Modelling of Soot Formation in Spray Combustors

1983 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Koussa
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Soot Formation ◽  
Soot Concentration ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Combustion Modelling

A model for the prediction of the distribution of soot concentration in spray combustors is presented. Both gas-phase and liquid-phase soot formation have been considered. The methods have been developed within the constraints on detailed combustion modelling for practical application. Some predictions are assessed by comparison with published experimental data. It is concluded that predictions of the same quality as those of gaseous-fuelled combustors may be obtained neglecting liquid-phase soot formation in case of light fuels.

Theoretical analysis of counter-current absorption of a poorly soluble gas based on the PDE-AD model

1986 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 1222-1239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Moravec ◽  
Vladimír Staněk
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Transfer Functions ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Packed Bed Column ◽  
Interfacial Transport ◽  
Gaseous Component ◽  
Poorly Soluble ◽  
Counter Current

Expression have been derived in the paper for all four possible transfer functions between the inlet and the outlet gas and liquid steams under the counter-current absorption of a poorly soluble gas in a packed bed column. The transfer functions have been derived for the axially dispersed model with stagnant zone in the liquid phase and the axially dispersed model for the gas phase with interfacial transport of a gaseous component (PDE - AD). calculations with practical values of parameters suggest that only two of these transfer functions are applicable for experimental data evaluation.

An experimental method for predicting the composition and properties of a produced fluid under the conditions of a two-phase filtration of a gas-liquid mixture during field development for depletion

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 21-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey A. Zanochuev ◽  
Alexander B. Shabarov
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Experimental Method ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Relative Phase ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Liquid Mixture ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Reservoir Fluid

Within the objectives of predicting the composition and properties of the produced fluid during the development of oil and gas condensate fields, this article proposes an experimental method for predicting the composition and properties of the produced fluid. In addition, the authors show its practical use in a situation where the liquid phase (precipitated condensate or oil) is filtered together with the gas phase. Based on the proposed approach, experimental data were obtained on changes in the current gas saturation of the formation, as well as on changes in the composition and properties of the produced fluid during field development for depletion. The studies make use of the real reservoir fluid samples and the data from the results of stream experiments, in order to determine the relative phase permeabilities.

scholarly journals A Model for Computation of Net Local Soot Generation

1982 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Koussa
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Soot Formation ◽  
Soot Concentration ◽  
Positive Step

A model which is believed to be a positive step towards finding a model appropriate for detailed prediction of soot concentration in practical combustors is presented. The model considers the effect of turbulence on soot formation and destruction without excessive penalty on multidimensional computations. Comparison of the predictions with some experimental data shows that the general trends may be predicted with accuracy acceptable in most practical cases.

scholarly journals Development of a soot concentration estimation library for industrial combustion applications using Lagrangian parcel tracking

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Diffusion Flames ◽  
Soot Formation ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Soot Concentration ◽  
Cfd Simulations ◽  
Concentration Estimation ◽  
Low Computational Cost ◽  
Harmful Effects

Soot emissions from combustion devices are known to have harmful effects on the environment and human health. This project leverages existing knowledge in soot modelling and soot formation fundamentals to develop a stand-alone, computationally inexpensive soot concentration estimator to be linked to CFD simulations as a post-processor. The estimator consists of a library generated using the hystereses of soot-containing fluid parcels, which relates soot concentration to the aggregated gas-phase environment histories to which a fluid parcel has been exposed. The estimator can be used to relate soot concentration to computed parcel hystereses through interpolation techniques. The estimator shows the potential ability to produce accurate predictions with very low computational cost in laminar coflow diffusion flames. Results also show that as flame data representing a broader set of conditions is added to the library, the estimator becomes applicable to a wider range of flames.

scholarly journals Development of a soot concentration estimation library for industrial combustion applications using Lagrangian parcel tracking

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Diffusion Flames ◽  
Soot Formation ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Soot Concentration ◽  
Cfd Simulations ◽  
Concentration Estimation ◽  
Low Computational Cost ◽  
Harmful Effects

Soot emissions from combustion devices are known to have harmful effects on the environment and human health. This project leverages existing knowledge in soot modelling and soot formation fundamentals to develop a stand-alone, computationally inexpensive soot concentration estimator to be linked to CFD simulations as a post-processor. The estimator consists of a library generated using the hystereses of soot-containing fluid parcels, which relates soot concentration to the aggregated gas-phase environment histories to which a fluid parcel has been exposed. The estimator can be used to relate soot concentration to computed parcel hystereses through interpolation techniques. The estimator shows the potential ability to produce accurate predictions with very low computational cost in laminar coflow diffusion flames. Results also show that as flame data representing a broader set of conditions is added to the library, the estimator becomes applicable to a wider range of flames.

