respondents using the Slovin formula. In the sampling technique using cluster sampling. Results: The results showed that the respondents with a bad family role as many as 41 (50.6%) anxiety levels of the middle aged were 59 (72.8%). The results of statistical tests using the chi-square test indicate that there is a significant or significant relationship between the role of the family and the level of anxiety of the elderly with a value of p-value 0.01. Conclusion: It was concluded that there was a relationship between the role of the family and the level of anxiety of the elderly in the Hamlet 01 Kukusan Beji District Depok City.

EFEKTIFITAS PEMBERIAN FAMILY PSYCHOEDUCATION (FPE) TERHADAP KEPATUHAN MINUM OBAT PENDERITA SKIZOFRENIA DI KOTA KEDIRI

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
Dhita Kurnia Sari ◽  
Lingga Kusuma Wardani
Keyword(s):  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Important Variable ◽  
P Value ◽  
Family Psychoeducation ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Adherence To Medication ◽  
The Family ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

ABSTRACT THE EFFECTIVENESS OF FAMILY PSYCHOEDUCATION (FPE) ON DRUG SUBSTITUTION OF SKIZOFRENIA PATIENTS IN THE CITY OF KEDIRI Dhita Kurnia Sari 1, Lingga Kusuma Wardani 2 STIKes Surya Mitra Husada Kediri [email protected] Schizophrenia is one type of psychotic disorders that often experience relapse. About 33% of people with schizophrenia experience recurrence and about 12.1% re-experienced hospitalization. Discontinuation of drugs is a major cause of recurrence of schizophrenic patients. The family of schizophrenic patients is a very important variable in the recurrence of schizophrenic patients. Allegedly the biggest factor in its effect on adherence to taking the drug of schizophrenia is family factor. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of family psychoeducation therapy on adherence to taking the drug of schizophrenia patients.            The design used in this research is pre-experiment. The population in the study were all families of schizophrenic patients in Kediri. Sampling technique in this research is taken by Purposive Sampling. The independent variable is the provision of family psychoeducatin therapy and the dependent variable in this study is the adherence to taking the drug of schizophrenic patients. Data were collected by observation sheet, then analyzed using Mc Nemar test with significance level a£ 0,05.          The results of the study of adherence to the treatment of schizophrenic patients before given the family psychoeducation of 20 respondents who did not obey 20 respondents (100%), whereas after given the family psychoeducation obedient 17 (85%) and disobedient 3 (15%), from the results of statistical tests with using Mc Nemar test obtained p value 0,000 <α 0.05 means there is influence of adherence to medication before and after given family psycoeducation.            Family knowledge and ability to cope with stressors while caring for family members with schizophrenia can create a comfortable and conducive environment that helps restore the client's condition and reduce and prevent noncompliance with schizophrenia medication. Keywords: adherence, family psychoeducation, schizophrenia

scholarly journals Hospitalisasi Pasien Skizofrenia di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Menur Surabaya

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-54
Author(s):  
Fitria Dewi Yunitasari ◽  
Ilil Maidatuz Zulfa
Keyword(s):  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
P Value ◽  
Typical Antipsychotic ◽  
Goodness Of Fit Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Predictor Factors

