A Comparative Study of Industrial Energy Assessments for Small and Medium-Sized Industrial Facilities

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad I. Abbas ◽  
Mandana S. Saravani ◽  
Muhannad R. Al-Haddad ◽  
Ryoichi S. Amano ◽  
Mohammad Darwish Qandil
Keyword(s):  
Energy Cost ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Industrial Facilities ◽  
Manufacturing Plants ◽  
Energy Assessment ◽  
University Of Wisconsin ◽  
Industrial Energy

The Industrial Assessment Center at University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee (WM-IAC) has implemented over 100 industrial energy, waste, and productivity assessments, and has recommended $9.5 million of energy and operational savings with about 950 recommendations since it was re-established in 2011. This paper analyzes the assessments, and the recommendations were performed over two years only, 2014 and 2015. During these two years, a total of 40 assessments were created by visiting different manufacturing facilities with the analysis of the data gathered and processed. The determinants of the data were the number of recommendations, recommended energy savings (in kWh/year), recommended energy cost savings (in US$/year), implemented energy savings (in US$/year), the Standard Industrial Code (SIC) and the groups of Energy Efficiency Opportunities (EEOs). Such an analytical study was meant to reveal the significance of EEO groups through a variety of SICs in terms of the potential for energy savings, particularly focused towards choosing plant facilities for IAC assessments. Additionally, this paper could be considered as a guide for plant managers, energy engineers and other personnel involved in the energy assessment process. Conclusions are inferred with respect to the most promising EEOs that can be resolved based on the characteristics of the manufacturing plants visited. The information investigated can pave the way for composing energy demanding industries and expose priority goal areas regarding minimizing the energy consumption.

scholarly journals Study of Energy Saving Analysis for Different Industries

2020 ◽  
Vol 143 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Abdel-Hadi ◽  
Abdel Rahman Salem ◽  
Ahmad I. Abbas ◽  
Mohammad Qandil ◽  
Ryoichi S. Amano
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Metal Industry ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Standard Industrial Classification ◽  
Fabricated Metal ◽  
Energy Assessment ◽  
Knowing That

Abstract This study analyzes the energy consumption and saving performance in the industries in the U.S.A. All energy assessments implemented were for facilities whose annual energy consumptions were less than 9,000,000 kWh (small- and medium-sized industries) that belong to the manufacturing industries with Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) codes ranging from 2000 to 3999 in addition to SIC codes starting with 49. In this study, assessments are classified based on the SIC codes with recommendations analysis for each classification to get a better idea of what recommendations were suggested in each major industrial sector, knowing that 68 assessments were made, and their SIC ranged from 14 to 49. In addition, this study could be considered as a guide for energy engineers and other personnel involved in the energy assessment process. The information investigated can give a better prediction for composing better energy-demanding industries and minimizing energy consumption. More than 61 energy assessments were conducted for manufacturing facilities and analyzing the data gathered and processed. Through the research, the Fabricated Metal industry achieved the highest average kWh savings and cost savings within the industries studied in this study. According to the average gigajoule (GJ) savings, the fabricated metal industry ranked second within the studied industries. Conversely, Food and Kindred Products achieved the highest GJ energy savings within the studied industries. Lighting, motors, compressors, and heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) were the most contributing industries in a total of 547 recommendations.

scholarly journals Impact of Carbon Pricing on Energy Cost Savings Resulting from Installation of Gas-Fired Absorption Heat Pump at A Library Building in Ontario

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Altamash Ahmad Baig ◽  
Alan S. Fung
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Conventional Heating ◽  
Positive Energy ◽  
Cooling Mode ◽  
Carbon Pricing ◽  
Absorption Heat Pump

This paper presents the results of analyzing the potential benefits of a natural gas-fired absorption heat pump (GAHP) for a library building in Ontario in terms of energy savings, fuel cost savings, and reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. Simulation model for the library building was created in eQUEST and calibrated using the energy consumption data from the 2012–2014. The results for energy savings were analyzed to include the effect of implementation of carbon pricing. It was concluded that because of implementation of carbon pricing, the replacement of conventional heating equipment with more efficient gas-fired heat pump would increase the monetary value of the savings achieved from reduced natural gas consumption, due to increased price of natural gas. Furthermore, due to the longer heating season in Canada and the relatively higher price of electricity compared to natural gas the gas-fired heat pump can potentially achieve positive energy cost savings when operated in both heating and cooling mode even after implementation of carbon pricing.

scholarly journals Performance Analysis of an Integrated Solar Dehumidification System with HVAC in A Typical Corner Store in the USA

