scholarly journals Determinants of Solvency in Selected CEE Banking Sectors: Does Affiliation with the Financial Conglomerate Matter?

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 493-501
Author(s):  
Pavla Klepková Vodová
Keyword(s):  
Eastern European ◽  
Bank Profitability ◽  
Macroeconomic Factors ◽  
Financial Conglomerate ◽  
Panel Data Regression ◽  
Data Regression ◽  
Bank Solvency ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
Solvency Ratio

The aim of this paper is to describe the development of bank solvency in six selected Central and Eastern European countries (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Romania, Serbia and Slovenia) and to find out if the share of equity in total assets is influenced by the affiliation of banks with financial conglomerate or if other determinants are more important. The data cover the period from 2011 to 2017. The highest level of capital buffers hold Serbian banks, solvency of Croatian and Slovenian banks is below average. The results of the panel data regression analysis showed that the affiliation of banks with financial conglomerate does not statistically significant affect the simplified solvency ratio in these selected CEE countries. Instead, some bank‑specific and macroeconomic factors matter. Especially important is the lagged value of bank solvency. Among other factors, bank profitability and liquidity, quality of its loan portfolio and size of the bank, as well as the economic cycle and price of credit and debt were significant for some countries.

scholarly journals Determinants which Affect Liquid Asset Ratio of Czech and Slovak Commercial Banks

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavla Vodová
Keyword(s):  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Capital Adequacy ◽  
Macroeconomic Factors ◽  
Liquid Asset ◽  
Panel Data Regression ◽  
Data Regression ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Credit Portfolio

The aim of this paper is to find out determinants which affect liquid asset ratio of Czech and Slovak commercial banks. The data cover the period from 2001 to 2010. We consider four bank specific factors and nine macroeconomic factors. Results of panel data regression analysis showed that although Czech Republic and Slovak Republic have a lot in common, different factors determined banks´ liquid assets in individual countries. The liquid asset ratio of Czech banks increases with increase of capital adequacy, with depreciation of Czech koruna and with worsening quality of credit portfolio. Liquidity of Slovak banks decreases with size of the bank, with higher capital adequacy, higher bank liquidity and during periods of financial crisis. Liquidity of Slovak banks is also positively related to economic cycle.

scholarly journals Population-Level Prevalence, Bother, and Treatment Behavior for Urinary Incontinence in an Eastern European Country: Findings from the LUTS POLAND Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2314
Author(s):  
Mikolaj Przydacz ◽  
Marcin Chlosta ◽  
Piotr Chlosta
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Eastern European Country ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Eastern European Countries

Objectives: Population-level data are lacking for urinary incontinence (UI) in Central and Eastern European countries. Therefore, the objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence, bother, and behavior regarding treatment for UI in a population-representative group of Polish adults aged ≥ 40 years. Methods: Data for this epidemiological study were derived from the larger LUTS POLAND project, in which a group of adults that typified the Polish population were surveyed, by telephone, about lower urinary tract symptoms. Respondents were classified by age, sex, and place of residence. UI was assessed with a standard protocol and established International Continence Society definitions. Results: The LUTS POLAND survey included 6005 completed interviews. The prevalence of UI was 14.6–25.4%; women reported a greater occurrence compared with men (p < 0.001). For both sexes, UI prevalence increased with age. Stress UI was the most common type of UI in women, and urgency UI was the most prevalent in men. We did not find a difference in prevalence between urban and rural areas. Individuals were greatly bothered by UI. For women, mixed UI was the most bothersome, whereas for men, leak for no reason was most annoying. More than half of respondents (51.4–62.3%) who reported UI expressed anxiety about the effect of UI on their quality of life. Nevertheless, only around one third (29.2–38.1%) of respondents with UI sought treatment, most of whom received treatment. Persons from urban and rural areas did not differ in the degrees of treatment seeking and treatment receiving. Conclusion: Urinary incontinence was prevalent and greatly bothersome among Polish adults aged ≥ 40 years. Consequently, UI had detrimental effects on quality of life. Nonetheless, most affected persons did not seek treatment. Therefore, we need to increase population awareness in Poland about UI and available treatment methods, and we need to ensure adequate allocation of government and healthcare system resources.

scholarly journals DIVERSIFIKASI EKSPOR NON MIGAS INDONESIA KE PASAR NON TRADISIONAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-238
Author(s):  
Hotsawadi Harahap ◽  
Widyastutik
Keyword(s):  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Structural Match ◽  
Effect Model ◽  
Panel Data Regression ◽  
Data Regression ◽  
Oil Exports

Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis diversifikasi ekspor non migas Indonesia ke pasar non tradisional. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analisis statistik deskriptif dengan pendekatan pengelompokan (clustering), Structural Match Index dan Demand Index, serta regresi data panel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa negara yang diidentifikasikan sebagai negara non tradisional potensial adalah Brazil, Pantai Gading, Mesir, Georgia, Jamaica, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Myanmar, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Russian Federation, Trinidad and Tobago, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, dan Uruguay. Hasil regresi data panel menunjukkan bahwa Random Effect Model merupakan model yang terbaik untuk menjelaskan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi ekspor non migas Indonesia ke negara non tradisional. Hasil regresi menunjukkan bahwa GDP riil negara tujuan, populasi negara tujuan, nilai tukar riil, FDI dan kualitas pelabuhan Indonesia berpengaruh signifikan secara statistik terhadap ekspor non migas Indonesia ke negara non tradisional potensial tersebut. Beberapa rekomendasi kebijakan yang perlu dilakukan untuk meningkatkan ekspor non migas ke negara tujuan non tradisional diantaranya perlu dilakukan intelejen pasar mengenai kebutuhan dan selera dari masing-masing negara non tradisional atas produk Indonesia, peningkatan kualitas pelabuhan Indonesia dan kebijakan tambahan yang memberikan insentif untuk menarik Foreign Direct Investment ke Indonesia. Kata Kunci: Diversifikasi Ekspor, Demand Index, Non traditional, Random Effect Model, Structural Match Index   Abstract This study aims to analyze the diversification of Indonesia's non-oil and gas exports to non-traditional markets. The research method used is descriptive statistical analysis with a clustering approach, Structural Match Index and demand index, and panel data regression. The results showed that countries identified as potential non-traditional countries were Brazil, Ivory Coast, Egypt, Georgia, Jamaica, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Myanmar, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Russian Federation, Trinidad and Tobago, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, and Uruguay. The panel data regression results show that the random effect model is the best model to explain the factors that influence Indonesia's non-oil exports to non-traditional countries. The results show that the real GDP of the destination country, the population of the destination country, the real exchange rate, FDI and the quality of Indonesia's ports have a statistically significant effect on Indonesia's non-oil exports to these potential non-traditional countries. Then, in this study there are several policy recommendations that need to be done to increase non-oil and gas exports to non-traditional destination countries including market intelligence regarding the needs and tastes of each non-traditional country for Indonesian products, improving the quality of Indonesian ports and additional policies that provide incentives to attract Foreign Direct Investment to Indonesia. Keywords:  Export Diversification, Demand Index, Non-traditional, Random Effect Model, Structural Match Index JEL Classifications: F13, F15, F18

scholarly journals El caso de Polonia en la UE: retrocesos democráticos y del estado de derecho y «dilema de Copenague»

2016 ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Juan Fernando López Aguilar
Keyword(s):  
Civil Liberties ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Historical Processes ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
Judicial Protection ◽  
The Eu

