A Novel Threshold Pressure Sensor Based on Nonlinear Dynamics of MEMS Arches

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad H. Hasan ◽  
Fadi M. Alsaleem ◽  
Hassen M. Ouakad
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Sensor ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
General Concept ◽  
Digital Logic ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Shallow Arch ◽  
Output Amplitude ◽  
Electrically Actuated ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
High Output

In this paper, we propose a new tunable pressure sensor based on the nonlinear snap-through instability of an electrically actuated shallow arch microbeam. The general concept of the sensor can be explained as follows: the shallow arch is excited to trigger dynamic snap-through instability yielding a high output amplitude, if the system operating pressure is below a threshold value. This state is interpreted as a digital logic 1. Once the varying pressure exceeds that threshold value, the arch gains its stability. Therefore, the new state would be interpreted as a digital logic 0 value. We show an example of an operation range of the proposed sensor by identifying the relationship between the excitation AC voltage and the critical cut-off pressure.

Could Be % MMEF and sGaw Determinant Diagnostic Parameters Between Partial Reversibility and Reversibility in Evaluating Short-Acting Bronchodilator Response?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gökhan Erdoğan ◽  
Elif Altuğ ◽  
Sacide Rana Işık ◽  
Levent Tabak
Keyword(s):  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Bronchodilator Response ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Airway Conductance

INTRODUCTION: By examining the relationship between changes in maximum mild-expiratory flow( MMEF) and specific airway conductance(sGaw), parameters with the change in FEV1 when evaluating the spirometer test and the bronchodilator response, we investigated their diagnostic contribution to the bronchodilator response in those with partial responses to FEV1. METHODS: The retrospective study sample consists of data from 112 patients between Jun 1, 2019, and Feb 1, 2020 who applied to the pulmonary function laboratory with a pre-diagnosis of bronchial hyperreactivity as well as body plethysmography test performed together with the reversibility test. RESULTS: MMEF% and ▲sGaw were linearly correlated with ▲FEV1 (respectively r = 0.752; p <0.001, r = 0.611; p <0.001). While there was a significant difference between ▲MMEF% and ▲sGaw between reversible, partially reversible, and irreversible groups (P <0.001), there was no significant difference in ▲sGaw between partial reversible and reversible groups in post-hoc comparisons (P> 0.05). In the binary logistic regression model created between the partially reversible and reversible groups, demographic characteristics, MMEF% and ▲sGaw variables, ▲MMEF was an independent predictor [OR: 1.132; 95% CI (1.036-1.238), p = 0.006]. The 24% threshold for absolute reversibility or partial reversibility calculated with MMEF% was significant, indicating significance at 86.2% sensitivity and 80.8% specificity (AUC: 0.811, 95% CI: 0.686-0.936; p <0.001). This value we found defined 81% of the partially reversible group as reversible. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: We observed that ▲sGaw alone didn' have a determinant contribution for determining reversibility in bronchodilator response, which showed partial reversibility with respect to FEV1 change. We believe that ▲MMEF% can be an independent predictor between these two groups and the calculated threshold value of 24% can be used as a criterion for determining the reversibility in cases where FEV1 is not determinant.

scholarly journals Scaled biotic disruption during early Eocene global warming events

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 4679-4688 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Gibbs ◽  
P. R. Bown ◽  
B. H. Murphy ◽  
A. Sluijs ◽  
K. M. Edgar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Cycle ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Early Eocene ◽  
Natural Experiments ◽  
Thermal Maximum ◽  
Carbon Release ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Extinction Events ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Late Paleocene and early Eocene hyperthermals are transient warming events associated with massive perturbations of the global carbon cycle, and are considered partial analogues for current anthropogenic climate change. Because the magnitude of carbon release varied between the events, they are natural experiments ideal for exploring the relationship between carbon cycle perturbations, climate change and biotic response. Here we quantify marine biotic variability through three million years of the early Eocene that include five hyperthermals, utilizing a method that allows us to integrate the records of different plankton groups through scenarios ranging from background to major extinction events. Our long time-series calcareous nannoplankton record indicates a scaling of biotic disruption to climate change associated with the amount of carbon released during the various hyperthermals. Critically, only the three largest hyperthermals, the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), Eocene Thermal Maximum 2 (ETM2) and the I1 event, show above-background variance, suggesting that the magnitude of carbon input and associated climate change needs to surpass a threshold value to cause significant biotic disruption.