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 4068 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahad A. Almehmadi ◽  
Kevin P. Hallinan
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Dynamic Models ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
The United States ◽  
Baseline Model ◽  
Corner Store ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Food deserts have emerged in underserved urban and rural areas throughout the United States. Corner markets have filled the food voids, but generally without offering residents access to healthy food. The economics for doing so are prohibitive. The purpose of the study is to investigate an opportunity for reducing corner store energy costs in order to make possible retail of fresh produce and meat. Given the typical dominance of refrigeration to the energy cost in such stores, an integrated solar dehumidification system with heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) is considered. A typical corner store baseline reliant upon conventional refrigeration and HVAC equipment is defined to serve as a basis for comparison. MATLAB Simulink dynamic models are developed for the posed system and baseline model. The results show energy reduction in the refrigerated cabinets of maximally 28%, 27%, and 20%, respectively, in Dayton, OH, Phoenix, AZ, and Pine Bluff, AR. The respective HVAC energy savings are respectively 28%, 56%, and 4%. Collectively these correspond to total annual energy savings of 43%, 51%, and 53%, translating to annual energy cost savings of greater than $12K in all locations.

scholarly journals Florida Citrus Processing Facility Takes Leadership Role in Conducting a Facility Wide Insulation Energy Assessment

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald (Ron) King ◽  
G. Christopher P. Crall
Keyword(s):  
Energy Savings ◽  
Facility Management ◽  
Leadership Role ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Piping System ◽  
Energy Assessment ◽  
Processing Facility ◽  
Insulation Systems ◽  
Engineering Conference ◽  
Ambient Systems

After attending a National Insulation Association (NIA) presentation on Insulation, The Forgotten Technology at ASME’s 2007 Citrus Engineering Conference, a major citrus processing facility in central Florida decided to examine the condition of their insulation systems and determine the potential energy savings that could be achieved by replacing or repairing their existing insulation. Facility management had previously examined abbreviated energy assessments for above and below ambient systems but had not commissioned an extensive below ambient assessment. Due to the age, complexity, and recent weather history of the facility (i.e. hurricanes), management wanted to examine the condition of the thermal insulation systems and any effect its condition may have on the refrigerant piping and overall system operating costs. The assessment process was more complex than originally anticipated and yielded a wealth of meaningful information. The facility covers about 50 acres and consists of a variety of production, warehousing, and shipping/receiving facilities. It is estimated that the facility processes roughly one billion pounds of oranges and grapefruits each year into juice and juice products. Refrigeration for the site is provided by a large and complex ammonia refrigeration system. A total of eight “engine rooms” house electric driven compressors and associated vessels and equipment. Installed capacity is roughly 3,000 tons of refrigeration with an estimated energy cost on the order of $2 million per year. The ammonia refrigerant is distributed throughout the site via a complex and interconnected refrigerant piping system. The total refrigerant charge in the system is roughly 300,000 lbs of ammonia. Paper published with permission.

scholarly journals A Systematic Literature Review of Methods for Improved Utilisation of the Non-Energy Benefits of Industrial Energy Efficiency

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Therese Nehler
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Primary Methods ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Industrial Energy ◽  
Industrial Energy Efficiency

Improvements in industrial energy efficiency demonstrated various additional effects beyond pure energy savings and energy cost savings. Observed on many levels, these additional effects, often denoted as non-energy benefits, constitute a diverse collection, for instance, effects related to firms’ production or improvements in the work environment and the external environment. Previous studies showed the potential of including quantified and monetised non-energy benefits in energy efficiency investments. However, there seems to be a lack of methodological overview, including all the steps from observation to monetisation and inclusion in investments. This study systematically reviews the academic literature on non-energy benefits relating to methods for observation, measuring, quantification, and monetisation of the benefits. The most commonly applied research design was a case study approach, in which data on non-energy benefits were collected by conducting interviews. Furthermore, the primary methods used to enable quantification and monetisation of observed non-energy benefits were based on classifications, indexes in relation to the energy savings, or frameworks. Calculation methods, databased tools, classification frameworks, and ranking were applied to evaluate the benefits’ potential in relation to energy efficiency investments. Based on a synthesis of the review findings, this article contributes a novel scheme for improved utilisation of the non-energy benefits of industrial energy efficiency.

Comparison Between Wayside Storage and Reversible Thyristor Controlled Rectifiers (RTCR) for Heavy Rail Applications

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitaly Gelman
Keyword(s):  
Energy Cost ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Energy Losses ◽  
Round Trip ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Power Stations ◽  
Substantial Interest ◽  
Heavy Rail ◽  
Traction Power

There had been a substantial interest in the traction community to use wayside Energy Storage Systems (ESS) to better utilize train braking energy and thus achieve reduction of energy cost and peak power, and voltage stabilization. An alternative solution to reach the same goals is using recuperating (also called regenerating) traction power stations such as a Reversible Thyristor Controlled Rectifiers (RTCR). The paper compares advantages and disadvantages of ESS of three most common types — flywheels, batteries and supercapacitors — and RTCR. The analysis takes into account size, capital cost, the “round trip” energy losses and energy savings for heavy rail applications.