Durante las legislaturas europeas 2009-2014 y 2014-2019 la UE viene asistiendo al desafío planteado por los alarmantes signos de deterioro y retroceso de la democracia en la UE. No por casualidad esta tendencia ha coincidido con la inmersión de la Unión en la peor crisis de su historia, que arrancó en 2008 y ha venido en llamarse la «Gran Recesión» de la UE o la «glaciación» europea. Hungría ha sido durante este período el caso más paradigmático de las derivas antidemocráticas -restricciones del pluralismo político e informativo, de la independencia judicial y de la jurisdicción del TC- experimentadas por países de la UE. Pero, recientemente, Polonia ha dado muestras de un deterioro igualmente preocupante. Con todo no se trata, desgraciadamente, de casos aislados sino una tendencia cada vez más generalizada que ha recibido, según los contextos, el nombre de «putinización» u «orbanización» de Estados miembros de la UE. El presente artículo hace un recuento de los deterioros constitucionales sufridos por esos dos países y de las iniciativas que desde la UE se han puesto en marcha para seguir y dar respuesta a esos procesos. El artículo hace hincapié en los rasgos «antiliberales» o «iliberales» que caracterizan dichas democracias, así como los inherentes al auge del nacionalismo y la intolerancia y los discursos del odio, y los pone en relación con otros procesos históricos de erosión democrática en Europa, incidiendo en la dialéctica democracia vs populismo. El artículo plantea, asimismo, los conflictos que se derivan del denominado «dilema de Copenhague» y del auge de la extrema derecha a lo largo y ancho de la UE y se detiene en algunos casos como el de las restricciones de derechos a los refugiados en Dinamarca o de los retrocesos habidos en los últimos años en derechos y libertades públicas en España. El artículo concluye que los deterioros descritos están vinculados a la «gran ampliación», que supuso la adhesión a la UE de los países del Este, con el telón de fondo de una crisis económica y financiera devenida, en poco tiempo, en crisis social y de valores como consecuencia de las políticas de austeridad impuestas por un manejo insatisfactorio de la propia crisis. Ello ha redundado en una impugnación de la propia idea de construcción europea desde diversos frentes ideológicos. El artículo se detiene, finalmente, en la respuesta europea a las mencionadas derivas a través de una reivindicación de sus valores fundantes y de una protección reforzada de los mismos mediante la implementación de nuevos mecanismos que velen por la calidad democrática y del Estado de derecho en la UE como complemento de los procedimientos judiciales de tutela de los derechos fundamentales comunes a las tradiciones constitucionales comunes de los Estados miembros.During the European legislatures 2009-2014 and 2014-2019 the EU has witnessed the challenge posed by the alarming signs of deterioration and decline of democracy in the EU. Not by chance this trend has coincided with the immersion of the Union in the worst crisis in its history that began in 2008 and has been called the «Great Recession» of the EU or the European «glaciation». Over this period Hungary has been the best example of democratic backsliding in the EU but Poland has shown an equally worrying deterioration lately. Yet these are not, unfortunately, isolated cases but there is rather an increasingly widespread trend in Europe that has received, depending on the context, the name «putinization» or «orbanization». The present article recounts the constitutional deterioration experienced by those two countries and the initiatives that have been launched from the EU to follow-up and contest those processes. The article emphasizes the «anti-liberal » or «iliberal» features that characterize these democracies as well as those marks inherent to the rise of nationalism and intolerance and puts them in relation to other historical processes of democratic erosion in Europe, focusing on the dialectic democracy vs populism. The article also exposes the conflicts stemming from the so-called «Copenhagen dilemma» and the rise of the extreme right across the EU and stops in some concrete cases such as the restrictions on the rights of refugees in Denmark or the limitations which have occurred in recent years in the field of civil liberties in Spain. The article concludes that this deterioration is linked to the «great enlargement», which involved the accession to the EU of the Eastern European countries against the backdrop of a relentless financial and economic crisis that rapidly became in a social crisis and a truly crisis of values as a result of the austerity policies imposed by an unsatisfactory handling of the crisis itself. This has resulted in a challenge to the very idea of European integration coming from different ideological fronts. The article finally stops on the European response to the democratic backsliding described before by reaffirming its fundamental values and by enhancing their protection by implementing new mechanisms to ensure that the quality of democracy and the rule of law in the EU is improved complementing the national systems of judicial protection of fundamental rights legal common to the constitutional traditions of the EU Member States.

scholarly journals MARGINAL PRICES OF IMPROVEMENTS MADE TO BLOCKS OF FLATS: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM ROMANIA

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adela DEACONU ◽  
Dorina LAZAR ◽  
Anuta BUIGA ◽  
Gheorghe FATACEAN
Keyword(s):  
Housing Markets ◽  
Hedonic Pricing ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Model Framework ◽  
Marginal Prices ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
Log Linear ◽  
The Cost

This paper examines a specific segment of the housing markets from Central and Eastern European countries, namely the stock of flats in the urban area. With focus on Romania, we emphasize the improvements made by owners and authorities, aimed to enhance the quality of life and the maintenance of old blocks of flats; are highlighted some aspects regarding the cost of these improvements. In addition, the empirical section investigates whether and to what extent the improvements made to the flats and buildings have a significant effect on sale prices and rental prices. The marginal prices of these attributes are provided by hedonic pricing models, estimated in a generalized linear model framework; gamma and log-linear regression models perform in a similar way in terms of fit and prediction accuracy. The physical condition of the building and finishing works inside the flats, as variables of interest in our models, have a significant effect on sale and rental prices, but with different intensity. A common set of significant attributes, in the hedonic models for both sale and rental price, is suggested.