Application of Disk Aerators to Recarbonation of Alkaline Wastewater from Wet Gasification of Carbide

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 277-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Gomólka ◽  
B. Gomólka
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Carbonic Acid ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Flue Gases ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Content ◽  
Patent Claim ◽  
Phase Dispersion

Whenever possible, neutralization of alkaline wastewater should involve low-cost acid. It is conventional to make use of carbonic acid produced via the reaction of carbon dioxide (contained in flue gases) with water according to the following equation: Carbon dioxide content in the flue gas stream varies from 10% to 15%. The flue gas stream may either be passed to the wastewater contained in the recarbonizers, or. enter the scrubbers (which are continually sprayed with wastewater) from the bottom in oountercurrent. The reactors, in which recarbonation occurs, have the ability to expand the contact surface between gaseous and liquid phase. This can be achieved by gas phase dispersion in the liquid phase (bubbling), by liquid phase dispersion in the gas phase (spraying), or by bubbling and spraying, and mixing. These concurrent operations are carried out during motion of the disk aerator (which is a patent claim). The authors describe the functioning of the disk aerator, the composition of the wastewater produced during wet gasification of carbide, the chemistry of recarbonation and decarbonation, and the concept of applying the disk aerator so as to make the wastewater fit for reuse (after suitable neutralization) as feeding water in acetylene generators.

Modeling of aerated upflow fixed bed reactors for nitrification

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 85-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Behrendt
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Bulk Liquid ◽  
Initial Value ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactors ◽  
Number Of Cells

A mathematical model for nitrification in an aerated fixed bed reactor has been developed. This model is based on material balances in the bulk liquid, gas phase and in the biofilm area. The fixed bed is divided into a number of cells according to the reduced remixing behaviour. A fixed bed cell consists of 4 compartments: the support, the gas phase, the bulk liquid phase and the stagnant volume containing the biofilm. In the stagnant volume the biological transmutation of the ammonia is located. The transport phenomena are modelled with mass transfer formulations so that the balances could be formulated as an initial value problem. The results of the simulation and experiments are compared.

Reesterification of ethyl acetate by propanol catalysed by glycidyl methacrylate copolymers containing sulphonic acid groups

1981 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 1941-1946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karel Setínek
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Kinetic Study ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Nonlinear Regression ◽  
Kinetic Data ◽  
Glycidyl Methacrylate ◽  
Kinetic Equations ◽  
Methacrylate Copolymers ◽  
Styrene Divinylbenzene

A series of differently crosslinked macroporous 2,3-epoxypropyl methacrylate-ethylenedimethacrylate copolymers with chemically bonded propylsulphonic acid groups were used as catalysts for the kinetic study of reesterification of ethyl acetate by n-propanol in the liquid phase at 52 °C and in the gas phase at 90 °C. Analysis of kinetic data by the method of nonlinear regression for a series of equations of the Langmuir-Hinshelwood type showed that kinetic equations which describe best the course of the reaction are the same as for the earlier studied sulphonated macroporous styrene-divinylbenzene copolymers. Compared types of catalysts differ, however, in the dependence of their activity on the degree of crosslinking of the copolymer used.

Effect of ionizing radiation on the kinetics of hydrogenation on the Ni-MgO mixed catalyst

1982 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 1780-1786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rostislav Kudláček ◽  
Jan Lokoč
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Activation Energy ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Oxide Catalyst ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Hydrogenation Rate ◽  
Solution Composition ◽  
Mixed Catalyst ◽  
Kinetics Of

The effect of gamma pre-irradiation of the mixed nickel-magnesium oxide catalyst on the kinetics of hydrogenation of maleic acid in the liquid phase has been studied. The changes of the hydrogenation rate are compared with the changes of the adsorbed amount of the acid and with the changes of the solution composition, activation energy, and absorbed dose of the ionizing radiation. From this comparison and from the interpretation of the experimental data it can be deduced that two types of centers can be distinguished on the surface of the catalyst under study, namely the sorption centres for the acid and hydrogen and the reaction centres.

Diffusion model for deposition of epitaxial GaAs layers prepared by the MOCVD method

1991 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 2020-2029
Author(s):  
Jindřich Leitner ◽  
Petr Voňka ◽  
Josef Stejskal ◽  
Přemysl Klíma ◽  
Rudolf Hladina
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Deposition Process ◽  
Hydrogen Atmosphere ◽  
Epitaxial Gaas ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Good Agreement

The authors proposed and treated quantitatively a kinetic model for deposition of epitaxial GaAs layers prepared by reaction of trimethylgallium with arsine in hydrogen atmosphere. The transport of gallium to the surface of the substrate is considered as the controlling process. The influence of the rate of chemical reactions in the gas phase and on the substrate surface on the kinetics of the deposition process is neglected. The calculated dependence of the growth rate of the layers on the conditions of the deposition is in a good agreement with experimental data in the temperature range from 600 to 800°C.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document