Economic, Exergy, and Environmental Analyses of the Energy Assessments for US Industries

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Alaa Hasan ◽  
Osama M. Selim ◽  
Mohamed Abousabae ◽  
Ryoichi S. Amano ◽  
Wilkistar Otieno
Keyword(s):  
Cash Flow ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Exergy Analysis ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Co2 Emission Reduction ◽  
Energy Assessment ◽  
Implementation Rate

Abstract This paper highlights the expected versus actual outcomes of 152 energy analyses that were performed between 2011 and 2020. The 1,317 energy assessment recommendations (ARs) are grouped into eight categories. This study adopted four measures per category: annual electricity savings, annual gas savings, annual cost savings, and annual CO2 emission reduction. The first part of the analysis compares the expected recommendations to each measure's actually implemented values for the eight categories. It was found that the percentages of the actual to the expected electricity, gas, and cost savings are 26.6%, 11.4%, and 17.1%, respectively. In contrast, the percentage of the actual to the expected CO2 reduction is 22%. Moreover, the second part of the analysis presents each category's implementation rate and the reasons for rejecting the unimplemented ARs. Cash flow and expensive initial investment resulted in rejecting 25% of ARs. Finally, the study proposes techniques and strategies to increase ARs' implementation rate and improve all private energy services industries' implementation rate. An exergy analysis is added to show the improvement that energy assessment achieves regarding exergy and exergy efficiencies of different industrial applications.

CATALYTIC PROPERTIES OF Ni-V COATING IN THE PROCESS OF HYDROGEN RELEASE

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
N. Rudenko ◽  
S. Leshchenko ◽  
Yu. Kovalenko
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Voltage Drop ◽  
Hydrogen Release ◽  
Hydrogen Energy ◽  
Industrial Facilities ◽  
Alkaline Electrolysis ◽  
Electrolytic Alloys ◽  
Steel Electrodes

Solar and hydrogen energy play an important role in providing a variety of industrial facilities with electricity and heat. One of the priorities of modern industry is to increase the production of environmentally friendly energy source – electrochemical synthesis of hydrogen. Modern methods of electrolysis of water do not meet the need for its use, due to the high cost of electrosynthesis of water-alkaline electrolysis, which depends on the material and energy consumption of electrolysis. The useful energy consumption for the production of energy – hydrogen at the cathode and "unnecessary" costs - for the release of oxygen at the anode, depend on the overvoltage of the respective reactions. Therefore, the most important problem of hydrogen energy is the synthesis of electrode materials with low overvoltage of O2 and H2. Electrode materials with low overvoltage will reduce the specific consumption of electricity in obtaining hydrogen by "classical" electrolysis. The prospects of reducing the cathodic and anodic overvoltage, which is a significant part of the voltage at the terminals of the cell, for the development of highly efficient and competitive technologies for hydrogen production by low-temperature electrolysis of an alkaline solution have been theoretically substantiated and experimentally confirmed. To reduce the overvoltage of the cathodic hydrogen evolution, it is proposed to modify the surface of the cathodes. The application of a small amount of electrolytic alloys of metals of the iron family with molybdenum and tungsten on nickel, cobalt, titanium and steel electrodes significantly (by 40–50 %) reduces the overvoltage of cathodic release of hydrogen from alkali solution. The use of steel electrodes, the surface of which is modified with vanadium and ni-ckel, reduces the voltage drop on the cell during the synthesis of H2 and O2 by 0.2–0.3 V, which creates conditions for reducing energy costs and energy savings.

scholarly journals Multi-Country Analysis on Energy Savings in Buildings by Means of a Micro-Solar Organic Rankine Cycle System: A Simulation Study

Environments ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessia Arteconi ◽  
Luca Del Zotto ◽  
Roberto Tascioni ◽  
Khamid Mahkamov ◽  
Chris Underwood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Operational Cost ◽  
The North

In this paper, the smart management of buildings energy use by means of an innovative renewable micro-cogeneration system is investigated. The system consists of a concentrated linear Fresnel reflectors solar field coupled with a phase change material thermal energy storage tank and a 2 kWe/18 kWth organic Rankine cycle (ORC) system. The microsolar ORC was designed to supply both electricity and thermal energy demand to residential dwellings to reduce their primary energy use. In this analysis, the achievable energy and operational cost savings through the proposed plant with respect to traditional technologies (i.e., condensing boilers and electricity grid) were assessed by means of simulations. The influence of the climate and latitude of the installation was taken into account to assess the performance and the potential of such system across Europe and specifically in Spain, Italy, France, Germany, U.K., and Sweden. Results show that the proposed plant can satisfy about 80% of the overall energy demand of a 100 m2 dwelling in southern Europe, while the energy demand coverage drops to 34% in the worst scenario in northern Europe. The corresponding operational cost savings amount to 87% for a dwelling in the south and at 33% for one in the north.

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