Organization of electricity and capacity supplies: experience and practice of reforms in a particular region

2021 ◽  
pp. 92-103
Author(s):  
Alexandra Vasilyevna Yashchenko
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
Electric Power Industry ◽  
Real Data ◽  
General Concept ◽  
Network Problems ◽  
Market Transformation ◽  
Separate Region ◽  
Supply Industry ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The article examines the process of formation of the power supply industry in the 2000s using the example of a separate region. The market transformation of RAO UES was carried out under the slogan of increasing the efficiency and reliability of interaction between the economy and the energy sector. However, in practice, the creation of the energy market faced many problems, the specifics of the “special product” electricity, network problems, institutional and other problems. On the example of the Altai Territory, the genesis of the territorial power supply system is shown within the framework of the general concept of market reform of the electric power industry. On the basis of real data of the supplier of last resort and the real consumer of electricity and capacity, a retrospective of the relationship of these entities in practice is shown. The dynamics of the average price for electricity is calculated and its quite significant growth is shown for the entire post-reform period of observations.

scholarly journals Do cigarette and alcohol affect semen analysis?

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Zeynel Keskin ◽  
Salih Budak ◽  
Saim Gubari ◽  
Kalender Durmaz ◽  
Mehmet Yoldas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Semen Volume ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Relationship

Objectives: There are a number of studies about the effect of cigarette and alcohol on semen parameters in the literature. There is not a consensus on the relationship between use of cigarette and alchol and semen parameters in those studies. The number of studies in which cigarette and alcohol use are evaluated together is limited. This study was aimed to analyze the effect of cigarette and/or alcohol use on semen parameters. Methods: In this prospective study, 762 patients who applied to an hospital urology polyclinic between January 2015 and March 2015 due to infertility, were questioned for alcohol and cigarette use in anamnesis. The remaining 356 patients were included in our study. Then, semen analysis of the patients was performed. The patients were divided into five groups according to cigarette use, into five groups according to alcohol use and into four groups according to cigarette and/or alcohol use. Significant differences were analyzed between the groups in terms of semen volume, semen concentration, total motility, forward motility and morphological (normality, head anomaly, neck anomaly, tail anomaly) values. Results: According to cigarette use, only in group 4 (who use more than 20 package-years cigarette) semen volume was significantly lower than the control group (Mann-Whitney U, p = 0.009). There was no significant difference in any of the other parameters and groups compared with the control group (Mann-Whitney U, p &gt; 0,05) Conclusion:According to our study, using more than 20 package- years cigarette decreases semen volume. The reason of this result might be the fact that the threshold value, from which the effect of cigarette and alcohol use on the semen parameters has to be determined.

DEVELOPMENT OF A HYBRID SOIL PRESSURE SENSOR AND ITS APPLICATION TO SOIL COMPACTION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Talesnick ◽  
Moti Ringel ◽  
Kyle Rollins
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Sensor ◽  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Compaction Pressure ◽  
Confining Pressure ◽  
Soil Pressure ◽  
Compaction Process ◽  
Vibratory Compaction ◽  
Soil Strain ◽  
The Relationship

A new soil pressure sensor based on a combination of the deflecting membrane and fluid filled approaches has been developed. The advantages of this combined approach are that issues of sensor compliance are eliminated without reducing the effectiveness of the sensor to be used for dynamic measurements. Calibration and verification testing performed under controlled laboratory conditions illustrate these benefits. The new system was implemented in a full-scale field trial which involved the construction of a compacted engineered fill 1.8 m in height. As each layer of fill was placed and compacted vertical in-soil pressure and vertical in-soil strain were continuously measured. During the vibratory compaction process both vertical soil pressure and vertical soil strain histories were captured in each layer. The data collected allowed for the determination of fill stiffness for both static and dynamic conditions. The results illustrate the effect of both confining pressure and strain level on fill stiffness. The relationship between compaction pressure and depth is clearly defined.