ABSTRAKSkizofrenia merupakan gangguan atau kumpulan gangguan mental yang mempengaruhi pemikiran, persepsi, dan perilaku sosial dan penyebabnya sebagian besar masih belum diketahui. Pengobatan farmakologis skizofrenia menggunakan obat-obat golongan antipsikotik terutama dalam jangka waktu lima tahun setelah episode akut pertama muncul. Penggunaan antipsikotik berpotensi menimbulkan kejadian hospitalisasi yang dapat menurunkan kualitas hidup pasien terkait penurunan fungsi sosial pasien skizofrenia. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis potensi jenis kelamin dan jenis pengobatan antipsikotik sebagai faktor prediktor hospitalisasi pasien skizofrenia. Analisis cross sectional jenis kelamin dan penggunaan antipsikotik dilakukan pada rekam medis pasien rawat inap di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Menur Surabaya Bulan Oktober 2017 yang didiagnosis skizofrenia (ICD-10 F20). Faktor prediktor hospitalisasi pasien  dianalisis menggunakan uji Chi-square for goodness of fit yang membandingkan perbedaan jumlah frekuensi antar kategori pada masing-masing faktor prediktor. Faktor jenis terapi antipsikotik digolongkan menjadi tipikal, atipikal, dan kombinasi. Hasil menunjukan terdapat perbedaan jumlah pasien pada tiga jenis terapi yang berbeda (p-value 0,000) dimana sebagian besar pasien yang dirawat dirumah sakit menerima antipsikotik tipikal (47,41%). Perbandingan jenis kelamin tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan pada pasien yang dirawat. Dapat disimpulkan jenis antipsikotik tipikal kemungkinan dapat mempengaruhi kejadian hospitalisasi pada pasien skizofrenia. Kata kunci: Skizofrenia, antipsikotik tipikal, antipsikotik atipikal, hospitalisasi.ABSTRACTSchizophrenia is a mental disorder that affect thought, perception, and social behaviours. Most of causes of schizophrenia are unknown. Pharmacological treatments of schizophrenia use antipsychotics especially during  five years after first acute episode observed. The use of antipsychotics potentially lead to hospitalization that can affect to patients’ quality of life. This study was aimed to analyze the potential of gender and types of antipsychotic treatments as predictor factors in hospitalization of schizophrenia patients. Cross sectional analysis in gender and types of antipsycotics was conducted to medical records of inpatients at Rumah Sakit Jiwa Menur Surabaya diagnozed with Schizophrenia (ICD-10 Code F20) in October 2017. Chi-square for goodness of fit test was used to determine the difference amount of patients among different gender and different types of antipsychotics used as predictor factors. Types of antipsychotics used was classified into three categories which were patients who received typical antipsychotic, atypical antipsycotic and combination. The results showed that there was a significant difference in amount of hospitalized patients who received typical antipsychotic, atypical antipsycotic and combination (p-value 0,000) which most of hospitalized patients received atypical antipsychotics (47,41%).On the other hand, the proportion of gender among hospitalized patients was found have no significant difference. In conclusion, types of antipsychotics used might related to the hospitalization of schizophrenia patients.Keywords: Schizophrenia, Typical antipsychotic, Atypical antipsychotic, Hospitalization.

scholarly journals PREGNANCY EXERCISE IMPACT TO PERINEAL TEAR IN NORMAL LABOR

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 274
Author(s):  
Ayunda Ardiana ◽  
Budi Utomo ◽  
K. Kasiati ◽  
Bambang Purwanto
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
P Value ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Perineal Tear ◽  
Normal Delivery ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Perineal Tears ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Perineal tear is the tearing of the pelvic floor muscles. Based on the literature review and previous research, perineal tear often occur in labor, especially in primigravida. Pregnancy exercise is a physical activity that carried out by pregnant women. This study aims to determine the relationship between pregnancy exercise and perineal tear in normal labor at the Pratama Anugrah Clinic in Surabaya. Methods: This study uses an observational analytic method with a retrospective time approach. The number of samples was 34 case groups (perineal tears) and 34 control groups (no perineal tears) in normal delivery using purposive sampling. The instruments used are medical records, written interviews, cameras and checklists. Data analysis used chi square statistical test with a significance level of 0.05. Results: The results showed that there were still many mothers who did not do pregnancy exercise during their pregnancy as many as 43 (63.2%). Mothers who did not practice pregnancy exercise experienced more perineal tears as much as 27 (79.4%), while mothers who did practice pregnancy exercise experience perineal tear in normal labor that is 18 (53%). Result of chi square statistical tests obtained p value 0.006 (p<0.05). Conclusion: Pregnancy exercise minimizes perineal tear in normal delivery.  

scholarly journals Treatment Outcome Of Hyperglycemic Emergency And Predictors In Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pawlos Asfaw Tekeste ◽  
Gashaw Binega Mekonnen ◽  
Achenef Asmamaw Muche ◽  
Bereket Molla Tigabu
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Goodness Of Fit Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Duration Of Hospital Stay