scholarly journals The Most Important Factors Affecting Profitability of The Top 10 Commercial Banks in Asean

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 4742-4753
Author(s):  
Indra Satria ◽  
Edy Supriyadi ◽  
Agus s. Irfani ◽  
Achmad Djamil
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Bank Profitability ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Panel Data Regression ◽  
Data Regression ◽  
Effect Regression ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators

The purpose of this study is to find the most important factors affecting profitability of the top 10 commercial banks in ASEAN over the period 2012 to 2016. Panel data regression employed to identify factors affecting the banks profit. The data consist of macroeconomic indicators and bank financial statements which are collected from various sources. Data analysis was statistically conducted by using Eviews-9 statistical software based upon a fixed effect regression models. The study concluded that bank profitability (ROA) is significantly and positively affected by equity to asset (ETA), but it is not significantly affected by loan to deposit (LTD), investment to asset (ITA) and gross domestic product (GDP), eventhough these three variables have a positive patterns of influence on ROA. Approximately 87.03% of the bank’s profitability (ROA) explained by Loan to Deposit (LTD), equity to asset (ETA), investment to asset (ITA) and gross domestic product (GDP).

scholarly journals Bank Specific and Macroeconomic Determinants of Bank Profitability

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ehsan Javaid
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Macroeconomic Factors ◽  
Customer Base ◽  
Panel Data Regression ◽  
Data Regression ◽  
Macroeconomic Determinants

This study investigated the profitability of the banking sector in Pakistan. It evaluated the effects of both internal (bank-specific) and external (macroeconomic) factors on bank’s profitability from 2006 to 2013 period. The data of 34 commercial banks operating in Pakistan has collected. The data was balanced panel data and analyzed by random effect panel data regression analysis. Results confirmed that bank size and non-interest income had positive significant relationship on banking profitability. Deposit had negative significant relationship with banking profitability because of maintaining high liquidity, which increased cost of holding asset that ultimately, decrease profitability. As major participant, banks of Pakistan banking sector were small size banks so most important factor out of significant factors were income from non-interest facilities provided by these commercial banks. By increasing such facilities increased the bank’s customer base, which ultimately increased bank’s profitability. Macro-economic factors showed no significant effect on bank’s profitability.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Kualitas DIPA dan Akurasi Perencanaan Kas Terhadap Kualitas Penyerapan Anggaran

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heru Suwito
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Economic Problem ◽  
Regional Office ◽  
Panel Data Regression ◽  
Data Regression ◽  
Directorate General ◽  
Positive Effect

Goverment faces economic problem continuously that affect the economic growth where the most impact occured is from State Budge. The low absorption rate of goverment budget as seen from the realization of the state ministry/institutional budget hampers the rate of economic growth. The purpose of this study is to provide empirical evidence about the effect of DIPA quality and the accuracy of cash planning on the level of budget absorption of working unit in the working area of regional office of the Directorate General of Treasury, Lampung Province. The data used is secondary data in the form of data from the spending units which revised the budget and data on the planned withdrawal of the budget in the regional office of the Directorate General of Treasury, Lampung Province in 2013-2016. The sample of this study are working units who managed a budget of more than 10 billion on a quarterly basis during the period 2013-2016, with a total sample of 496 data studies. Hypothesis testing is performed using panel data regression Eviews version. The results of the study show that the quality of DIPA and accuracy of cash planning have a significant positive effect on the level of budget absorption of working units in the working area of regional office of the Directorate General of Treasury, Lampung Province.

Redistribution and the Quality of Government: Evidence from Central and Eastern Europe

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Bilyana Petrova
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Causal Mechanism ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Welfare State

Abstract The welfare state literature has largely ignored the impact of a country's quality of government on its levels of redistribution. Using cross-sectional time-series analysis of twenty-one Central and Eastern European countries, this article shows that environments characterized by higher levels of corruption, rampant bureaucratic inefficiency and ineffective enforcement of the rule of law are associated with lower levels of redistribution. Poor government directly affects the supply side of the redistribution process by hindering countries’ ability to allocate funds to redistribution and deliver them to their beneficiaries. Contrary to existing demand-oriented perspectives, the proposed causal mechanism does not blame lower redistribution on the lack of public support for the welfare state. Rather, it focuses on the capacity of states to adopt and implement inequality-reducing policies. The results are robust to numerous extensions and model specifications.

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