Simulation of Low Pressure MEMS Sensor for Biomedical Application

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sathyanarayanan ◽  
A. Vimala Juliet
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Sensor ◽  
Microelectromechanical Systems ◽  
Biomedical Application ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Capacitive Pressure Sensor ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Mems Sensor ◽  
Relationship Of

Micromachining technology has greatly benefited from the success of developments in implantable biomedical microdevices. In this paper, microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) capacitive pressure sensor operating for biomedical applications in the range of 20–400 mm Hg was designed. Employing the microelectromechanical systems technology, high sensor sensitivities and resolutions have been achieved. Capacitive sensing uses the diaphragm deformation-induced capacitance change. The sensor composed of a rectangular polysilicon diaphragm that deflects due to pressure applied over it. Applied pressure deflects the 2 µm diaphragm changing the capacitance between the polysilicon diaphragm and gold flat electrode deposited on a glass Pyrex substrate. The MEMS capacitive pressure sensor achieves good linearity and large operating pressure range. The static and thermo electromechanical analysis were performed. The finite element analysis data results were generated. The capacitive response of the sensor performed as expected according to the relationship of the spacing of the plates.

The Exergy Efficiency and Output Acoustic Power Performance Optimization of the Thermoacoustic Engine Micro-Cycle

2013 ◽  
Vol 712-715 ◽  
pp. 1609-1613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Lin ◽  
Feng Wu ◽  
Jin Hua Fei ◽  
Tuo Wang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Objective Function ◽  
Performance Optimization ◽  
Finite Time ◽  
Acoustic Power ◽  
Exergy Efficiency ◽  
Power Performance ◽  
Thermoacoustic Engine ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
High Output

The relationship between exergy efficiency and output acoustic power of the thermoacoustic engine microcycle model which only was accounted for the heat resistance had been analyzed using finite time thermodynamics.And through the new objective function,we obtain the optimization that not only obtain high exergy efficiency but also high output acoustic power at the same time.Optimized imperfection that we only pursue the high exergy efficiency, we obtain low output acoustic power and vice versa.We approve this conclusion by numerical calculation.The results that we obtained will be useful to optimal the design of a actual thermoacoustic engine.

Changing challenges and paradigms

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-285
Author(s):  
Donald E Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Risk Aversion ◽  
General Concept ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
Biological Modeling ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Dose Responses ◽  
The Relationship

Change comes as a surprise because things do not happen in a straight line. Concepts often evolve haphazardly, reacting to specific events. Assumptions are made but are not challenged, sometimes for political or social expedience. It has long been recognized that the dose makes the poison. Concepts of the relationship evolved from both events and the availability of exploratory tools. There are consequences to risk aversion. The general concept of hormesis is perhaps not unexpected. The acceptance of multiphasic dose-responses has the potential to unleash additional and productive insights into this relationship. The activities of BELLE and its Newsletter provide an excellent example of what can be achieved when dogmas are challenged by the accrual of information that has not been previously examined to see whether additional insights are possible. A forthcoming challenge will be the critical examination of all the inputs and assumptions that will be used in the increasing sophistication of biological modeling.

scholarly journals DISORDERS OF SKIN MICROBIOTA AND FORMATION OF ATOPIC DERMATITIS IN CHILDREN

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 243-250
Author(s):  
Galina I. Smirnova ◽  
A. A. Korsunsky
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Skin Barrier ◽  
General Concept ◽  
Skin Care ◽  
Special Significance ◽  
Dry Skin ◽  
Skin Microbiota ◽  
Rate Of Development ◽  
The Relationship

The review presents the special significance of changes in the intestinal and skin microbiota in the formation of atopic dermatitis (AD) in children. AD is considered as a form of allergic pathology directly related to the state and quality of the microbiota of a growing organism. The microbiota of the skin of patients with AD is characterized by a small species diversity of bacteria; a decrease in the number of actinomycetes and proteobacteria; increased colonization of various types of staphylococci (S. aureus, S. epidermidis, S. haemolyticus, etc). The relationship between the rate of development of AD and violations of the microbiota of the skin in children is shown. The necessity of maintaining high biodiversity of the microbiota of a growing organism as a strategy for optimizing the microecology of children through the use of adaptive probiotics in a healthy microenvironment is substantiated. The restoration of the barrier function of the skin and the normalization of the composition and quality of the intestinal microbiota are determined as the most important task of the general concept of the treatment of AD, where new dermatological cosmetics and proper skin care play an important role. The possibilities of normalizing the microbiome of the affected skin areas to restore the skin barrier with the help of dry skin care cosmetics are shown.

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