Abstract Background: Hyperglycemic Emergency (HE) denotes critical cases of decompensated diabetes mellitus (DM). Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS) are the extreme cases of HE. This study aims to assess the treatment outcome of HE and predictors in Ethiopia.Method: Four-year medical records of DM patients admitted for HE at Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital (HFSUH) were reviewed retrospectively. Data were entered into and cleaned by Epi-InfoTM7 software. The statistical analysis was executed using the statistical package for social sciences software (SPSS) version 24. Chi-square test and student’s t-test were done to compare categorical and continuous variables. Logistic regression with the level of α set at 0.05 and AOR of 95% CI was done to determine the predictors. Statistical significance was established at AOR ≠1 within a 95% CI and P-value < 0.05. The model was verified using the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test (P = 0.392).Results: This study included 321 eligible patients. The median duration of hospital stay was 7 days. The pooled HE mortality was 16.5%; 21.4% of HHS and 11.1% of DKA died. Infection (AOR = 3.74, 95% CI: 1.85-7.57, P <0.001), comorbidity (AOR = 2.95, 95% CI: 1.34-6.48, P = 0.007), and lower admission Glasgow Coma Scale score ≤ 8 (AOR = 2.58, 95% CI: 1.17-5.71, P = 0.019) were the independent predictors of HE mortality.Conclusion: Mortality and duration of hospital stay stand high among DM patients admitted with HE. Infection, comorbidity, and lower admission GCS ≤ 8 are the independent predictors of HE mortality.

High Prevalence of Visual Midline Shift Syndrome in TBI: A Retrospective Study

2016 ◽  
pp. 176-182
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
P Value ◽  
Midline Shift ◽  
Goodness Of Fit Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Group 13 ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Background: Visual Midline Shift Syndrome (VMSS) is a common finding in patients who have suffered traumatic brain injury (TBI) and stroke. Proper identification of VMSS will allow for best patient management since VMSS has previously been shown to be treatable with Yoked Prism lenses. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of VMSS in a group of patients with TBI compared to patients with no report of TBI. Methods: A single-center retrospective study of 60 patients (30 TBI and 30 non-TBI) was conducted by chart review to determine the prevalence and direction of VMSS in each group. The presence of VMSS was determined by Visual Midline Shift Testing where the patient was instructed to follow a moving Wolff Wand fixation target performed at 3 gazes horizontally from both directions to detect any right or left VMSS and then the procedure was repeated vertically to detect any anterior or posterior VMSS. Results: A much higher prevalence of VMSS was found in the TBI group (93%) compared to the non-TBI group (13%). This difference was found to be statistically significant by Chi-Square analysis (p-value of <0.0011). The directions of VMSS in the TBI group, in order of prevalence were right (82%), anterior (64%), posterior (11%), and left (7%). Chi-Square Goodness-of-Fit Test showed the prevalence of right VMSS is statistically different than left VMSS or no right/left VMSS. (p-value < 0.001) and anterior VMSS is statistically different than posterior VMSS or no anterior/posterior VMSS (p-value = 0.002). Conclusion: The prevalence of VMSS is extremely high in patients with TBI. Our study also found a much higher prevalence of right or anterior VMSS. Our data supported VMSS testing to be performed on all patients with a history of TBI.

scholarly journals Hubungan Pola Asuh Orang Tua terhadap Kejadian Sibling Rivalry pada Anak di RW 002 Kelurahan Bukit Tempayan Kecamatan Batu Aji Kota Batam

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-161
Author(s):  
Septi Maisyaroh Ulina Panggabean
Keyword(s):  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Sibling Rivalry ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Authoritarian Parenting ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Counseling And Guidance

The way parents educate and raise children is influenced by many factors such as culture, religion, customs, beliefs, and personality of the parents. This study aimed to determine the relationship between parenting parents with the incidence of sibling rivalry in children. This study is an analytical cross-sectional correlation, the total population of samples taken with accidental sampling technique, the sample size of 20 respondents. The results showed the majority of children experience sibling rivalry events, from the results of the Chi-Square test of goodness of fit p-value of 0.001 with a significance level of 0.05, meaning that there is a significant relationship between parenting parents with the incidence of sibling rivalry. From this study, it can be seen that most of the respondents who apply pemanja authoritarian parenting and sibling rivalry occurs in children. Parents need to know and understand in applying parenting according to the stage of the child's behavior. Necessary counseling and guidance on parenting books that fit the child's development phase.

scholarly journals Regression Analysis for Analyzing Life Style Risk Factor of Diabetes in Pakistan

2021 ◽  
pp. 94-103
Author(s):  
Zahid Iqbal ◽  
Qaiser
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cholesterol Level ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
P Value ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Goodness Of Fit Test ◽  
Chi Square

Diabetes is a worldwide metabolic disease. In Pakistan prevalence of diabetes is increasing day by day. This research aims to analyze the risk factors associated with the patient in the Malakand division, KPK Pakistan. The data is collected from four districts of Malakand division District Headquarter Hospital for the period year 2018. The insignificant risk factors are eliminated using the backward Elimination method for the Binary logistic Regression model and for a best-fitted model, the AIC technique is used, while the logistic Coefficient is tested with help of Wald statistic and Hosmer-Lemeshow is performed for the Goodness of fit test. The positive and negative association among risk factors with diabetes is checked with the help of a Chi-square and odds ratio. Based on P-value at 5% level of significance the risk factors Age, cholesterol level, Hypertension, Family History, and Obesity are sensitive risk factors to develop diabetes. The AIC also show same best-fitted model while according to Hosmer- Lemeshow 0.844 indicating a better fit and these risk factors are associated with diabetes for the combine data of Malakand division. In each districts, the significant risk factors that affect to develop diabetes are Age, Cholesterol level and Obesity while according to AIC the best-fitted model is that in which the risk factors Gender and Occupation Status are involved the risk factor obesity show low level of precision based on 95% Confidence Interval and Chi-square statistic shows these factors are associated with diabetes.

scholarly journals 397 Seasonal Variation in Acute Cholecystitis; An Analysis to Predict Resources Allocation

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_6) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Gala ◽  
G Venkatesan ◽  
M Mohsin ◽  
M Abdelkarim ◽  
S Murali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Acute Cholecystitis ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
National Level ◽  
P Value ◽  
Goodness Of Fit Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
North Wales ◽  
Significant Seasonal Variation

Abstract Background Acute cholecystitis accounts for 20% of Emergency General Surgical admissions. The concept of seasonal variation is still a developing concept in surgical literature. Whether acute cholecystitis also follows a seasonal trend remains to be established. Aim Given the struggle healthcare system has been facing towards resource and staff allocation to deliver best possible patient care, we thought this may be a step forward to predict North Wales demand of resources seasonally and make appropriate arrangements ahead of time. Method We performed a retrospective analysis of patients across North Wales who had a discharging diagnosis of acute cholecystitis from January 2010 to December 2019. Chi-square goodness-of-fit test was used to analyse seasonality of acute cholecystitis adjusting for variation in number of days between seasons. The number of days for seasons were taken as 92, 92, 91, and 90.25 for spring, summer, fall, and winter, respectively. Results Overall, 4100 patients presented to the three hospitals across North Wales with acute cholecystitis during the study period. The frequency of hospital admissions varied between months (minimum February n = 302, maximum July n = 373) and seasons (minimum winter n = 971, maximum spring n = 1067). After applying chi-square goodness-of-fit test to check significant seasonality, we did not find any significant seasonal variation in acute cholecystitis (p-value = 0.262). Conclusions Our data failed to show any significant seasonal variation in patients presenting with acute cholecystitis in North Wales. We recommend prospective collection of data at national level to validate our results.

scholarly journals Analysis Of The Causes Of JKN KIS Contribution Payment Arrears In The Working Area Of Kendari City "Study At The Abeli Public Health"

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-66
Author(s):  
Muhammad ikhsan akbar Ikhsan
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Security ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Payment Arrears

Health Security Agency establishes the obligation to pay dues that must be followed in order to get health insurance society. But over time many participants BPJS is delinquent paying his dues BPJS. In June 2018 there were 711 souls who are still in arrears dues BPJS. This study aims to determine the factors associated with health BPJS arrears dues payments Independent in Puskesmas Abeli ​​Kendari. This research is an analytic study with cross sectional study. The population is all participants are in arrears in the health center BPJS Abeli ​​Kendari as 711. Total sample of 88 respondents. This study using Chi-square test. The results of statistical tests at the significance level α = 0.05, the result is no strong enough relationship between knowledge and dues payment arrears BPJS (p-value = 0.000), there is a strong enough correlation between income with payment arrears dues BPJS (p Value-= 0.000), there is a strong enough correlation between the perception of the arrears payment of dues BPJS (p-value = 0.000). The conclusion showed that the non-payment of dues BPJS in touch with all the variables. By him that suggested need for socialization of the BPJS that participants understand more about BPJS resulting in the payment of contributions of participants BPJS not delinquent.

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